Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The excretion of cellular per litre of urine amounted in healthy persons to, in round figures, one million epithelial cells (2.5 cells per visual field) in both sexes, one million leukocytes in males, one million erythrocytes in females and 0.5 million in males. The maximal excretion was calculated to be 5-6 million per litre. In acute infections the number of epithelial cells and leukocytes in the urine rose to more than the double. Pathological microscopic haematuria, judged by exceeding of the maximal value for normal excretion during the acute phase (24 or more erythrocytes per visual field), occurred in no case of mycoplasma infection, in about 4% of measles, mononucleosis, serous meningitis and hepatitis cases, in about 8% of mumps and streptococcal infections, and in more than 20% of influenza A2 cases. Statistical significance or probable significant existed between influenza and other diseases. The haematuria was unrelated either to the general degenerative or to the specific inclusion-provocative reaction within the renal and urinary tract epithelium. The cause is sought in an involvement of glomeruli with increased diapedesis. The special position of influenza may be explained by the marked haemorrhagic reactions produced by this infection. In one case persistent haematuria combined with increased content of inclusion-bearing cells occurred after influenza. Immunoglobulin deposition in glomerular mesangium may perhaps be one explanation of this haematuria.
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PMID:Cellular elements in the urine in health and in acute infectious diseases, especially with respect to the presence of haematuria. A study with application of millipore procedure and Papanicolaou staining. 5 90

A 35 year old previously healthy physician had clinical manifestations of a mononucleosis illness complicated by arthralgia, vesicular pharyngitis and hepatitis. Initially, the patient had cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia (predominantly in polymorphonuclear leukocytes) followed by the presence of CMV in the urine, throat and semen. He also had an antibody response to the Epstein-Barr virus which appeared to be a secondary type. During the acute phase of illness, only 7 per cent of the patient's lymphocytes formed spontaneous T cell rosettes as compared to a normal value of 65 to 70 per cent. Concurrently, evidence of abnormal delayed hypersensitivity was manifested by the loss of reactivity to mumps skin test antigen. All clinical and laboratory abnormalities except for the persistence of CMV in the pharynx, urine and semen returned to normal after resolution of the clinical illness.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus mononucleosis in a healthy adult: association with hepatitis, secondary Epstein-Barr Virus antibody response and immunosuppression. 19 Aug 84

In the Tri-State Leukemia Survey, the history of diseases in 605 adult male leukemia cases 15 years and older and in 668 adult male population controls was examined. These diseases occurred at least 1 year before leukemia was diagnosed. The data were based on respondents' answers that the disease was diagnosed by a physician; the respondent was either the subject or his spouse. Of 30 diseases studied, 7 showed an excess among the patients with leukemia: infectious hepatitis, eczema, psoriasis, diabetes, arthritis and rheumatism, heart disease, and ankylosing spondylitis. Mumps had a lower reported occurrence among the cases, whereas pneumonia was less frequent in acute lymphatic cases than in population controls. Three diseases occurred significantly less in controls than in persons with specific histologic types of leukemia. Our data revealed a more frequent history of herpes zoster (shingles) in chronic lymphatic leukemia, more hives in acute chronic myeloid cases, and meningitis in acute myeloid leukemia. When we only considered the patients' responses, more of them admitted having had acne than did our controls. The remaining diseases--childhood viral diseases, infectious mononucleosis, smallpox, typhoid fever, dysentery, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, asthma, hay fever, and goiter did not occur more frequently in cases than in controls. The findings were consistent with evidence from previous laboratory and clinical studies. The increased occurrence of infectious hepatitis in our case series is consistent with the findings of other studies showing an increased frequency of Australia antigen in patients with hepatitis, leukemia, and Down's syndrome.
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PMID:Epidemiology of diseases in adult males with leukemia. 99 1

One of the most important aspects of preparing travelers for destinations throughout the world is providing them with immunizations. Before administering any vaccines, however, a careful health and immunization history and travel itinerary should be obtained in order to determine vaccine indications and contraindications. There are three categories of immunizations for foreign travel. The first category includes immunizations which are routinely recommended whether or not the individual is traveling. Many travelers are due for primary vaccination or boosting against tetanus-diphtheria, measles-mumps-rubella, pneumococcal pneumonia, and influenza, for example, and the pre-travel visit is an ideal time to administer these. The second category are immunizations which might be required by a country as a condition for entry; these are yellow fever and cholera. The final category contains immunizations which are recommended because there is a risk of acquiring a particular disease during travel. Typhoid fever, meningococcal disease, rabies, and hepatitis are some examples. Travelers who are pregnant or who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus require special consideration. Provision of appropriate immunizations for foreign travel is an important aspect of preventing illness in travelers.
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PMID:Immunizations for foreign travel. 133 7

