Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two patients abruptly developed congestive heart failure and elevation in serum transaminase levels when given disopyramide phosphate; enzyme abnormalities and hemodynamic status corrected upon withdrawal of the drug. Both patients had underlying ischemic cardiomyopathy. Myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and viral hepatitis were ruled out in both patients. One patient had a liver biopsy documenting central hepatic necrosis with congestion, consistent with hepatic ischemia and not toxic hepatitis. In the other patient, cardiac decompensation and hepatocellular enzyme elevation were reproduced on rechallenge with the drug. Disopyramide should be used with caution in patients with heart failure.
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PMID:Acute cardiac failure and hepatic ischemia induced by disopyramide phosphate. 722 41

In 1993, the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs received 1585 reports of suspected adverse reactions. The most important reports concerned myocardial infarction due to sumatriptan, cholestatic hepatitis due to itraconazole, agranulocytosis due to trazodone and bleeding due to fluoxetine and fluvoxamine. Other published reports concerned cholestatic hepatitis due to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, hair loss due to beta-blockers, muscle necrosis due to diclofenac, bronchospasm, apnoea and cardiac arrest due to dipyridamole perfusion scintigraphy, interaction of fluvoxamine/fluoxetine and coumarins, liver enzyme elevations due to heparin, skin reactions due to Imedeen, deafness due to neomycin, addiction to nicotine chewing gum, atrial fibrillation and skin reactions due to nicotine patches, interaction between oral contraceptives and terbinafine, neonatal problems caused by psychopharmacological agents, parapemphigus caused by sulfasalazine, taste loss due to terbinafine en intracranial bleeding after use of tranylcypromine and beer. Pharmacoepidemiological studies were performed concerning methods for record linkage, the communication process with respect to the acitretin alert and the adverse events due to sumatriptan.
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PMID:[Registration of suspected adverse effects by the Bureau Adverse Effects Drugs; research activities in 1993]. 796 79

The patient we describe developed a cholestatic hepatitis and an unusual threshold elevation of about 425%, coincidently, 5 weeks after pacemaker implantation. Lead dislocation, myocardial infarction or metabolic disorder could be excluded as a reason for the pacemaker complication. Neither a biliary obstruction nor an infection of the liver could be found to explain the liver injury. Most probably, both disorders were caused by propafenone (450 mg day-1), withdrawal of the drug resulted in normalization of elevated enzyme and threshold levels.
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PMID:Acute cholestatic hepatitis and the sudden rise of the pacing threshold 5 weeks after VVI-pacemaker implantation. 807 95

Women with many medical conditions need to plan their families with special care. For such women, the risk of complications with particular contraceptive methods is increased. Women with severe hypertension, a previous myocardial infarction or venous thromboembolism, or cerebrovascular stroke have a significant risk of problems in pregnancy, and should avoid the combined pill. The combined pill may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus and may worsen the severity of migrainous headaches in susceptible patients. Women with active hepatitis should wait for liver function tests to normalise before becoming pregnant or starting the combined pill or injectable progestogen. Control of epilepsy may deteriorate with use of the combined pill; this is probably because of the risk of drug interactions. Similarly, contraceptive control may also fail in women receiving rifampicin (rifampin) concurrently with contraceptive steroids. Intrauterine contraceptive devices should not be used in women who have experienced previous episodes of pelvic inflammatory disease, or with previous malignancy of the genital tract until complete cure is likely. Other conditions which may appear, become more common or worsen when the combined pill is prescribed include hepatic adenoma, gall bladder disease, ulcerative colitis, alopecia, hirsutism and acne. Some of these conditions are potentially hazardous to the woman's health, in which case combined pill use should be stopped. If the condition is unchanged then the combined pill may sometimes be reintroduced with caution.
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PMID:Contraceptive choice for women with 'risk factors'. 848 Dec 14

Niacin has been used for many years to treat hyperlipidemia. It has been shown to reduce coronary death and non-fatal myocardial infarction and, in a separate analysis of long-term (15-year) follow-up, all cause mortality. It reduces total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides and increases high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Sustained-release niacin may be associated with more dramatic changes in LDL-C and triglyceride, whereas the short acting preparation causes greater increases in HDL-C. The increase of HDL-C occurs at a lower dose (1500 mg/day) than the reduction of LDL-C (> 1500 mg/day). Niacin also favorably influences other lipid parameters including lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], alimentary lipemia, familial defective apolipoprotein B-100 and small dense LDL. Combination of niacin with a bile acid sequestrant or a reductase inhibitor represents a powerful lipid-altering regimen. Whereas the reductase inhibitors and bile acid binding resins primarily affect LDL-C, the combined therapy has a synergistic effect to reduce LDL-C and, in addition, the niacin reduces triglycerides and increases HDL-C. The major drawback in the use of niacin is associated side effects (flushing and palpitations) and toxicity (worsening of diabetes control, exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease, gout, hepatitis). Niacin has a long history of use as a lipid lowering agent and has several attractive features. Unfortunately, the side effect profile of this agent warrants its use only in patients with marked dyslipidemia in whom side effects and potential toxicity are closely monitored.
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PMID:New developments in the use of niacin for treatment of hyperlipidemia: new considerations in the use of an old drug. 885 85

