Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The resistance of a total of 13 different viruses to some important chemico-physical influences was studied under uniform experimental conditions. Stability in tape water, thermostability and sensitivity to anodic oxidation, gamma radiation, some virucidal substances and several commercial disinfectants were tested. In evaluating the results, an attempt is made to rank the viruses investigated according to their sensitivity. On average a bovine parvovirus, and also a reovirus and three enteroviruses, proved most stable. These were followed by infectious canine hepatitis (adenoviruses). Newcastle disease (paramyxoviruses) and vaccinia (poxviruses) demonstrating less resistance. In all the tests an orthomyxovirus (influenza A), a rhabdovirus (vesicular stomatitis), and particularly a herpesvirus (pseudorabies) and a togavirus (sindbis) proved to have relatively low resistance.
Infection 1979
PMID:[Variations in resistance of viruses from different groups to chemico-physical decontamination methods]. 51 42

The incidence of PLC in the Pacific Basin varies from 0.9/100,000 (age-standardized) in women in New South Wales, Australia, to 34.2/100,000 in Singapore Chinese men. Proportional incidence data suggest that other areas of the Pacific Basin, such as Hong Kong, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea, may have PLC incidence rates as high or higher than those in Singapore Chinese. Infection with hepatitis-B virus has been associated with PLC in some areas, and aflatoxin contamination of food has also been demonstrated. The extent to which these or other factors explain the geographical variation in liver cancer rates in the Pacific Basin is uncertain.
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PMID:Incidence and etiology of primary liver cancer in the Pacific Basin. 53 20

A radioimmunoassay for hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg) and antibody to e (anti-HBe) was developed and sera of 71 asymptomatic chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), in 44 of whom liver biopsy was obtained, were tested. In addition, testing for Dane particle associated DNA polymerase activity was performed in all sera. HBeAg was detected in 14 subjects (19.7%) and anti-HBe in 46 (64.8%). The highest proportion of HBeAg positivity (40%) was found among carriers with histological evidence of chronic hepatitis, whereas anti-HBe was present in 80% of carriers with normal liver histology, in 58% of carriers with non-specific reactive hepatitis and in 60% of carriers with chronic liver lesions. DNA polymerase activity was present in 92.8% of sera positive for HBeAg, in 13% of sera positive for anti-HBe, and in 9% of sera negative for both markers. Our results demonstrate that not all HBsAg carriers reactive to HBeAg show evidence of chronic hepatitis nor, conversely, that anti-HBe is invariably associated with the healthy carrier state of HBsAg. Finally, circulating Dane particles, as revealed by the presence of serum specific DNA polymerase activity, may also be present in anti-HBe positive sera other than those of some HBsAg carriers lacking both HBeAg and anti-HBe.
Infection 1979
PMID:Radioimmunoassay in the detection of the hepatitis B e antigen/antibody system in asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. Correlation with serum Dane particle associated DNA polymerase activity. 54 99

Seventy-eight British soldiers stationed in the Eastern Sovereign Base Area (ESBA) in Cyprus contracted Q fever in the period December 1974 to June 1975. Pneumonia developed in 59% of cases. Of 31 patients tested, 81% had biochemical evidence of hepatitis although only one became clinically jaundiced. Three patients (4%) suffered pericarditis. Treatment with tetracycline had no apparent effect on the course of the disease. Investigation revealed an abortion epidemic involving 21 mixed flocks of sheep and goats in the south-eastern coastal region. 11 of the flocks grazed in and around the ESBA. A serological survey of 10 affected flocks, and evidence collected from previous years, indicated that the abortion epidemic was the result of infection with Coxiella burneti. Infection in the humans was almost certainly acquired by inhalation of dust from brush contaminated with rickettsial parturition products of the aborting flocks. A human serological survey revealed a number of cases of subclinical Q fever in a susceptivle military population, and an asymptomatic epidemic in a largely immune local position.
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PMID:Q fever and animal abortion in Cyprus. 55 66

Ninety-eight acute non-B hepatitis cases recently observed in Japan and household contacts with these cases were subjected to serologic examinations for hepatitis A; 400 serum specimens obtained in 1971 from healthy individuals living in areas near Tokyo and 16 preparations of human immunoglobulin produced in Japan in 1975 and 1976 were examined for antibody to hepatitis A antigen. Hepatitis A virus infection was confirmed in all 25 patients and in 8 of 26 household contacts found in association with non-B hepatitis outbreaks, and also in 11 of 60 sporadic non-B hepatitis patients, but in none of 13 non-B hepatitis patients found in association with blood transfusion. There was no difference between males and females in the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A antigen among healthy individuals, however, there was a strong relationship to age. Rates of antibody positives were only 2.5% in the groups younger than 20 years of age. An ample amount of antibody to hepatitis A antigen was detected in the preparations of human immunoglobulin. Hepatitis A virus was thus found to be endemic in Japan, but considered not popular during at least these 20 years. Infection with non-A non-B hepatitis virus(es) seems to be common in Japan especially in such cases as sporadic non-B hepatitis or post-transfusion non-B hepatitis.
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PMID:A preliminary serologic study of hepatitis A virus infection in Japan. 71 60

