Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An infant with chronic cytomegalovirus hepatitis and a child with atypical Alagille's syndrome had vitamin D deficiency rickets due to malabsorption. Both received ultraviolet irradiation. This treatment corrected biochemical abnormalities and healed the rickets. In the infant use of a sunlamp at home maintained normal 25 hydroxy-vitamin D for over a year. Our study shows that ultraviolet irradiation is an effective treatment of hepatobiliary rickets.
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PMID:Ultraviolet irradiation for hepatic rickets. 254 10

Since antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) specific to primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) recognise enterobacterial proteins and can be induced by R(rough)-mutants of enterobacteriaceae a study was done to find out the prevalence of enterobacterial R-forms in stool samples of patients with chronic inflammatory liver diseases. Liver biopsy specimens were also examined for lipid A, a common antigenic component of the cell wall in gram-negative bacteria. In all stool samples from the 21 patients with PBC Escherichia coli R-forms constituted up to half of the total amount of E coli. In contrast E coli R-forms were detectable in the stools of only 1 healthy control (n = 20), and in 25% of patients with other cholestatic diseases (n = 10), chronic hepatitis type B (n = 15), type non-A, non-B hepatitis (n = 15), or chronic pancreatitis and fat malabsorption (n = 8). An immunoblot technique showed that E coli R-forms isolated from patients' stools contained PBC-specific AMA-reactive proteins with molecular weights of 70-80 kD and 50 kD. Deposits of lipid A, located primarily in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, were found in 11 patients with PBC but not in the liver of patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Circulating antibodies against lipid A were found rarely and in low titres. The data support the hypothesis that intestinal enterobacterial R-forms are aetiologically important in PBC and that antigens released from the bacterial cell wall contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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PMID:Relation between Escherichia coli R(rough)-forms in gut, lipid A in liver, and primary biliary cirrhosis. 257 61

The prognosis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is generally good, although premature death occurs in a subset of children. Secondary infections, chronic amyloidosis, and heart disease have been reported as common causes. Our experience indicates that JRA can also herald the development of a severe immune enteropathy. In the case presented, typical JRA was followed by fulminant hepatitis; skin rashes; recurrent, severe, watery diarrhea; malabsorption; and ultimately death. Biopsies of the small bowel exposed to the patient's serum revealed deposition of complement and immunoglobulins in the epithelium. Although not widely appreciated, JRA can herald a multisystem syndrome characterized by severe immune enteropathy.
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PMID:Fatal multisystem disease with immune enteropathy heralded by juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 270 56

The aim of the present work was to perform a prospective analysis of the significance of macrocytic red cells through the study of all patients with MCV higher than 105 fl (those treated with cytotoxic or immunosuppressing drugs were excluded). Conventional clinical, haematologic and biochemical studies were carried out on every patient, along with B12 and folate levels, bone marrow examination and bone marrow karyotype and, whenever B12 deficiency was present, complete Schilling's test. Special attention was paid to the aetiological inquiry and post-therapeutical course. A series of 109 patients was collected. Decreased serum B12 rates with abnormal Schilling's test and response to parenteral therapy were present in 26 cases (24%). Of them, 22 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for Biermer's anaemia, while in the remaining 4 there was impaired intestinal absorption. Serum or red-cell folate deficiency was found in 34 other cases (31%). Alcoholism was present in 20 of them, abnormal diet in 10, malabsorption syndrome in 2, and excessive demands in 2 others. Hence, vitamin deficiency underlay macrocytosis in 60/109 cases (55%). In the remaining 49 cases (45%) macrocytosis was not accompanying folate or B12 deficiency. Of these, severe liver disease was found in 16 patients (alcoholic in 15 and post-hepatitis in 1 case), with increased serum B12 in 10 cases and increased serum or erythrocytic folate in 3 others. Nineteen patients within this group had primary myelodysplastic syndromes (RA, 8; SRA, 4; RAEB, 7), and the remaining 14 cases had several haematological (AIHA, 4; CLL, 1, T-cell lymphoma 1, M-6, 1, and myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, 2) or non-haematological diseases (heart insufficiency, 2; COPD,3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Hematologic significance of erythrocytic macrocytosis: prospective analysis of 109 successively studied cases]. 271 Dec 82