Oxidative stress is defined as a disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former and has been suggested to be a relevant factor in aging as well as in different pathological conditions, such as heart attack, diabetes, and cancer. Ubiquinol is very sensitive against oxygen radicals and gives ubiquinone as an oxidation product. Therefore, the ratio of ubiquinol to ubiquinone should be a good marker of oxidative stress because of its definition. A method for the simultaneous detection of ubiquinol-10 and ubiquinone-10 in human plasma is described. Heparinized human plasma was mixed with 5 volumes of methanol and 10 volumes of hexane. After vigorous shaking and centrifugation, the hexane phase (5 microliters) was injected immediately and directly on to reverse-phase HPLC equipped with an on-line reduction column and an electrochemical detector in order to avoid the oxidation of ubiquinol to ubiquinone. It was found that the ratio of ubiquinol-10 to ubiquinone-10 was about 95/5 in human plasma from healthy donors. A significant increase in the oxidized form (ubiquinone-10) content was observed in plasmas of patients with hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatoma when compared with normal subjects, suggesting increased oxidative stress in these patients.
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PMID:Plasma ratio of ubiquinol and ubiquinone as a marker of oxidative stress. 926 9

The patients with chronic congestive heart failure and acute deterioration of heart failure (pulmonary oedema, significant reduction of blood pressure) have decrease liver's perfusion with signs of acute damage of liver's cells--ischemic hepatitis. Aspat, AIAT and LDH in blood rich very high level. The level of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and glucose increase slightly. Hepatotoxic viruses are never observed. The authors described a case of 34 years old man, who two years earlier had large myocardial infarction with aneurysm of heart and congestive heart failure. He was admitted to hospital in shock. The shock was caused probably by overdose of nitroglycerin. In ECG and Echo examinations he had no signs of acute myocardial infarction, but we observed serious damage of liver's cells with very high levels of AspAT, AIAT and LDH. Based on clinical and biochemical examinations we diagnosed ischemic hepatitis. The patient's clinical and biochemical tests were normalized after improvement of heart failure. Biopsy of liver was normal at that time. Prognosis in ischemic hepatitis depends on course of heart failure.
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PMID:[Ischemic hepatitis]. 952 68

Ions hydrogene concentration in fluids and tissues is one of the strict regulated physiological organism variables. Most common man and animal diseases are accompanied with compensated acid-base balance shift development. But diagnosis of metabolic acidosis and alkalosis with blood indices (pH, pCO2, HCO3) doesn't reflect true tissue condition that is connected not only with respiratory and excretion system functioning but with hypercompensation of metabolic processes. Excess organic acid formation in case of metabolic alkalosis formation in tissues directed to support pH leads to acidification, what brings an essential mistake in pathogenesis understanding of such diseases as cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiac disease, myocardial infarction, hepatitis, collagenosis, caries, peptic ulcer, macula dystrophy, atherosclerosis, virus diseases, radiation damages. Ignorance primary tissue damages doesn't allow to conduct necessary preventive measures and to cure disease. It is suggested to assess development of metabolic acidosis and alkalosis by compensated changes of regulation acid-base homeostasis system, which is the basis of all future damages and development of different diseases against this background.
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PMID:[An assessment of acid-base imbalance in body tissues and fluids]. 1043 99

To outline the recent features of methamphetamine-related fatalities from the medico-legal point of view, a retrospective investigation of forensic autopsy cases involving methamphetamine during a 5-year period (1994-1998) in the southern half of Osaka city and surrounding areas (about 1.57 million population) was undertaken. Among 646 autopsy cases, methamphetamine was detected in 15 victims (nine males, six females; 16-71 years of age; most frequently in males in their thirties). Primary scenes of fatal events were concentrated in the middle of the city. About half of them were transferred from emergency medical centers (survival time, up to 30 h). The cause and manner of death were: methamphetamine poisoning (n=4), homicide (n=4), accidental falls and aspiration from drug abuse (n=4), fire death (n=1), myocardial infarction (n=1), and cerebral hemorrhage (n=1) under drug influence. Usually injection scars and fresh puncture sites were found. Blood methamphetamine concentrations were 2.29-17.05 micromol/dl in the fatal poisoning, 0. 44-3.80 micromol/dl in deaths from other extrinsic causes (trauma), and 1.35-2.17 micromol/dl in cardio- and cerebrovascular strokes. Common complications were cardiomyopathy, cerebral perivasculitis and liver cirrhosis/interstitial hepatitis. Fatal and nonfatal methamphetamine poisonings are separately dealt with by the administrative medical examiner's office and in emergency medical centers. Tightly cooperative approaches of clinical and medico-legal experts are required for the effective social and medical management of drug abuse.
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PMID:Methamphetamine-related fatalities in forensic autopsy during 5 years in the southern half of Osaka city and surrounding areas. 1097 60

The paper presents patterns of medical admissions into the intensive care unit of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) over an eight-year period from September 1990 to August 1998. Medical admission constituted 15% out of which 1% received surgery for medical complications. Patients with neurological diseases recorded the highest number of admission most of them being for tetanus. The commonest indication for admission was for respiratory insufficiency (33%). All the patients admitted for sub arachnoid haemorrhage, fulminant hepatitis, meningitis and motor neurone disease died. The least mortality was found amongst patients admitted for tetanus who constituted about 44% of the total number of medical admissions. The overall mortality rate was 69% and it was observed that the ages of the patients did not appear to affect the outcome except in patients who were admitted for myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. This study emphasizes the need to evolve a system of health evaluation of predicting the survival index of individual patients. There is an urgent need for proper training, motivation of staff and maintenance of equipment used in the ICU.
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PMID:Medical admission into the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. 1192 24


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