Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a group of 205 patients with alcoholic diseases of liver the diagnostic relevance of biochemical tests (GOT, GPT, AP, GGTP, BSP) was reconsidered with discriminatory process (separation of diagnosis). The group contained 16 patients with nutritional-caused and 41 cases with alcoholic-caused fatty-infiltration of liver. 148 patients showed a toxic chronic liver disease; 52 a chronic hepatitis and 96 cirrhosis of liver. Laparoscopy and morphology guaranteed the clinical diagnosis and therefore the accuracy of biochemistry in separation of diagnosis was given. The biochemical tests were not able to offer a separation of fatty-infiltration with reference to cause, changes of the process in toxic hepatitis and cirrhosis were announced. Intersection in several cases was noticed and biochemical tests were not able to substitute endoscopy and morphology for clinical and diagnostic use in all cases. In every regard the enzyme-tests,--above mentioned--, and determination of sulfobromthalein are aptly to development of diseases and deficiency of alcohol.
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PMID:[Relevance of biochemistry in diagnosis and development of alcoholic liver disease (author's transl)]. 0 20

The AA. have observed some patients suffering from persistent chronic hepatitis, aggressive chronic hepatitis, severe virus hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, hepatic metastasis, cholecystolithiasis, hepatic abscess, congestic heart disorder, alcoholism also patients treated with barbiturics and benzodiazepine, comparising in the meanwhile gamma-glutamyl-transaminase. They would suggest a new interpretation: the observed enzyme was higher in the obstructive diseases, gamma-GT also notable higher in the cellular hepatic diseases (hepatitis, cirrhosis and so on). In their opinion gamma-GT should be a regular enzymatic screening for liver diseases, but should not anyway eliminate the till now used enzymes.
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PMID:[New views referred to gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (author's transl]. 1 13

By using polyethylene glycol precipitation at low concentration (PEG test) and the radiolabeled C1q binding test, immune complexes were detected sera from acute (23/28) and chronic (28/32) hepatitis patients, hemodialyzed patients with chronic hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigenemia (7/19), and asymptomatic HBs antigen carriers (2/11). After treatment of PEG precipitates with acidic pH, heating, or proteolytic enzyme (protease), electroimmunodiffusion or radioimmunoassay revealed the presence of HBs antigen or antibody in dissociated immune complexes in sera from several acute and chronic hepatitis patients. Electron microscopy showed immune complexes of HB virus in 9 of 12 PEG precipitates obtained from PEG-test-positive sera; these 9 precipitates were from patients with acute or chronic hepatitis and the other three from chronic HBs Ag carriers. Free HB virus particles were observed after protease digestion of PEG precipitates. Neither immune complexes nor virus particles were seen in precipitates from PEG-test-negative but HBs-Ag-positive sera from chronic carriers.
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PMID:Detection of hepatitis B antigen in circulating immune complexes in acute and chronic hepatitis. 2 65

In a group of 29 patients with mechanical icterus and a control group of 38 patients (acute, chronic hepatitis and hyperbilirubinemia) there have been followed up alkaline phosphatase, leucinaminopeptidase and gammaglutamil transpeptidase activities aiming to evaluate the value of gamma GT in differentiation of icterus of various etiology. Comparing the values of the examined cholestase enzymes in patients of obstructive icterus it could be seen that gamma GT was positive in the largest percentage of the diseased, (69,6%), then APH (89,7%) AND LAP (86,3%). Gamma GT has shown to be selective test for obstruction of hepatobiliary tract but it is not selective for discovering cause of obstruction. It can be explained by the fact that activity of gamma GT could be found both in mechanical icterus caused by calculosis or tumours (with a very high activity) and in patients with hepatitis with cholestatic component, although in the decresed activity.
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PMID:[The significance of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase determination in the differentiation of icterus of various etiologies]. 2 11

The GGTP is an enzyme localized, in the liver cell, inside microsome. At beginning the use of the GGTP was introduced for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis; after it was noted as this was steady increased in the cholestasis and in the alcoholism. We have, hence, wanted to experiment if the changing of the level of the GGTP allowed to us a diagnosis of chronic alcoholic hepatitis. Our research is based on seventy-five patients with several liver diseases. It has been noted as the highest levels of the GGTP have appeared in cases of chronic alcoholic hepatitis with signs, histologicals and biochemicals, o cholestasis. In fact we have, on overage, levels of 955 mU/ml in the chronic alcoholic hepatitis with signs of cholestasis and of 135 mU/ml in that without it. In conclusion the GGTP is a good index for the diagnosis of chronic alcoholic cholestatic hepatitis.
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PMID:[The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) as an index for the diagnosis of chronic alcoholic cholestatic hepatitis (author's transl)]. 3 45

Follow-up study of 40 children suffering from chronic hepatitis. The diagnosis was made by liver needle biopsy with the Menghini method, when clinical signs or laboratory data of liver disease had lasted for more than 6 months. 24 patients showed the histological pattern of the aggressiv type of chronic hepatitis according to the definition of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (1968). In this group only 5 children had autoantibodies in the serum (so-called lupoid hepatitis). The HBAg positive courses played the most important part in the chronic persistent group as well as in the aggressive one. According to literature only the patients with the aggressive type have been treated with prednison, because chronic persistent hepatitis has a good prognosis without any treatment. In nearly all cases high transaminases and gammaglobulin levels decreased during the treatment with prednison, whereas the histological signs of inflammation seldom changed. Cirrhosis of the liver has developed in 2 HBAg positive patients of the aggressive group, who had not consequently received their daily dose of prednison.
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PMID:[Studies on juvenile chronic hepatitis]. 5 74

