Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is relatively frequent and severe in immunosuppressed patients giving rise to diagnostic and therapeutic problems. We describe a series of 7 patients, six with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and one with aplastic anemia. All patients had CMV infection at the moment of maximum immunodepression. Two patients had undergone recent bone-marrow transplant. Six had been transfused in the two months prior to the onset of infection. Diagnosis was established through isolation of CMV from blood or serological methods. Symptoms ranged from prolonged fever to multi-organic involvement. Two cases had pulmonary involvement as well as fever, hepatitis and petechial rash. Two other cases presented with fever and hepatosplenomegaly and in the remaining, 3, fever was the only sign. Clinical course was favourable in all cases including the two with pneumonitis; of these two the first received acyclovir and anti-CMV Ig and the other received no specific therapy. One of the remaining cases was also given acyclovir and specific anti CMV Ig was administered to the 3 patients with isolated fever. In conclusion, CMV infection should be suspected in immunosuppressed patients with prolonged fever.
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PMID:[Cytomegalovirus disease in immunosuppressed patients]. 283 17

Fifty-nine children treated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were evaluated for abnormalities of liver function in order to monitor chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity. Twenty-one patients (36%) had elevations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a pattern consistent with either drug-induced hepatocellular injury or non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis. These 21 patients (Group 1) were compared with the other 38 children (Group 2) with regard to a number of clinical and laboratory characteristics. Patients in Group 1 were older (P = 0.002) and had lower platelet counts (P less than 0.001) and hemoglobin values (P = 0.075) at diagnosis than Group 2 patients. The median number of units of blood products transfused was significantly greater in Group 1 patients (9.0 versus 1.0 units, P less than 0.001). The two groups were similar with regard to chemotherapy regimens. Children with ALL who present at an older age and who have more marked anemia and thrombocytopenia require more blood transfusions and are more likely to develop elevated ALT values in a pattern consistent with acute or chronic NANB hepatitis. These findings suggest a predominant role of NANB posttransfusion hepatitis--rather than or in addition to chemotherapy-induced hepatic injury--as a cause for elevated ALT values in children with ALL. In view of the potentially serious consequences of NANB hepatitis, a change in transfusion support practices may be warranted.
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PMID:Elevated serum transaminase values during therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia correlate with prior blood transfusions. 313 78

Between Nov. 83 and Oct. 84 15 children under chemotherapy for malignant diseases, 2 relatives and 2 nurses developed hepatitis-B antigen seropositivity. Epidemiological studies gave evidence for non-parenteral spread of the infection. The course of the disease was usually asymptomatic or mild. Amongst the patients who developed hepatitis-B there was a considerable number of children who had presented with a recurrence of their malignant disease. Two characteristic cases of hepatitis B are presented showing the wide range of clinical manifestations of this disease in immunocompromised children with ALL.
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PMID:[Hepatitis B infections in cytostatically treated children]. 345 37

We report a clinical hematologic sequential process consisting of transient marrow aplasia post-hepatitis (non A-non B) preceding acute lymphoblastic leukemia. There have not been other reports mentioning a similar evolution. Authors outline the possible pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the sequence of events described. We suggest that viral infection produces a lesion of the stem-cell which could have different expressions depending on the stages of the disease at which it is studied. Those varied expressions perhaps could be explained by the modulation induced by the host's immunologic system.
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PMID:[Post-hepatitis non-A non-B transient medullar aplasia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. 392 Sep 40

The case history of a boy suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and carcinoma of the liver as secondary malignoma is reported. After completion of the combined ALL-therapy, a splenogenous thrombocytopenia emerged which was successfully treated by splenectomy. In the biopsy material liver cirrhosis and HBsAg-positive hepatitis could be detected; these proved to be progressive in the course of the following year. At the end of another year, a hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed, causing the patient's death, who was still in complete hematological remission 5 7/12 years after the onset and 2 9/12 years after the end of the ALL-therapy. Only two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma following ALL in childhood have been described in the literature so far.
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PMID:[Liver cell carcinoma following juvenile acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Case contribution]. 625 92

We have reviewed 58 cases of bone marrow granuloma at a single institution over a 20-year time span, and have summarized the available English literature. We conclude that bone marrow granulomas are an infrequent pathologic finding which, when found, require definition as to an underlying etiology. Undoubtedly, the illnesses associated with marrow granuloma are similar to those causing granulomatous hepatitis. The following additional statements may justifiably be made based on this review. There are no morphologic features which allow reliable differentiation between the causes of bone marrow granuloma. By combining careful histologic, microbiologic, and serologic techniques, an etiology can be documented in most (87%) patients with marrow granulomas. A medication history is an important element of this evaluation. Rocky Mountain spotted fever, cytomegalovirus infection, ibuprofen, acute lymphocytic leukemia, and various collagen vascular diseases should be added to the list of causes of marrow granuloma. The prognostic significance of marrow granuloma in patients without an ascertainable underlying illness remains unclear.
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PMID:Granulomatous bone marrow disease. A review of the literature and clinicopathologic analysis of 58 cases. 631 87

