Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with leukemic reticuloendotheliosis had splenomegaly, neutropenia, and a severe underproduction anemia. During a three-year period, the hematocrit was never in the normal range, and periodic transfusions were required. However, after an episode of hepatitis that was positive for B surface antigen, the spleen became smaller, the number of neutrophils increased, the transfusion requirement disappeared, and the hematocrit rose to normal. Several mechanisms for this observation are proposed.
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PMID:Beneficial effect of hepatitis in leukemic reticuloendotheliosis. 724 95

This article reviews some of the published applications of flow cytometry for in vitro and in vivo detection and enumeration of virus-infected cells. Sample preparation, fixation, and permeabilization techniques for a number of virus-cell systems are evaluated. The use of flow cytometry for multiparameter analysis of virus-cell interactions for simian virus 40, herpes simplex viruses, human cytomegalovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus and its use for determining the effect of antiviral compounds on these virus-infected cells are reviewed. This is followed by a brief description of the use of flow cytometry for the analysis of several virus-infected cell systems, including blue tongue virus, hepatitis C virus, avian reticuloendotheliosis virus, African swine fever virus, woodchuck hepatitis virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, feline leukemia virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, and Friend murine leukemia virus. Finally, the use of flow cytometry for the rapid diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus in peripheral blood cells of acutely infected patients and the use of this technology to monitor patients on antiviral therapy are reviewed. Future prospects for the rapid diagnosis of in vivo viral and bacterial infections by flow cytometry are discussed.
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PMID:Uses of flow cytometry in virology. 753 May 94

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of DNA vaccination to protect chickens against reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) infection and to determine whether codon optimization and the woodchuck hepatitis virus posttranscriptional regulatory element (WPRE) could improve the immunogenicity of the DNA vaccines. The wild-type and codon-optimized gp90 genes of REV were cloned into pCAGGS vector, and designated as pCAGgp90 and pCAGoptigp90, respectively. Plasmids pCAGWgp90 and pCAGWoptigp90 containing WPRE were also constructed. To evaluate vaccine efficacy, 3-week-old specific pathogen free chickens were injected with the constructed plasmids twice at 3-week intervals and challenged with REV 3 weeks post boost. Plasmids pCAGoptigp90 and pCAGWgp90 elicited significantly higher humoral and cellular immune responses than pCAGgp90, while chickens immunized with pCAGWoptigp90 showed the highest immune responses among the groups. Chickens immunized with pCAGgp90, pCAGoptigp90, pCAGWgp90 or pCAGWoptigp90 had 53%, 67%, 73% or 87% protection, respectively, as evidenced by the absence of REV viremia, while the empty vector pCAGGS only conferred 13% protection against viremia. These results highlight the potential value of DNA vaccination in the prevention of REV infection and suggest that codon optimization and WPRE could increase the efficacy of DNA vaccines.
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PMID:Protection of chickens against reticuloendotheliosis virus infection by DNA vaccination. 2376 74

One hundred and five fowl adenovirus (FAdV) strains were isolated in China from 2015 to 2016 from poultry with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS). Polymerase chain reactions determined that 68 were FAdV species C, five were FAdV species D, two were FAdV species E, and 30 contained two or more different FAdV strains. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolated FAdV strains clustered into three major groups: FAdV-C, FAdV-D and FAdV-E. Based on a hexon gene sequencing analysis, these viruses were genetically related to FAdV-4, FAdV-7, FAdV-8b and FAdV-11, of which FAdV-4 was dominant (93% of the strains). An epidemiological analysis showed that FAdVs had been circulating in broilers, domestic chickens, and layers, and co-infections with other immunosuppressive pathogens, such as chicken infectious anaemia virus, Marek's disease virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus, were identified. To control FAdVs, strict biosecurity protection measures are necessary, and a continued surveillance of FAdVs is needed to increase our understanding of the epidemiology of the viruses that are associated with IBH and HPS.
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PMID:Epidemiological investigation of outbreaks of fowl adenovirus infections in commercial chickens in China. 2880 82

In poultry, fowl adenovirus (FAdV) and immunosuppressive virus co-infection is likely to cause decreased egg production, inclusion body hepatitis, and pericardial effusion syndrome. In this study, fowl adenovirus infection was found in parental and descendent generations of chickens. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dot blot hybridization to detect the infection of reticuloendotheliosis (REV), avian leukosis virus (ALV), and chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) in 480 plasma samples. The test samples were 34.58% FADV-positive, 22.29% REV-positive, 7.5% CAV-positive, and 0.63% ALV-positive. Sequence analysis showed that FADV belonged to serotype 7, which can cause inclusion body hepatitis. The ALV strain was ALV-A, in which the homology of gp85 gene and SDAU09C1 was 97.3%. The positive rate was lower because of the purification of avian leukemia, whereas the phylogenetic tree analysis of REV showed that the highest homology was with IBD-C1605, which was derived from a vaccine isolate. Through pathogen detection in poultry we present, to our knowledge, the first discovery of fowl adenovirus type 7 infection in parental chickens and found that there was co-infection of FAdV and several immunosuppressive viruses, such as the purified ALV and CIAV. This indicates that multiple infection of different viruses is ever-present, and more attention should be given in the diagnosis process.
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PMID:Co-infection of fowl adenovirus with different immunosuppressive viruses in a chicken flock. 2950 13