400 unselected liver biopsies were stained with aldehyde-thionin (AT) and examined for ground-glass hepatocytes (GGH). 1) AT-positive GGH were found in about half of all HBSAg-positive patients but were never seen in HBSAg-negative patients. 2) AT-positive GGH were observed in healthy HBSAg carriers and in all forms of chronic hepatitis but never in acute HBSAg-positive hepatitis. 3) AT-negative GGH were occasionally seen in HBSAg-negative patients under drug treatment. 4) Ultrastructurally GGH showed proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum which only in AT-positive GGH contained filaments, 20-25 nm in diameter, within its cisternae.
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PMID:Ground-glass hepatocytes in unselected liver biopsies. ultrastructure and relationship to hepatitis B surface antigen. 5 36

In a prospective study 148 consecutive patients with biopsyproved acute viral hepatitis were observed serially and followed for 5 years. They were divided into three groups on the basis of being treated with high or low doses of gamma globulin and compared with a control group, not treated. As the efficacy of gamma globulin for the prophylaxis or modification of infectious hepatitis has been well documented by many investigators during the past 25 years, we were interested in evaluating the therapeutic effect of gamma globulin on the course of viral hepatitis. The purpose of the study was to determine the comparative efficacy of various doses of gamma globulin in preventing complications and in influencing the severity and the length of time of acute viral hepatitis and in preventing the development of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. For controlling the clinical, biochemical and histopathologic course 12 functional parameters were repeatedly measured under stable clinical conditions and 3--12 liver biopsies were performed in an individual patient using the Menghini needle with an intercostal approach. During the 5-year trial an overall of 825 liver biopsis were performed with this 148 patients. We conclude from this study, that in about 80% of patients with acute viral hepatitis recovery is complete, but takes several month's. A protracted course of 4 month's duration until recovery was found in 45 patients (30,4%), persistent hepatitis with recovery after 1--4 years duration occurred in 37 patients (25%), global liver necrosis with hepatic coma in 3 (2,3%), chronic hepatitis in 22 (14,8%), 8 of them as chronic aggressive hepatitis and cirrhosis in 3 (2,3%). The study demonstrated no therapeutic efficacy of gamma globulin in modifying the course or preventing complications of both AuAg+ and AuAg-neg. acute viral hepatitis in man. There was no striking difference in the groups treated with various doses of gamma globulin compared with a control group.
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PMID:[Gamma globulin therapy of acute viral hepatitis. Studies on the therapeutic effect of gamma globulin on the course and late prognosis of manifested acute viral hepatitis in man]. 5 14

Sera from well individuals, including controls and asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, post-transfusion hepatitis cases, and chronic active liver disease patients were examined for the presence of "e" antigen and e antibody by rheophoresis. Our data confirm the specific association between the e determinant and hepatitis B infections and indicate that e antigen is closely associated with evidence of chronic hepatic dysfunction, in contrast to the association of e antibody with hepatic normalcy in HBsAg carriers. However, these correlations are not absolute and, therefore, it should not be inferred that all e antigen-positive individuals will develop chronic hepatitis nor, conversely, that presence of e antibody invariably protects against the development of chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:Studies of the "e" antigen in acute and chronic hepatitis. 5 74

One hundred liver biopsies from 100 patients with clinical presumptive diagnosis of hepatitis were examined by immunofluorescence for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg). Of the 60 HBsAg-positive livers, 51 were diagnosed as chronic hepatitis on histological grounds, 6 as acute hepatitis, and 3 as "near-normal liver." From the 60 tissue-positive cases, 3 subjects were HBsAg seronegative. HBcAg was detected in 44 livers, all of which also had HBcAg in the localized in the cytoplasm and the membranes of the hepatocytes, and HBcAg in the nuclei and in 4 cases also in the cytoplasm. Predominant HBsAg expression in the cytoplasm was observed in near-normal liver, chronic persistent hepatitis, and cirrhosis with little activity. This correlated with the amount of ground glass hepatocytes in the biopsies. HBcAg and membrane-localized HBsAg were minimal in those conditions. HBcAg was most prevalent in patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis and active cirrhosis treated with immunosuppressive drugs, whereas the amounts of HBsAg and HBcAg in nontreated patients of those two groups and in acute hepatitis with signs of transition to chronicity were almost equal. HBsAg expression in liver cell membranes was most prominent in active forms of chronic hepatitis (chronic aggressive hepatitis and in active cirrhosis) and in acute hepatitis with signs of transition to chronicity. This observation correlated in the presence of HBcAg in the biopsies of those patients. In acute hepatitis both HBsAg and HBcAg were detected rarely and no membrane expression of HBsAg was observed. The over-all results show a significant relationship between the different degrees of accumulation of HBsAg and HBcAg in the liver and the various histological types of hepatitis and further suggest an interplay of both hepatitis B virus and host immune response in the development and pathogenesis of hepatitis B.
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PMID:Differential distribution of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antigen in the liver of hepatitis B patients. 5 75


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