Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is proposed that some cases of biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis may be initiated by an adverse effect of unsaturated monohydroxy bile acids on the fetal and infantile hepatobiliary system. The hypothesis is founded on morphological observations in patients with biliary atresia and on the toxic effects of monohydroxy bile acids on the hepatobiliary system.
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PMID:Unsaturated monohydroxy bile acids as a cause of idiopathic obstructive cholangiopathy. 5 56

"e" is a serum antigen associated with type-B hepatitis. It is found only in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive sera, but is antigenically distinct from HBsAg. e antigen was not detected in the serum of any of 99 cases of acute type-B hepatitis who recovered normally. Its antibody, anti-e, was found in 14 (14%). The antibody usually appeared before clearance of HBsAg and before appearance of HBsAb. Serum e was not detected in any of 29 symptom-free carriers of HBsAg, but 21 (73%) showed anti-e. Serum e was found in chronic active hepatitis (44%) and chronic persistent hepatitis (31%). The antibody, however, was detected in only 2 of 79 patients with chronic active hepatitis but in 7 (44%) of chronic persistent hepatitis. Serum e was not found in 5 patients with primary liver-cell carcinoma or 5 with inactive HBsAg-positive cirrhosis. The antibody was, however, found in all 5 of those with inactive cirrhosis and in 4 of the 5 with primary cancer. These results suggest that the presence of e antigen is associated with active and usually continuing liver disease. Anti-e, however, is associated with inactive liver disease and asymptomatic carriage of HBsAg, and its presence must be regarded as a valuable sign in predicting those who will escape progressive chronic liver disease.
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PMID:Incidence and clinical significance of e antigen and antibody in acute and chronic liver disease. 5 57

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (R.I.A.), allowing simultaneous detection and quantitation either of HB, Ag or of anti-HBs, was applied to check the spread of hepatitis-B virus (H.B.V.) infections in various groups of population. R.I.A. procedures were also used to validate positive reactions and to determine the subtype specificity of sera. The overall prevalence of neutralizing anti-HBs in tested sera was almost 4-fold higher, although generally at rather low titres, than prevalence of HBs Ag. Frequency of HBs Ag and anti-HBs was rather high among healthy individuals from the normal Italian population and was extremely high among individuals from East Africa (Tanzania), as well as among healthy or sub-normal institutionalized subjects, among dialyzed renal patients and unselected blood-donors from 5 Italian towns. 80.2% of HBs Ag and anti-HBs detected in Italy were ay subtype, while most of positive sera from Tanzania (72.3%) were ad, which extends the map of H.B.V. subtypes in Africa. All tested ad antigens, either from Italy and from Tanzania, carried the w secondary determinant. Low-titre neutralizing anti-HBs, predominantly bearing a and d specificity, were also found in almost all examined preparations of standard immunoglobulins, which were imported from U.S.A.
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PMID:Spread of hepatitis-B infections. A seroepidemiologic study. 5 86

Viral-hepatitis-like hepatic damage ("aprindin hepatitis") developed in a 50-year-old woman after taking aprindin, the cause of the jaundice being confirmed by the same signs occurring when the drug was taken again after initial withdrawal.
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PMID:[Jaundice after aprindin (author's transl)]. 5 46

Electromicroscopy of fluid, squeezed from excised and frozen precipitation lines obtained by immunoelectrophoresis in agarose gels of acute-phase sera from patients with HBAg-negative hepatitis, revealed particles of 22, 27, and 31-41 nm. These precipitates and particles were not present in normal human sera and disappeared from the sera of the patients after recovery. These particles were still demonstrable after two years' storage at -20 degrees C.
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PMID:Virus-like particles demonstrated by freeze-squeeze technique in acute-phase serum of patients with HBAg-negative hepatitis. 5 19