The purpose of this study was to examine and to compare the type of information requested on representative health history questionnaires commonly used by the dental profession. Samples of medical history questionnaires were obtained from American and Canadian dental schools, commercial vendors, and the American Dental Association. Results indicated that more than 140 questions have been included on questionnaires and more than 92% of these appeared in some type of yes-or-no format. The number of questions per form ranged from 32 to 88, with an average of 58 items. Although there was wide variation in the range of information requested, the 25 most frequently asked questions occurred in 70% of the forms. The majority of questions focused on noninfectious disease conditions that affect the cardiovascular system and major organ functions, allergies, and blood disorders; infectious diseases such as hepatitis, tuberculosis, mumps, and venereal disease; and health care status and special treatment considerations.
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PMID:Survey of the medical history questionnaire. 140 9

A peptide-nucleic acid solution which had previously been reported to show in vivo efficacy in several viral infections (i.e. influenza, hepatitis, mumps, encephalitis, etc) was tested in three independent laboratories, including the US National Institutes of Health by specific in vitro methods for HIV and Influenza A. The results of these studies demonstrated significant anti-viral activity of the peptide-nucleic acid solution against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Influenza A virus.
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PMID:In vitro antiviral activity of a peptide-nucleic acid solution against the human immunodeficiency virus and influenza A virus. 172 67

In developing countries, every year about 70 million measles cases occur with 1.5 million deaths, over 200,000 children contract paralytic poliomyelitis, 50 million people get infected with viral B hepatitis causing over 1 million deaths, and several thousand people perish because of yellow fever according to WHO data. At the present time, there are 12 vaccines against viruses: vaccines against German measles and mumps in addition to the above. The universal immunization program (UIP) of WHO targets measles and polio. In 1989, a WHO resolution envisioned a 90% immunization coverage by the year 2000. Measles vaccination is recommended for children aged 9-23 months, since most children have maternal antibodies during the first 3-13 months of age. The Edmonston-Zagreb vaccine provided seroconversion of 92, 96, and 98% for 18 months vs. the 66, 76, and 91% rate of the Schwarz vaccine. In the US, measles incidence increased from 1497 cases in 1983 to 6382 cases in 1988 to over 14,000 cases in 1989, prompting second vaccination in children of school age. The highest incidence of polio was registered in Southeast Asia, although it declined from 1 case/100,000 population in 1975 to .5/100,000 in 1988. Oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) provides protection: there is only 1 case/2.5 million vaccinations. Hepatitis B has infected over 2 billion people. About 300 million are carriers, with a prevalence of 20% in African, Asian, and Pacific region populations. Plasmatic and bioengineered recombinant vaccine type have been used in 30 million people. The first dose is given postnatally, the second at 1-2 months of age, and the 3rd at 1 year of age. Yellow fever vaccine was 50 years old in 1988, yet during 1986-1988 there were 5395 cases with 3172 deaths in Africa and South America. Vaccination provides 90-95% seroconversion, and periodic follow-up vaccinations under UIP could eradicate these infections and their etiologic agents.
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PMID:[The control of viral diseases in the developing countries with the use of existing vaccines]. 175 32

Immunity status to measles, mumps, rubella and type B hepatitis (HB) viruses was studied in a cohort of 83 teen-agers (13-14 years). The vaccination against these agents is optional in Italy. Out of 83 subjects none had been vaccinated against measles, mumps and HB viruses, while 31 had had rubella vaccination. The percentage of seronegative adolescents was 2% for measles, 25% for mumps and 10% for rubella among unvaccinated teen-agers. These data suggest that even adolescent could be a target for rubella and mumps vaccination. On the contrary HBV does not appear to circulate extensively in the early years of life, so there is no need to extend the vaccination outside the risk groups. The presence of antibodies to measles, mumps and rubella viruses correlated very well with the anamnestic recall referred by the mothers. On the contrary for rubella and mumps viruses there was a high proportion of seropositive subjects with a negative history of disease. Therefore in the population under study asymptomatic infections with rubella and mumps viruses should have been rather frequent.
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PMID:[Evaluation of the immune status against the viruses of measles, mumps, rubella, and hepatitis B in a cohort of students from the province of Como]. 248 99

A case of epidemic parotiditis in an adult male affected by Reiter's syndrome, is presented. The symptoms of Reiter's syndrome lasting 3 months after the recovery from epidemic parotiditis. Although descriptions of Reiter's syndrome of viral origin (adenovirus or hepatitis virus) exist, we have not found references of a relation to epidemic parotiditis. The diagnosis criteria of this syndrome is discussed, as well as the study of the epidemic parotiditis. We review the existing theories in order to justify the multiple etiology of this interesting syndrome.
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PMID:[Epidemic parotitis and Reiter's syndrome]. 249 Oct 50

The incidence of hepatitis, mumps, poliomyelitis, scarlet fever, pertussis and measles from 1954 to 1984 was studied from the annual records of infectious diseases. Fluctuations were evaluated by Fourier analysis. Periodic recurrency was detected for poliomyelitis, scarlet fever, pertussis and measles and was likely for mumps. The asynchronic fluctuation of the proportion of cases and susceptible individuals is considered to be the origin of this phenomenon. Observed fluctuations corresponded to those predicted by the models.
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PMID:[Ecologic dynamics of infectious diseases. II. Periodic recurrence of epidemics]. 264 30


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