Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

(1 --> 3)- beta - D -Glucan ( beta -glucan), a fungal cell wall component existing in plasma was measured by the kinetic turbidimetric limulus test. Here 3 reported cases have proven the clinical usefulness of plasma beta -glucan. Case 1: A 46-year-old female with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was admitted for severe hepatitis type B in June 1997. During hospitalization, the fever rose with no response to antibiotics and with a negative blood culture. Although the plasma beta -glucan concentration was high, the patient was administered with antimycotics (fluconazole; FLCZ) and she showed some signs of improvement. Case 2: A 52-year-old male with jaundice was hospitalized in November 1997. The third day following the operation on the pancreas head carcinoma, the body temperature rose higher with a negative blood culture. The fourth day, the plasma beta -glucan concentration was positive with negative endotoxin. As some improvements were obserbed from taking FLCZ, he was discharged in January 1998. Case 3: A 19-year-old male with epilepsy was hospitalized for ARDS in August 1997. A butterfly-like shadow was observed in the chest roentgenogram (suspected malignant lymphoma). The high titer of beta -glucan has continued and endotoxin was detected. The symptoms showed some signs of improvement and the titer of beta -glucan reduced with FLCZ. Although a high level of beta -glucan still remained, the patient was discharged, but has to under go regular follow-up examinations. The measurment of beta -glucan proved very useful not only as a diagnosis for the screening of deep mycosis but also as monitoring for therapies.
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PMID:[The Clinical Significance of Plasma] 1003 84

The present study aimed to describe the clinical manifestations of celiac sprue related to malnutrition and to analyze the associations between celiac sprue and other diagnoses. A case-control study compared the occurrence of comorbid diagnoses in case and control subjects with and without celiac sprue, respectively. All patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of celiac sprue (ICD-579.0) who were discharged from hospitals of the Department of Veterans Affairs between 1986 and 1995 were selected as case subjects. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the occurrence of celiac disease served as outcome variable, while age, gender, ethnicity, and the comorbid occurrences of other diagnoses served as predictor variables. A total of 458 individual patients with celiac sprue were identified. The data confirmed the known associations of celiac sprue with dermatitis herpetiformis, lactase deficiency, enlargement of lymph nodes, and lymphoma. Celiac sprue was also found to be statistically significantly associated with pancreatic insufficiency, Crohn's disease, functional bowel symptoms, chronic nonalcoholic hepatitis, and pulmonary eosinophilia. The nutritional manifestations associated with celiac disease included nutritional marasmus, cachexia, weight loss, hypocalcemia, osteoporosis, vitamin B-complex deficiency, and various types of iron- and vitamin-deficiency anemias. The large variety of complex associations clearly indicates that celiac sprue is a systemic disease that involves multiple organs and exceeds an isolated nutritional intolerance to gluten.
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PMID:Celiac sprue among US military veterans: associated disorders and clinical manifestations. 1023 5

Reactivation of chronic hepatitis B in patients receiving cytotoxic treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is well documented. We report a case of a patient with chronic hepatitis B who was treated by chemotherapy because of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. After the second cycle of chemotherapy she developed a severe flare-up of hepatitis B. Liver biopsy revealed highly active hepatitis and confluent necroses. Within 3 weeks, the patient recovered spontaneously. Prophylactic treatment with lamivudine (Epivir,Glaxo-Wellcome, 150 mg b.i.d.) led to a decrease of HBV-DNA below the detection limit. Further chemotherapy was administered and autologous stem cell transplantation was successfully performed without another reactivation of hepatitis B. Antiviral treatment was stopped 16 weeks after stem cell retransfusion. So far, no further flare-up of hepatitis B has occurred and the patient's lymphoma has not relapsed. Thus, the case described here indicates a possible role of lamivudine in preventing hepatitis B flare-up during antineoplastic chemotherapy. We suggest that lamivudine be considered for prophylaxis against fulminant hepatitis in patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing high-dose antineoplastic therapy.
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PMID:Prevention of hepatitis B flare-up during chemotherapy using lamivudine: case report and review of the literature. 1039 Nov 7

