Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Herpesviruses infections occur commonly following kidney transplantation and immunosuppression, and contribute substantially to morbidity in the transplant recipient. In this prospective study, stomatitis, mononucleosis, hepatitis, or interstitial pneumonia occurred in 24 of 30 patients (80%) as a result of reactivation of latent herpesvirus infections, but the majority of these syndromes were self-limited and the infections were often asymptomatic. Rejection occurred significantly more frequently in CMV-infected patients, but a distinct causal relationship cannot be deduced.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of infections with herpesviruses after kidney transplantation: a prospective study of various syndromes. 21 Jul 27

Vincristine-high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum factor (VCR-MTX-CF) was administered preoperatively at weekly intervals to eight patients, four with primary tumors and four with pulmonary metastases. These patients had not received prior VCR-MTX-CF treatment. A similar treatment program was administered to five patients with pulmonary metastases who had received prior VCR-MTX-CF. Among the eight patients who had not received prior VCR-MTX-CF, complete responses were obtained in three with primary tumors (this was followed by surgical excision) and two with pulmonary metastases. Partial responses occurred in two additional patients. Partial responses were also obtained in two patients who had received VCR-MTX-CF. Chemotherapy and surgery in one patient with an extremity lesion resulted in preservation of the limb and useful function. The major toxicity was anorexia and weight loss. Other side effects included stomatitis, myelosuppression, hepatitis and transient renal impairment. The weekly program was highly effective when compared to responses obtained with the tri-weekly schedule utilized in previous studies.
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PMID:Weekly high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum factor in osteogenic sarcoma: pre-surgical treatment of primary tumor and of overt pulmonary metastases. 29 28

The resistance of a total of 13 different viruses to some important chemico-physical influences was studied under uniform experimental conditions. Stability in tape water, thermostability and sensitivity to anodic oxidation, gamma radiation, some virucidal substances and several commercial disinfectants were tested. In evaluating the results, an attempt is made to rank the viruses investigated according to their sensitivity. On average a bovine parvovirus, and also a reovirus and three enteroviruses, proved most stable. These were followed by infectious canine hepatitis (adenoviruses). Newcastle disease (paramyxoviruses) and vaccinia (poxviruses) demonstrating less resistance. In all the tests an orthomyxovirus (influenza A), a rhabdovirus (vesicular stomatitis), and particularly a herpesvirus (pseudorabies) and a togavirus (sindbis) proved to have relatively low resistance.
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PMID:[Variations in resistance of viruses from different groups to chemico-physical decontamination methods]. 51 42

In accordance with the system of viral species, viral disorders of the oral mucosa may be classified with regard to their intensity of affection. There are but few viral infections exclusively affecting the oral mucosa like e.g. 1. Glossitis papulosa of Michelson, representing a special form of vaccinia inoculata, 2. Gingivo-stomatitis herpetica and 3. warts of the mucosa or condyloma-like papillomas of the oral mucosa including oral papillomatosis, that, itself shows morphological and clinical similarities to laryngeal papilloma. A second group of disorders mainly affecting the oral mucosa includes the "Aphthoid of Pospischill and Feyrter", Zahorsky's herpangina and other viral infections by the Coxsackie group, like vesicular stomatitis. The 3rd group represents viral infections of other organs in which affection of the oral mucosa is a prerogative, e.g. smallpox, varicella, foot-and-mouth disease and pharyngo-conjunctival fever. A 4th group includes those viral infections of the organs in which co-affection of oral mucosa occurs frequently or once in a while (at occasions). Here, we find eczema vaccinatum, herpes zoster, herpes simplex of the oral mucosa mostly on the hard palate, eczema herpeticatum, post-herpetic Erythema exsudativum multiforme, Mononucleosis infectiosa Pfeiffer, viral flu, German measles, parotitis epidemica, rubeola and ECHO-exanthema. A 5th and last group is made up by viral infections of other organs, in which affection of the oral mucosa hardly occurs at all. This group contains paravaccinal Ecthyma contagiosum, poliomyelitis, viral infection of the city of Marburg and some Arbovirus infections. Relatively few viral disorders never co-exist with lesions on the oral mucosa like e.g. Virus-hepatitis or some viral encephalitides. Groups 1 and 2, most important of all, are presented in detail regarding clinics, diagnostics, differential-diagnosis and therapy. The disorders within the other 3 groups are discussed only regarding their importance in the field of ENT-related symptoms of the oral mucosa. A number of pictures and tables completes important clinical details and give further hints to their differential-diagnosis.
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PMID:[Virus diseases of the mouth mucosa]. 83 Jan 6

