Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sera from eight of 17 patients with acute viral hepatitis was deficient in its ability to support neutrophil bactericidal function in vitro. This defect appeared to be related to the viral infection itself. Sera from patients with drug hepatitis or mechanical obstructive jaundice did not show this effect.
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PMID:Serum factor affecting neutrophil function during acute viral hepatitis. 71 Sep 63

Stokke has described a lysosomal cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) in human liver. To clarify the significance of this enzyme, we first modified Stokke's assay to enable CEH determination in hepatic needle biopsies. Studies established optimal pH of 4.6--5.2 and linearity of hydrolysis for at least 12 hours, using homogenates containing about 2 mg liver and radiolabeled cholesterol oleate as substrate. The assay was then applied to patients undergoing percutaneous needle biopsy. Hepatic CEH activity in alcoholic liver disease, obstructive jaundice and a variety of other hepatic disorders was not significantly different from that in histologically normal livers. In patients with acute hepatitis, however, mean CEH activity was more than 3-fold increased (P less than 0.01). Values paralleled SGOT levels, returned to normal as hepatitis resolved, and were unrelated to serum cholesterol levels or to lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity. In contrast to CEH, activity of acid phosphatase, a standard lysosomal marker enzyme, was the same in hepatitic as in normal livers. We conclude that CEH can be assayed in needle biopsies of human liver, that its activity increases in acute hepatitis, and that this is probably not simply due to a nonspecific general increase in lysosmal enzymes.
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PMID:Studies on human hepatic cholesterol ester hydrolase in liver disease. 74 52

To determine the clinical significance of serum bile acid measurements, changes in the serum bile acid composition in liver diseases and endogenous bile acid clearance due to test meal loads were investigated. In the case of changes in the serum bile acid composition, a characteristic pattern of a remarkable increase of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was found in fulminant hepatitis. In patients with acute hepatitis, increases in CDCA were somewhat greater than those of cholic acid (CA) and there was tendency for these changes to precede changes in other liver function tests. In cases of extrahepatic obstructive jaundice, the CA/CDCA ratio was a large value exceeding 1.0. In investigations of endogenous bile acid clearance, serum bile acid concentration two hours after the text meal load clearly reflected the hepatic disorder and it was useful in differentiating between active and inactive form in chronic hepatitis and compensation and decompensation in liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum bile acid measurement in liver diseases. 74 93

In 104 patients with acute virus hepatitis, chronic hepatitides, cirrhoses, fatty livers and biliary diseases with partial and complete obstructive jaundice, respectively, IgG, IgA, IgD, beta1A- and beta1E-globulin, cholinesterase, total protein, and albumin, in 45 of these patients additionally prealbumin, retinol binding protein, thymol turbidity test were determined as well as an electrophoretic separation of the serum was performed. 11 persons with healthy liver served as control group. According to the results of univariate and multivariate variance analyses with following test of redundance (test for indispensability) and analysis of discriminance with calculations of reclassification IgD, beta1E-globulin and retinol binding protein were identified as not evident or redundant. Electrophoresis and thymol turbidity test give sufficient basis informations and can further be recommended for orienting examinations. Immune globulinogrammes from IgB, IgA and IgM are suitable as so-called mesenchyma tests particularly for controls of the course. Prealbumin and cholinesterase prove to be the most sensitive parameter of synthesis, whereas albumin and beta1A-globulin possess a high prognostic evidence.
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PMID:[Discriminatory function of serum proteins in liver and biliary tract diseases]. 91 May 27

The apparent well-being of some children who as neonates were believed to have obstructive jaundice prompted us to study the clinical course, histologic features and possible etiologic factors in 17 children with cholestasis in the neonatal period. During a follow-up period of five months to 22 years, all had signs of chronic cholestasis, but only four died (two from nonhepatic causes); the others live remarkably normal lives. Serial hepatic biopsies in 11 showed a variety of initial lesions, which progressed to hypoplasia of the intrahepatic bile ducts, increasing portal fibrosis and eventual cirrhosis. Although evidence of possible viral infection was found in only 10 cases, a hepatitis, beginning either before or after birth, appears to be a likely original cause. The histologic changes seen may represent different stages of one process, starting as cholestasis with or without evidence of hepatitis and progressing to obliteration or failure of normal growth of the intrahepatic bile ducts.
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PMID:Intrahepatic cholestasis in childhood. 95 76