AIDS is frequently expressed through gastrointestinal o abdominal symptoms. In addition, patients with AIDS or ARC frequently have hepatic and biliary symptoms, while pancreatic alterations are found in 4-30% of patients hospitalised for AIDS. Since AIDS patients are immunodepressed, they are subject to opportunistic infection often multifocal and the pathological processes can be present simultaneously. About 2/3 of patients have enlarged liver, steatosis, splenomegaly, lymphoadenopathy, cholecystic and biliary tract abnormalities, alterations of liver function tests, and abdominal discomfort in the upper right quadrant. Jaundice is rare and hepatic failure is not common. Hepatic biopsy is often necessary to establish the diagnosis. The hepatic localisation of an opportunistic pathogenic agent is generally a sign of systemic dissemination which is expressed as granulomatous hepatitis (atypical mycobacteria, frequently mycobacterium avium, or M. tuberculosis representing the reactivation of latent diseases), peliosis hepatis, infection from CMV, HSV, EBV, Pneumocystis carinii, and mycotic infections. Coinfections with the hepatic virus (HBV, HDV, HCV) are also often present. Pharmacological damage may also be present (mainly caused by antibiotic therapies). Neoplasia are rare (hepatic Kaposi's sarcoma associated with cutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations, or generally metastatic lymphoma). Damage of the biliary tract usually develops after other manifestations of the illness; the most frequent pictures are cholestatic syndromes and cholangitis, while cholecystitis and jaundice are rare. Pancreatic lesions are generally asymptomatic. They are diagnosed during autopsy and are caused principally by opportunistic agents.
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PMID:[Hepatic and pancreatic disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)]. 1051 57

Development of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a major complication of organ transplantation. While immune mechanisms seem to play a major role in the development of PTLD, how the immune system contributes to the process of PTLD development or its regression remains unknown. Between 1990-1994, 303 organ transplant recipients were enrolled into a prospective study designed to analyze risk factors for PTLD. Using a nested case-control design, 9 PTLD and 18 control patients were matched for age, EBV serological status at the time of transplantation, and, in most cases, for the type of transplanted organ. The immunologic profiles of both groups were compared prior to and following transplantation. Immune measures included absolute numbers of lymphocytes and of subsets of T, B and natural-killer (NK) cells as well as spontaneous NK-cell and in vitro generated LAK-cell activities. A consistent trend for higher levels at baseline as well as following transplantation for almost all immune parameters was observed in patients who developed PTLD. A high absolute count of activated NK cells (CD56+ DR+) at baseline was found to be a significant predictor of PTLD development. The immunologic profile of patients who developed PTLD was consistent with pre- as well as post-transplant chronic immunologic stimulation, and not immunosuppression. In the PTLD group, 3 patients had pre-transplant autoimmune hepatitis and one had primary biliary cirrhosis, which suggests that the underlying presence of certain autoimmune disorders in organ transplant recipients might predispose to PTLD development.
Leuk Lymphoma 1999 Dec
PMID:Pre-transplant immunological profile and risk factor analysis of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease development: the results of a nested matched case-control study. The University of Pittsburgh PTLD Study Group. 1061 55

We report a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection who developed lymphoma and was treated with concomitant cytotoxic and antiviral therapy. In contrast to the expected life threatening fulminant hepatitis that is often reported in this clinical setting, in our patient normalization of liver function tests with temporary loss of viral replication markers were seen. The implications of this rare clinical and serological course are discussed.
Leuk Lymphoma 1999 Dec
PMID:Seroconversion of hepatitis B during chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma. 1061 66