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) or hypogammaglobulinemia is a heterogeneous primary immunodeficiency disease in which B cells produce little or no antibody. Since the disease is relatively rare and the spectrum of associated illnesses is broad, patients are given care by a variety of specialists. Thus it has been difficult to determine the incidence of specific complications. In these studies we analyzed 103 consecutively referred CVI patients of age range 3-71 years (average, 29 years) who were followed for a period of 1-13 years (total of 750 patient years). The average serum IgG was 174.4 mg/dl for untreated patients and 301 mg/dl for patients treated with intramuscular immunoglobulin at the time of the first visit. The average IgA was 14.5, and the average IgM was 80.7, with no difference between or after immunoglobulin treatment. About one-half of the patients had T-cell dysfunction, but lymphocyte stimulation responses were inversely related to age, which implies worsened T-cell immunity with age. Serum IgG and IgA levels were found to be statistically associated (P = 0.008), and serum IgG was related to lymphocyte stimulation with concanavalin A (P = 0.01). By 1986, 79 patients were alive, 23 had died, and 1 could not be located. Recurrent bacterial illnesses were common to all patients, and 22% had developed chronic lung disease, 22% autoimmune disease, 15% cancer, 13% hepatitis, and 9% malabsorption. Autoimmune disease was more common in females, and cancer was more likely to develop in the fifth and sixth decades. In 11% of the group, other family members were found to be immunodeficient (hypogammaglobulinemic or IgA deficient). Nine patients died of respiratory insufficiency (with or without other complications), and seven patients died of cancer. These data provide valuable information about the immunologic abnormalities and the spectrum and frequency of illnesses associated with hypogammaglobulinemia.
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PMID:Clinical and immunologic analyses of 103 patients with common variable immunodeficiency. 278 95

Infectious mononucleosis, a systemic illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, is seen frequently by primary care physicians. Mononucleosis affects several organ systems, and, within the abdomen, there can be splenic involvement, hepatitis, mesenteric lymphadenopathy, hyperplasia of gut-associated lymphoid tissue, pancreatitis, and transient malabsorption. Life-threatening abdominal complications require prompt recognition and intervention. Other abdominal complications, though worrisome, are usually short-lived and resolve without sequelae.
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PMID:Abdominal complications of infectious mononucleosis. 305 95

We describe a patient who underwent inadvertent gastroileostomy, and subsequently developed malabsorption, granulomatous hepatitis, arthritis, and reactivation of tuberculosis accompanied by circulating immune complexes and lowered C1q. Surgical correction resulted in marked improvement, with disappearance of arthritis, return to normal of complement levels, and absence of demonstrable circulating immune complexes. Arthritis has not been documented in the spectrum of abnormalities described after gastroileostomy.
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PMID:"Bypass arthritis" after gastroileostomy. 337 26

One fifth of all cases of A virus hepatitis (AVH) have symptoms of gastroenteritis at the onset. This study investigated the mediated intestinal absorption of D-xylose (D-xyl) and 3-o-methyl-D-glucose (3-omG) and the non-mediated permeation of lactulose (Lacl, mol wt 342) and L-rhamnose (L-rh, mol wt 164) during acute and remission phases of AVH. Ten patients with AVH were given an oral load containing these sugars (5 g D-xyl: 2.5 g 3-omG, 1 g L-rh, 5 g lacl in 250 ml water) once during the acute phase and again during remission. The same load was given once to a group of 22 healthy controls. The mean concentration of D-xyl in urine and the ratio of D-xyl to 3-omG in plasma and urine were normal in both the AVH phases, ruling out intestinal malabsorption even in the acute phase. This study showed a significant increase in non-mediated permeation to Lacl, but not to L-rh, during the acute phase. These data indicate that the barrier function of the intestine is compromised in AVH infection while the absorptive function is not. An abnormally low concentration of D-xyl and 3-omG in plasma at one hour was found in all patients during the acute phase. This finding cannot be explained by alterations in intestinal absorption, but could be accounted for by increased space distribution of the sugars because of increased diffusion into tissue cells and/or expansion of the extracellular space by fluid retention.
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PMID:Investigation of intestine function during acute viral hepatitis using combined sugar oral loads. 342 69

Mammalian reoviruses are connected with a variety of humans diseases, including gastroenteritis, malabsorption and hepatitis. Recently, reovirus-3 was found to be associated with neonatal biliary atresia. We describe a technique for the rapid isolation and identification of reovirus-3. Mouse fibroblasts (L 929 cells) were grown in monolayers in a RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% calf serum. The cytopathic effects were visualized by the rounding of the L 929 cells and the appearance of fine granulation in the cytoplasm 48 h after the infection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed swelling and rounding of the infected cells, diminished chromatin in the nuclei, and the absence of mitoses. The immunohistochemical staining by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique was positive in the infected monolayers of the L 929 cells. The positive staining was limited to cytoplasmic inclusions, which were surrounded by a halo and sometimes by vacuoles. We conclude that the described technique is useful for the rapid isolation and identification of reovirus-3.
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PMID:Rapid isolation and identification of reovirus-3. 368 Apr 64

We made clinical and immunologic observations of 30 children with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia. The mean age at diagnosis was 10.5 years, five years after clinical onset. Diagnosis was initially made based on a history of recurrent otobronchopulmonary infections, diarrhea, or both. The most common complications included short stature, bronchiectasis, and malabsorption, often associated with giardiasis or sprue. Nine patients had associated autoimmune diseases (eg, atrophic gastritis, arthritis, and hemolytic anemia). Three patients died, one of chronic respiratory insufficiency, one of chronic persisting hepatitis, and one of osteogenic sarcoma. Humoral and cellular immune functions of all patients were examined.
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PMID:Common variable hypogammaglobulinemia in children. Clinical and immunologic observations in 30 patients. 660 51


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