Recovery from acquired aplastic anemia associated with hepatitis is rare. This case of a 6-year-old boy with severe aplastic anemia is the first reported association of this disease with a hepatitis A infection. Antibody to hepatitis A (anti-HA) was not detected on admission, but was detected three weeks later. Infection with hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were excluded. The peak titer of anti-HA was higher than would be expected for passive transfer of antibody resulting from transfusions. The persistence of antibody for more than 20 months after the last transfusion was not consistent with passive antibody, which would be expected to disappear over that time. This child had indications for allogeneic marrow transplant and a sibling donor who was histocompatible. However, the transplant was postponed because the prognosis was considered to be poor in the presence of active hepatitis. There was a spontaneous remission without the necessity of the transplantation procedure.
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PMID:Spontaneous resolution of severe aplastic anemia associated with viral hepatitis A in a 6-year-old child. 75 62

Among 466 hospitalized patients with serologically verified acute hepatitis B, 440 individuals (94.4%) could be followed up until normalization of liver function had occured, or for at least one year. In 90.2% of the patients followed-up liver function including galactose tolerance) returned to normal within four months after onset of illness. Chronic persistent hepatitis B surface antigen (HB Ag) for at least one year in 14 patients (50%). Liver biopsy was performed in consistent with CPH in all cases. Histological signs of chronic aggressive hepatitis developed in 15 patients (3.4%) and persistence of HB Ag was observed in 11 of these patients (73%). No histological follow-up was performed in patients with normal liver function within four months after onset of illness. Cprticosteroid treatment in 56 patients with prolonged symptoms did not seem to predispose to persistence of HbsaG in the serum.
Infection 1976
PMID:The long-term outcome of hepatitis B. 94 48

Immediate attention must be given to the respiratory system of the heroin abuser; then he should be given naloxone HCl. Search for evidence of use of additional drugs, which may compound problems. Pulmonary edema, aspiration pneumonia and pulmonary embolization are the most common complications. Infections, particularly endocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmia also occur with heroin overdose. Hepatitis is common. Treatment must include not only attention to the presenting symptoms but also referral to a rehabilitation center when possible.
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PMID:Treating heroin overdose. 112 10

In each of 23 families in which two or more cases of acute hepatitis-like jaundice (index cases) occurred, all family members were studied to evaluate HBAg clustering and the incidence of asymptomatic liver disease. There were 49 "index cases" of hepatitis-like jaundice: 38 cases of acute viral hepatitis, 5 of chronic agressive hepatitis and 6 of active cirrhosis. The overall number of members in these families (excluding index cases) was 170 and 155 of which were tested by clinical examination, laboratory tests and needle liver biopsy. In 27 out of the 155 subjects there was evidence of liver diseases (10 non icteric hepatitis cases, 12 CAH cases and 5 cirrhosis cases). HBAg was present in the serum of 19 of these patients, and twof the cirrhotic patients were positive. Furthermore, 33 of the 155 cases were healthy HGAg carriers showing no abnormality in liver function tests. In the majority of these carriers liver histology showed slight damage (pin-head necrosis or portitis) sometimes compatible with resolving viral hepatitis. A long-term follow-up of the HGAg carriers showed that three of these subjects progressed to acute viral hepatitis.
Infection 1975
PMID:Familial clustering of hepatitis B antigen and liver diseases in families with a high incidence of viral hepatitis. 118 96

The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was studied using a second-generation ELISA test in 121 patients with self-limiting acute hepatitis B, including 63 intravenous drug addicts (IVDA). Within the first month after the onset of illness, 47.1% of the patients were anti-HCV positive, this figure reaching 52.1% six months later. The prevalence in the sixth month was significantly higher in the IVDA (93.6%) than in the non-IVDA (6.9%) (p < 0.00001). Among the IVDA, anti-HCV was more frequent in those with (100%) than in those without hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection (84.6%) (p = 0.004). Of the 63 anti-HCV positive patients, 36 (57.1%) continued to exhibit abnormal transaminase levels for more than six months, while this was not observed in anti-HCV negative patients. These results show a high prevalence of infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) in IVDA with acute B hepatitis. As a rule, infection by HCV occurred prior to the hepatitis B infection, although occasionally simultaneous infections were observed. HCV appears to be the agent responsible for chronic liver disease in patients with acute B hepatitis who become HBsAg negative.
Infection
PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with acute hepatitis B. 128 57


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