There are several reports describing acute liver decompensation in chronic carriers of HBsAg after withdrawal of chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy; recently the same was also reported for chronic HCV-RNA carriers. We retrospectively evaluated hepatic toxicity in eleven patients (6 carriers of HCV-RNA and 5 of HBsAg) autotransplanted at our Institution between March '92 and June '98. Male/female ratio was 7/4, median age 41 years (26-56). Nine patients (4 HBsAg) were affected by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 (HCV-RNA) by chronic myelogenous leukaemia and 1 (HBsAg) by breast cancer. In the immediate post-transplant period in only 1 patient (HBsAg carrier and affected by breast cancer) was hepatitis documented (at about 1 month from transplant) with an elevation of transaminase levels (x20-40 n.v.). Neither other complications, nor toxic deaths were observed. During the post-transplant follow-up (median 31 months, range 9-83) no hepatic abnormalities were observed. All patients are alive at 56 months (20-122) from diagnosis. Currently 10/11 patients are in complete remission, while 1 patient, affected by follicular centre lymphoma, is alive with disease 52 months from autologous stem cell transplantation. Our study shows that both conventional therapy and high-dose chemotherapy can be performed safely in chronic hepatitis B and C virus carriers.
Leuk Lymphoma 2000 Jan
PMID:Feasibility of autologous stem cell transplantation in chronic carriers of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus. 1067 4

Hepatitis virus, especially hepatitis C virus(HCV), is suggested to be associated with lymphomagenesis. A high prevalence(33%) of HCV among non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) patients has been reported mainly in Italy, but the prevalence is low in other countries. HCV-related NHL is varied histopathologically, including diffuse large B cell lymphoma, immunocytoma or follicular lymphoma(REAL). The HCV genotypes involved are 1b, 2a or 2c(Simmonds). Although HCV RNA + strand has been detected in lymphoma tissue in various studies, there are not many studies in which HCV RNA-strand has been detected. Recent studies have shown that BCL-2 plays an important role in lymphoproliferation by suppressing apoptosis, that HCV core protein regulates c-myc transcription and that BCL-2 and c-myc work together in lymphomagenesis. It seems difficult to provide reasonable explanations regarding these puzzling epidemiological findings and lymphomagenesis.
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PMID:[Hepatitis virus and malignant lymphoma]. 1074 Nov 25

Neoplasms of the liver may arise from any cell type within the liver parenchyma. Hepatocellular carcinoma is by far the most common primary malignant tumour of the liver in adults. Indeed, it is one of the most common tumours in the world with striking geographic differences. These incidence rates can be explained by differences in Hepatitis-Virus carrier rates which they closely reflect. Nearly 10% of malignant liver tumors are represented by cholangiocarcinoma which originates from small intrahepatic bile ducts. Hepatoblastoma accounts for approximately 5% of malignancies in childhood. Most hepatoblastomas fall into epithelial or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal categories. Fetal-type cells and embryonal-type cells represent the epithelial components. Rare primary malignant non-epithelial tumours are angiosarcomas, leiomyosarcomas or fibrosarcomas, arising from vascular or mesenchymal components of the liver respectively. All types of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas may secondarily involve the liver. Most primary hepatic lymphomas are of diffuse large B-cell type and are extremely rare.
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PMID:[Pathology of liver tumors]. 1096 Sep 66

A 72-year-old woman, who has been administered prednisolone and azathioprine with diagnoses of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), underwent a complete medical examination because of monoclonal gammopathy (IgG-kappa). Tumors were found in the ileum and descending colon. Pathological examination of biopsy specimens suggested a diagnosis of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the MALT type with a high-grade component. Flow cytometric analysis by two-color staining revealed that the neoplastic B cells expressed CD38, CD19, IgG and kappa, but not CD5 or CD10. There were no abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow smears. The patient achieved complete remission after receiving three cycles of THP-COP chemotherapy, which resulted in a decrease of the IgG level to within the normal range. These findings indicated that monoclonal IgG-kappa might be produced by lymphoma cells. However, the relationship of the immunosuppressive agents to the pathogenesis of the MALT lymphoma remains to be clarified.
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PMID:[MALT lymphoma producing IgG-kappa type M-protein]. 1102 Sep 94


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