Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pale chicks with necrotic dermatitis, small bursas of Fabricius (BFs), small thymuses, pale bone marrow, and watery blood were suspected of having parvovirus-like virus- (PVLV) associated disease. Histologic lesions included atrophy or hypoplasia of thymuses and BFs, and septic necrotizing clostridial dermatitis and hepatitis. Clostridium perfringens was cultured from skin and liver. A PVLV was isolated in a Marek's disease tumor cell line (MDCC-MSB1) culture and was identified by physicochemical, immunofluorescent, and morphologic features. This isolate was named GA-1 PVLV. Specific-antibody-negative chicks and embryos infected with heat- or chloroform-treated GA-1 PVLV developed anemia at the same rate. Control chicks never were anemic. This is the first isolation of PVLV from clinically ill chickens in the United States and the first report of PVLV-induced anemia in chickens in the Western Hemisphere.
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PMID:Infectious anemia caused by a parvovirus-like virus in Georgia broilers. 254 35

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of histopathological lesions in the different organs in relation to the commercial-type and the age of birds (i.e. broiler chickens and layers). During the period 1999-2010 a total of 189 cases was submitted to the Division of Animal Pathomorphology, Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics at WULS. Most cases were found in broiler chickens (66.7%). The majority of the histopathological lesions were detected in the liver and lymphoid organs. In of 29% cases of hepatic injury pathognomonic lesions associated with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) were found. The mean age of birds was 23 days. Among IBH cases proventriculitis (58%) was more often found than gizzard lesions (25.8%). Interestingly, we noted some intranuclear inclusions in the epithelial cells within the proventriculus. A low percentage of histopathological evidence of infectious bursal disease (IBD) was reported in chickens. The gastrointestinal tract was the second most frequent predilection site for histopathological lesions. Histopathological findings within the heart and lungs were less common and were more often seen in the upper respiratory tract. Cases of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) were registered in broiler chickens (3.2%, mean age 37 days) and in layers (4.8%; mean age 196 days). Lesions associated with Marek's disease, avian leukosis and fowl pox were recognized only in layers, respectively in 3.2% (mean age 176 days), 1.6% (mean age 205 days) and 1.1% (mean age 196 days) of all cases. Avian encephalomyelitis (AE) was noted only in 0.5% of all cases.
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PMID:Histopathology in diagnosis of broiler chicken and layer diseases--review of cases 1999-2010. 2339 Jul 69

In the present study, avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) and serotype-1 strains of Marek's disease virus (MDV-1) were detected from a flock of 27-wk-old brown layer hens in China, accompanied by an average daily mortality of 0.44%. Postmortem examination of 25 sick hens and five apparently healthy hens selected randomly from the flock showed significant pathologic changes consistent with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome (HSS), including hepatomegaly, peritoneal fluid, and hepatic subcapsular hemorrhages. Microscopic examination of these livers showed multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and mild lymphocytic infiltration. These liver samples were investigated for HEV by reverse-transcription PCR. The overall detection rate of HEV RNA in samples of sick chickens was about 56% (14/25), while in samples from apparently healthy hens, it was 80% (4/5). Sequencing analysis of three 242-base-pair fragments of the helicase gene revealed 95.5% to 97.9% nucleotide identity compared with published avian HEV genotype 3, whereas identities demonstrated only 77.3% to 86.0% similarity when compared with genotypes 1, 2, and 4. Unexpectedly, the MDV meq gene was detected in livers from both apparently healthy chickens (2/5) and sick chickens (12/25) by PCR analysis. The meq gene (396 base pairs) was determined to belong to MDV-1 by further sequencing. The co-infection rate of avian HEV and MDV in this flock was 30% (9/30). This is the first report of dual infection of a nonenvelope RNA virus (HEV) with a herpesvirus (MDV) in chickens in China.
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PMID:Natural Infection with Avian Hepatitis E Virus and Marek's Disease Virus in Brown Layer Chickens in China. 2761 Jul 34

The fowl adenovirus field strain FAdV-JSN-5/10j (GenBank accession number KP879219) was isolated from the intestine of a 7-week-old chicken diagnosed with inclusion body hepatitis and simultaneously with Marek's disease, and for that reason, it was chosen for molecular study. It was identified as fowl adenovirus genotype 7 (species Fowl aviadenovirus E) based on nucleotide sequence analysis of the loop L1 region of the hexon gene. Nucleotide sequence alignment of this strain, FAdV-7 reference strains B-3A ATCC VR-832 (AF339922) and YR36 (AF508955), and eight additional FAdV-7 field strains confirmed its classification as FAdV-JS-5/10j and showed that these viruses are very similar to each other. Additionally, we described mutations and their influence on the amino acid sequence, nucleotide composition, and relative synonymous codon usage. Immunofluorescence of cell cultures infected with 104.5 TCID 50 per 0.1-ml dose of the FAdV-JSN-5/10j strain demonstrated the presence of a cytopathic effect. Infection of fowl with adenoviruses raises concerns for poultry production, and thus, the efficient detection of adenovirus infection is crucial. This is the first attempt to describe the molecular characteristics of FadV-7 strains isolated in Poland.
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PMID:Molecular characterisation of fowl adenovirus type 7 isolated from poultry associated with inclusion body hepatitis in Poland. 2816 Jan 43

One hundred and five fowl adenovirus (FAdV) strains were isolated in China from 2015 to 2016 from poultry with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS). Polymerase chain reactions determined that 68 were FAdV species C, five were FAdV species D, two were FAdV species E, and 30 contained two or more different FAdV strains. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolated FAdV strains clustered into three major groups: FAdV-C, FAdV-D and FAdV-E. Based on a hexon gene sequencing analysis, these viruses were genetically related to FAdV-4, FAdV-7, FAdV-8b and FAdV-11, of which FAdV-4 was dominant (93% of the strains). An epidemiological analysis showed that FAdVs had been circulating in broilers, domestic chickens, and layers, and co-infections with other immunosuppressive pathogens, such as chicken infectious anaemia virus, Marek's disease virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus, were identified. To control FAdVs, strict biosecurity protection measures are necessary, and a continued surveillance of FAdVs is needed to increase our understanding of the epidemiology of the viruses that are associated with IBH and HPS.
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PMID:Epidemiological investigation of outbreaks of fowl adenovirus infections in commercial chickens in China. 2880 82