Forty-eight patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors were treated with a combination of adriamycin 50 mg/m2, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum 50 mg/m2, every 2 to 4 weeks. Fifteen patients responded with a greater than 50% regression of measurable tumor; six with lung cancer; one, carcinoma of the breast; one, ovary; one, cervix; one, prostate; one, testis; one, maxillary sinus; and one, salivary gland, plus one patient with chemodectoma and one with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Responses lasted 1 to 18 months, with a median of 6 months. An additional six patients, including two with adenocarcinoma of the lung three with carcinoma of the cervix, and one with embryonal cell testicular carcinoma improved (25-50% regression of the tumor). Toxicity encountered included myelosuppression, azotemia, alopecia, nausea, vomitting, and stomatitis. Severe hematologic toxicity occurred only in those with compromised marrow function or with concurrent active hepatitis. Major potentiation of toxicity by the combination does not appear to have occurred.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with neoplastic diseases. 98 19

The generation of infectious defective interfering (DI) particles of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) entirely from cDNA clones is reported. Bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase was used to direct the transcription of a complete negative-stranded genomic RNA from a cDNA clone of a VSV DI RNA in cells simultaneously expressing the five VSV proteins from separately transfected cDNA clones. The negative-stranded transcript was encapsidated with N protein, replicated by the VSV polymerase, and the replicated RNAs were assembled and budded to yield infectious DI virions. No helper VSV was required. Replication occurred at high levels and was assayed by direct biochemical means. An exact 3' terminus of the initial transcript, which was generated by autolytic cleavage using a ribozyme from hepatitis delta virus, was critical for replication.
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PMID:Infectious defective interfering particles of VSV from transcripts of a cDNA clone. 131 85

Hepatic regional treatment represents an attempt to improve tumor response by increasing drug concentration with low systemic toxicities. Recently in vitro and clinical studies have shown that the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) can be potentiated by high doses of leucovorin (LCV). Two pilot studies with intraarterial FUDR, 5FU, and LCV were initiated. Since 1982, 221 patients with colorectal liver metastases were treated by various forms of long-term monthly continuous regional treatment using implantable ports or pumps. FUDR (0.05 to 1.7 mg/kg/d) was administered alone or combined with 5-FU and leucovorin. In 61 patients curative liver resection was possible and was followed by adjuvant arterial treatment. Overall median survival time (MST) was 15 months and increased to 36 months after liver resection. This was influenced by the following important factors: treatment, number of metastases, extent of infiltration, tumor volume, and minimal intraoperatively diagnosed extrahepatic disease. The response rate varied from 69% to 23%. Time of development of extrahepatic progression was not delayed by additional systemic treatment. Local side effects significantly depended on the duration of arterial infusion. The rate of biliary sclerosis ranged from 19% to 0%. Occurrence of chemical hepatitis was between 7% and 38%. In contrast, after combined intraarterial treatment with LCV, systemic side effects, mainly stomatitis and diarrhea, were dose limiting. Despite the improvement of survival after regional treatment, further randomized trials are mandatory to compare regional with relevant systemic treatment.
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PMID:Continuous regional treatment with fluoropyrimidines for metastases from colorectal carcinomas: influence of modulation with leucovorin. 153 72