The autopsies of seven patients with disseminated varicella were reviewed. Six patients had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the seventh had Hodgkin's disease. All the patients were on chemotherapy at the time of commencement of their varicella rash, and at autopsy only the patient with Hodgkin's disease had residual tumor. The typical anatomic lesion of varicella was one of focal necrosis (often hemorrhagic) with eosinophilic intranuclear (Cowdry type-A) inclusions. In fatal disseminated varicella the complications most commonly encountered at autopsy were interstitial pneumonitis, hepatitis, necrotizing splenitis and lymphadenitis, esophagitis, enteritis, colitis, and pancreatitis. The most significant of these complications appears to be the interstitial pneumonitis, as the major cause of death is respiratory failure.
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PMID:Disseminated varicella at autopsy in children with cancer. 632 Oct 8

Venocclusive disease (VOD) of the liver, a fibrous obliteration of small hepatic venules, can be caused by chemoradiation therapy. We reviewed 255 consecutive patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation for malignancy during 1978 to 1980 in order to determine the incidence of VOD and the predisposing factors. Fifty-three of 255 patients met our criteria for VOD, for an incidence of 21%. Multivariate analysis showed that the most significant risk factors for VOD were age over 15, an underlying malignancy other than acute lymphocytic leukemia and hepatitis prior to transplantation. Patients with hepatitis had a 3.4-fold risk of developing VOD, as compared to patients with normal SGOT values (p = 0.0004). Hepatitis in this setting is probably of non-A, non-B viral etiology and represents a relative contraindication to marrow transplantation because of enhanced toxicity from conditioning chemoradiotherapy.
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PMID:Venocclusive disease of the liver after bone marrow transplantation: diagnosis, incidence, and predisposing factors. 636 47

Since 1976, 16 adult patients with acute leukemia have been treated by chemotherapy, total body irradiation (TBI) and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in the medical school hospital and the satellite hospitals of Nagoya University. The first group of 10 patients were given marrow grafts at the time of leukemic relapse and the second group of six patients were given the grafts in the period of remission of their disease. For the first group (ALL/ANLL 2:8, age (median) 33, M/F 8:2), HLA-identical donor cells (25 x 10(7)/kg [median]) were infused after the patients were conditioned with NSC D 245382 (ACNU) or daunorubicin, cyclophosphamide (CY) and a single shot of 1000 rad of TBI. For the second group (ALL/ANLL 4:2, age (median) 20, M/F 5:1), HLA-identical donor cells (22 x 10(7)/kg [median]) were infused after the patients were conditioned with CY and fractionated (250 rad x 4) TBI. All the patients were isolated in a laminar air flow room (LAF) after gut and skin decontamination. Engraftment of donor cells was confirmed in 15 out of the 16 patients. Febrile periods in LAF and the days required for platelet transfusion were prolonged in the first group. All the patients in the first group died within 12-214 days after BMT because of interstitial pneumonitis (7 patients) or bacterial infection (3 patients). On the other hand, five out of six patients in the second group are alive 84-540 days after BMT. For the surviving patients, the complications of chronic graft versus host disease, viral infections, tuberculosis, hepatitis, hemorrhagic cystitis and recurrence of leukemia are now the problems. It can be stated that the patient's clinical condition at the time of BMT is one of the most essential factors for the success of BMT although the effects of other variables, such a change in the conditioning regimens of the supportive care, must also be carefully analyzed.
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PMID:Sixteen adult patients with acute leukemia treated by chemotherapy, total body irradiation and allogeneic marrow transplantation. 639 11

Eleven children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic liver disease, who had negative reactions for hepatitis B virus markers in the liver, were studied at the time of therapy withdrawal for an antigen-antibody system linked to non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis infection. By immunofluorescence, six of the 11 children had a positive reaction for the NANB antigen in the liver, and five of these six children also had a positive reaction for the NANB antibody in serum. Histologic lesions were more severe in patients with the NANB antigen in the liver compared with those with a negative reaction.
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PMID:Evidence of non-A, non-B hepatitis in children with acute leukemia and chronic liver disease. 640 22


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