The precise diagnosis of the etiology of jaundice is of considerable value to the clinician in caring for the icteric patient. A series of twenty-three patients who underwent minilaparotomy (open transhepatic cholangiogram) is presented. This procedure allows for inspection, biopsy, cholangiography and omental venography under direct visualization and at minimal risk to the patient. In this series the cause of jaundice was successfully determined in 96% of the cases. Cholangiography was used to visualize the ducts in 20 patients and in 2 others, the diagnosis was made by inspection and liver biopsy. The literature on alternative diagnostic methods is reviewed and compared to other procedures the minilaparotomy has relatively few contraindications and many advantages. It is a useful and safe technique in the face of abnormal clotting factors, obstructive jaundice, ascites or hepatitis. By using the multiple diagnostic modalities available in a minilaparotomy, the rate of successful diagnosis equals or exceeds that of the other procedures. It is therefore recommended that this approach be considered as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of jaundice.
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PMID:The diagnosis of jaundice by the minilaparotomy open transhepatic cholangiogram. 113 Aug 56

Drainage of the thoracic lymph duct and lymphosorption were used in 63 patients with obstructive jaundice of different etiology and cholestatic hepatitis. Lymph was returned into the umbilical vein with transfusion of proteins, glucose, steroid hormones and other preparations.
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PMID:[Lymphosorption in the combined treatment of jaundice]. 129 75

Fifty infants with obstructive jaundice were reviewed. Other than jaundice, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were the other common presentations. The mean age of referral was 9.4 weeks. This was unsatisfactory as the prognosis depends on the age of corrective surgery. Majority of the non surgical cholestasis were due to idiopathic hepatitis. These patients did well as all of them were asymptomic and had no evidence of liver disease at 2 years of age.
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PMID:A clinical study of obstructive jaundice among Singapore infants. 130 62

The serum activity of alcohol dehydrogenase was determined in healthy controls and in patients with liver diseases. The mean activity in hepatoma (6.4 +/- 1.0U/L) was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than the mean values in liver cirrhosis (2.7 +/- 0.5U/L); hepatitis (4.3 +/- 1.0U/L), obstructive jaundice (2.9 +/- 0.5U/L) and healthy controls (0.7 +/- 0.1U/L). Alcohol dehydrogenase purified by CM-cellulose chromatography from the sera of patients with hepatoma had a higher affinity for butanol long chain saturated and unsaturated alcohols than the purified enzyme from healthy controls. Similarly, hepatoma alcohol dehydrogenase oxidized ethanol very poorly (KM = 154 microM) when compared with that from healthy controls (KM = 40.2 microM). Hepatoma alcohol dehydrogenase was inhibited by pyrazole while those of other liver diseases and the healthy controls were not. These properties of serum alcohol dehydrogenase may prove useful in the early diagnosis of hepatoma since biochemical changes occur before morphological changes in the development of cancer.
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PMID:Properties of serum alcohol dehydrogenase in Nigerians with primary hepatoma. 166 17

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in plasma obtained from patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis, obstructive jaundice, fulminant hepatitis or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), was analysed chromatographically. Liver disease cases showed a new peak (peak C) on HPLC fractionation. The protein of peak C had a lower molecular weight than ovalbumin. Lysine- and zinc- chelating affinity chromatography revealed that the peak C consist with the light chain (L-chain) of t-PA. The L-chain was also found in patients with DIC, but disappeared after improvement of DIC. Therefore, it was suggested that appearance of the L-chain would be related to acceleration of secondary fibrinolysis in plasma. The L-chain was especially high in plasma obtained from patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. These results indicated that high increase of the L-chain in cases of severe liver disease may be due to either impaired clearance of t-PA in the liver or secondary hyperfibrinolysis accompanied by DIC. We concluded that determination of the L-chain of t-PA may contribute to clarify the mechanism of hyperfibrinolysis in liver diseases.
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PMID:[Qualitative analysis of tissue plasminogen activator in plasma obtained from various liver diseases by gel filtration and affinity chromatography]. 210 95


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