Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report on a 4-year-old boy suffering from typical infantile papular acrodermatitis with an unusual course. The eruption occurred seven weeks before the signs and symptoms of hepatitis. Only trace concentrations of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) could be detected after three weeks history of the disease. The lesions which persisted for nine weeks were itching, and there were signs of superinfection. We found only localized lymphadenopathy. The condition developed into a chronic HBsAg carrier state.
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PMID:[Acrodermatitis papulosa eruptiva infantum as a prodrome in hepatitis B infection]. 408 95

Five cases of the phenytoin syndrome are reviewed here. This hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by fever, eruption, lymphadenopathy, and hepatitis. Anemia, pharyngitis, diarrhea, and nephritis may also be associated. The skin eruption is pleomorphic, presenting as morbilliform eruptions, follicular papules and pustules, erythroderma, or toxic epidermal necrolysis. The management of these patients is made more difficult by the tendency for multiple relapses even after the use of phenytoin has been discontinued.
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PMID:The phenytoin syndrome. 622 59

In a prospective study 43 consecutive children in hospital, aged between 6 months and 7 years and displaying at least one of the clinical signs of infectious mononucleosis (IM), were investigated for Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-specific IgM antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence test. On this basis EB virus infection was considered confirmed in 8 patients, each of whom had IgM antibodies in the initial serum sample. In one additional patient, IgM antibodies were only detected in a second sample. The IgM antibodies disappeared with 3-11 weeks. Assessment of IgG antibodies had no diagnostic value in the acute phase of IM. Clinically the 3 youngest children, about 1 year of age, were diagnosed as having pneumonia or hepatitis, the 5 other consecutive patients as having IM. Hepatosplenomegaly was fairly frequently associated with IM, while sore throat, lymphadenopathy, and rash were often signs of other diseases. Only the oldest child had heterophil antibodies. Atypical lymphocytes (greater than 10%) were present in 4 of the 9 IM cases and were seen in children with other diseases as well. Our data stress the importance of measuring EB virus-specific IgM antibodies in order to diagnose IM in early childhood.
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PMID:Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in early childhood. 625 87

Various immunological parameters were determined in 46 patients with severe hemophilia A and in 9 patients with severe hemophilia B. All patients were treated over many years with commercial factor VIII or IX concentrates. Patients with severe classic hemophilia had a significantly reduced relative and absolute number of T-helper cells and a significantly increased relative and absolute number of T-suppressor cells. About half of these patients had an inverse T-helper/suppressor cell ratio. Patients with moderate hemophilia A and severe hemophilia B did not show these abnormalities. Hemophiliacs with an inverse ratio had a significantly higher concentration of serum total protein, IgG and IgM. No relationship between the amount of factor VIII concentrate administered, the HLA-type of the patient, the presence or absence of CMV-antibodies, hepatitis markers, thrombocytopenia and abnormal liver function tests to the T-cell abnormalities could be established. Lymphadenopathy was frequently associated with an inverse ratio. Indirect evidence suggests that the alterations of the immune system began in 1979/80.
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PMID:T-cell alterations in hemophiliacs treated with commercial clotting factor concentrates. 631 82

Cytomegalovirus-induced hepatitis presented as acute right upper quadrant pain with a cholestatic profile in a middle-aged woman. The presentation was confused by the presence of gallstones. Her course was complicated by pleuritis, atypical lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, and transient arthritis. Urine virus cultures grew cytomegalovirus and seroconversion of indirect immunofluorescent antibody to late cytomegalovirus antigen was demonstrated. Biopsies of the patient's liver failed to grow cytomegalovirus or to show viral inclusions. Electron micrographic studies were negative. Biopsy specimens were stained with monoclonal antibodies to cytomegalovirus by an indirect fluorescence technique. Clearly defined inclusions were specifically stained. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions were demonstrated using monoclonal antibodies CH16 and CH12, respectively. Insofar as we are aware, this is the first reported direct evidence for hepatic viral infection with this virus in a previously healthy adult.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus hepatitis: evidence for direct hepatic viral infection using monoclonal antibodies. 631 9

A syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency has been identified in a group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) which died at the California Primate Research Center. Clinical evaluation of these animals revealed that 50% or more had lymphadenopathy, weight loss, and diarrhea. At least 30% had splenomegaly, fever, cutaneous abscesses and/or arthritis/myositis. Two animals had fibrosarcomas. Anemia was seen in 19 animals, lymphopenia in 14, granulocytopenia in four and thrombocytopenia in three. Hepatitis was diagnosed histopathologically in 13. Electrophoresis revealed hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypogammaglobulinemia. Numerous bacterial, protozoal, and viral agents were identified including cytomegalovirus and leukocyte-associated herpesvirus. Pathologic lesions included severe post-reactive depletion of lymphocytes in germinal centers and paracortical regions of lymph nodes. Clinical and pathologic changes indicate an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome which has some similarities to AIDS in humans. This disease in monkeys may provide a model for studying that disease.
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PMID:Clinical features of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) in rhesus monkeys. 632 13

Carbamazepine is one of the drugs most widely prescribed for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and psychomotor seizures. Coincidentally with its use, hypersensitivity reactions to this agent have ben reported with increasing frequency. This report documents our recent encounter with 2 patients who developed hepatitis within one month of beginning carbamazepine therapy for temporal-lobe epilepsy. The occurrence of fever, skin rash and arthralgias suggest immunologic hypersensitivity as does eosinophilia and raised level of IgE, as seen in our patients. After withdrawal of the drug, symptoms and signs disappeared rapidly. We also describe a patient with psychomotor seizures who had ingested carbamazepine for less than 2 months before presenting with a febrile illness characterized by rash, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, epatosplenomegaly and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia. The reaction cleared on cessation of the drug. Besides showing antinuclear antibody without DNA-precipitating antibody, this patient had an increased helper-T-cell count as well as a decreased number of T lymphocytes with suppressor activity. Taken together, these observations make it reasonable to speculate that carbamazepine may have interfered with lymphocyte triggering, thereby favouring the emergence of B cells with autoimmune propensities.
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PMID:[Immuno-allergic side effects induced by the administration of carbamazepine. Case contribution]. 646 8

Histiocytic medullary reticulosis (HMR) was originally defined as a neoplastic disorder. Some cases reported as HMR have been characterized by a systemic proliferation of mature histiocytes showing hemophagocytosis, bone marrow necrosis, pancytopenia, hepatitis, and coagulopathy. Clinically, these patients have fever and constitutional symptoms and often have hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Although there is a high mortality rate, this process appears to be reactive and has been associated with active viral infection. Similar cases have been briefly described that were associated with other agents or disease processes, but concomitant viral infections were not excluded. Three characteristic examples of this hemophagocytic syndrome that were associated with bacterial sepsis are described. Active infection by those viruses that have previously been associated with the syndrome was excluded. It appears that the hemophagocytic syndrome may be associated with various types of active disseminated infections.
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PMID:Bacteria-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. 649 70

A 56-year-old woman had rash, arthralgia, and lymphadenopathy. Prednisone therapy caused the symptoms to abate but not disappear. Medication was continued for almost eight weeks, during which time the symptoms persisted. While the patient was receiving therapy, serologic evidence of hepatitis B infection was noted. When prednisone therapy was stopped, the patient rapidly passed from the prodrome to typical, acute, icteric hepatitis. Prednisone may have suppressed normal immunologic responses to the hepatitis virus, resulting in persistence of the serum sickness-like state. Corticosteroids are not indicated in the treatment of the prodrome to hepatitis B infection.
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PMID:Prolongation of the prodrome to acute hepatitis B infection by corticosteroids. 661 7

Reports of cases of primary and secondary syphilis are increasing in the United States, particularly in urban areas and among homosexual men. While primary syphilis poses little diagnostic difficulty, many physicians are unfamiliar with the multisystem nature of secondary lues. Patients who have secondary syphilis commonly present with systemic signs, skin rash, mucous membrane lesions and generalized adenopathy. Less commonly, secondary syphilis may occur as acute meningitis, sensorineural hearing loss, iritis, anterior uveitis, optic neuritis, Bell's palsy, gastropathy, proctitis, hepatitis, pulmonary infiltration, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, periostitis, tenosynovitis and polyarthritis. The diagnosis of secondary syphilis is easily confirmed. Its various manifestations are readily treated with penicillin and, if treated early, are entirely reversible. Two recent cases of secondary syphilis, one presenting as nephrotic syndrome and one as chorioretinitis and ptosis, illustrate the usual and unusual features of this common infection.
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PMID:Secondary syphilis: uncommon manifestations of a common disease. 670 90


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