It has previously been shown that the M (E1) glycoprotein of mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) contains only O-linked oligosaccharides and localizes to the Golgi region when expressed independently. A detailed pulse-chase analysis was made of the addition of O-linked sugars to the M protein; upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, three different electrophoretic forms could be distinguished that corresponded to the sequential acquisition of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), galactose (Gal), and sialic acid (SA). A fourth and fifth form could also be detected which we were unable to identify. Following Brefeldin A treatment, the M protein still acquired GalNAc, Gal, and SA, but the fourth and fifth forms were absent, suggesting that these modifications occur in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In contrast, in the presence of BFA, the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which contains N-linked oligosaccharides, acquired Gal and fucose but not SA. These results are consistent with earlier published data showing that Golgi compartments proximal to the TGN, but not the TGN itself, relocate to the endoplasmatic reticulum/intermediate compartment. More importantly, our data argue that, whereas addition of SA to N-linked sugars occurs in the TGN the acquisition of both SA on O-linked sugars and the addition of fucose to N-linked oligosaccharides must occur in Golgi compartments proximal to the TGN. The glycosylation of the M protein moreover indicates that it is transported to trans-Golgi and TGN. This was confirmed by electron microscopy immunocytochemistry, showing that the protein is targeted to cisternae on the trans side of the Golgi and co-localizes, at least in part, with TGN 38, a marker of the TGN, as well as with a lectin specific for sialic acid.
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PMID:O-glycosylation of the coronavirus M protein. Differential localization of sialyltransferases in N- and O-linked glycosylation. 162 9

Between September 1976 and May 1989, 12 cases of uveitis attributed to the systemic use of sulfonamide derivatives were reported to the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects and the US Food and Drug Administration. We evaluated these reports in addition to one case previously reported in the literature and one patient seen at the Uveitis Clinic, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland. The patients' median age was 34 years. Twelve of 14 patients were treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All patients for whom the location of the eye disease was specified presented with an iritis. Six reports included a description of ocular symmetry, with all patients having bilateral inflammation. Of the nine patients for whom data on the duration of drug use was available, seven experienced adverse effects within 8 days of beginning trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy and four showed effects within 24 hours. Three patients had histories of rechallenge with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and in each case acute iritis recurred within 24 hours of reinstitution of therapy. Five patients had additional evidence of an adverse reaction manifested as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, diffuse macular or vesicular rashes, stomatitis, glossitis, conjunctival and scleral injection, and granulomatous hepatitis. The consistent presentation including bilateral, anterior inflammation and the recurrence with rechallenge strongly indicate a cause-effect relationship. Although uveitis secondary to sulfonamides is a rarely diagnosed clinical event, recognition of the distinct presentation of this entity is important in the differential diagnosis of uveitis.
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PMID:Systemic sulfonamides as a cause of bilateral, anterior uveitis. 178 69

Virus-induced cell fusion has been examined in a series of stable cell lines which were originally selected for resistance to the fusogenic effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG). For a wide variety of viruses, including murine hepatitis virus (a coronavirus), vesicular stomatitis virus (a rhabdovirus), and two paramyxoviruses (Sendai virus and SV5), susceptibility to virus-induced fusion was found to be inversely correlated with susceptibility to PEG-induced fusion. This phenomenon was observed both for cell fusion occurring in the course of viral infection and for fusion induced "from without" by the addition of high titers of noninfectious or inactivated virus. The fusion-altered cell lines (fusible by virus but not by PEG) are characterized by their unusual lipid composition, including marked elevation of saturated fatty acids and the presence of an unusual ether-linked neutral lipid. To test the association between lipid composition and fusion, acyl chain saturation was manipulated by supplementing the culture medium with exogenous fatty acids. In such experiments, it was possible to control the responses of these cells to both viral and chemical fusogens. Increasing the cellular content of saturated fatty acyl chains increased the susceptibility of cells to viral fusion and decreased susceptibility to PEG-induced fusion, whereas lowering fatty acid saturation had the opposite effect. Thus, parallel cultures of cells can be either driven toward the PEG-fusible/virus-fusion-resistant phenotype of the parental cells or rendered susceptible to viral fusion but resistant to PEG-induced fusion, solely by the alteration of cellular lipids. The ability of cellular lipid composition to regulate virus-induced membrane fusion suggests a possible role for lipids in viral infection and pathogenesis.
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PMID:Control of virus-induced cell fusion by host cell lipid composition. 215 79


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