Acute liver-lesion was observed in a 77 years old women, using a preparate "Hungaria L. 7" consisting 7,8 percent of Lindan, without keeping directions for use. In 24 hours onset of toxic exanthema, lack of appetite, and abdominal pains were seen. After a longlasting discomfort and loss of weight on the 4th week jaundice have occurred. In the liver biopsy specimen microscopically centrolobular necrosis of lytic type, steatosis and a moderate periportal inflammatory reaction was revealed. On the electron micrographs steatosis and paralelly arranged osmiophilic inclusions in the mitochondria seemed to the most characteristic feature. Authors stress that in cases of acute liver lesions careful analysis of the history may evidence a toxic origin of the lesion, and the latter morfologically--as it is demonstrated in the presented case--can be distinguished from the acute virus-hepatitis.
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PMID:[Light- and electron-microscopic changes in liver cells of a patient with acute liver damage caused by Lindane]. 5 71

A total of 306 individuals from South Vietnam were studied: 61 had a diagnosis of primary liver cancer (38 had a tissue diagnosis, and 23 had a clinical diagnosis and a positive alpha-fetoprotein); 9 had viral hepatitis; 101 were hospitalized patients (60 with various other forms of liver disease and 41 without liver disease); 94 were blood donors; 29 were drug users, and 12 were medical students. Alpha-fetoprotein was present in 45 of 61 (74%) of those with a diagnois of primary liver cancer (PLC) and in none of the other patients. Using immunoelectroosmophoresis, hepatitis BS antigen (HBSAg) was found no more frequently in those with PLC than in the other groups studied. In contrast, using a radioimmunoassay technique HBSAg was present 3 to 8 times as frequently in the PLC patients as in other subjects without viral hepatitis. There was a close relationship between the presence of alpha-fetoprotein and HBSAg in the patients with PLC. Malaria seropositivity rates were no different in the PLC groups than the other groups. It appears that in South Vietnam PLC is associated with an increased frequency of HBSAg.
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PMID:Hepatitis BS antigen, malaria titers, and primary liver cancer in South Vietnam. 5 72

Follow-up study of 40 children suffering from chronic hepatitis. The diagnosis was made by liver needle biopsy with the Menghini method, when clinical signs or laboratory data of liver disease had lasted for more than 6 months. 24 patients showed the histological pattern of the aggressiv type of chronic hepatitis according to the definition of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (1968). In this group only 5 children had autoantibodies in the serum (so-called lupoid hepatitis). The HBAg positive courses played the most important part in the chronic persistent group as well as in the aggressive one. According to literature only the patients with the aggressive type have been treated with prednison, because chronic persistent hepatitis has a good prognosis without any treatment. In nearly all cases high transaminases and gammaglobulin levels decreased during the treatment with prednison, whereas the histological signs of inflammation seldom changed. Cirrhosis of the liver has developed in 2 HBAg positive patients of the aggressive group, who had not consequently received their daily dose of prednison.
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PMID:[Studies on juvenile chronic hepatitis]. 5 74

Of 279 cardiac-surgery patients receiving a mean of twelve transfusions, 47 had significantly increased transaminase concentrations 14 to 180 days postoperatively and 10 were icteric. Preoperatively, each patient randomly received high-titre HbsAb gamma-globulin, normal gamma-globulin, or placebo and was followed at intervals for 9 months. Only 3 patients had serological evidence of hepatitis-B infection. 3 additional patients had serological evidence of cytomegalovirus infection, while none had evidence of hepatitis-A or Epstein-Barr infection. Less icteric hepatitis occurred in patients receiving the gamma-globulin preparations (P = 0-003), and the overall frequency of hepatitis was significantly reduced when compared with recipients of placebo. The protective effects of the two gamma-globulin preparations were not significantly different. Most post-transfusion hepatitis tody is neither viral hepatitis type B nor type A, and its severity and transmission are reduced by pre-transfusion gamma-globulin.
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PMID:Efficacy of prophylactic gamma-globulin in preventing non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis. 5 38

7 members of a family of 14 developed acute viral hepatitis approximately one month after a family outing. Epidemiological investigation incriminated incompletely cooked mussels (Mytilus edulis) as the vehicle of infection and revealed a statistically significant difference in attack-rates between mussel-ingesters (70%) and non-ingesters (0%) (P=0-035). The aetiological role of hepatitis-A virus, suspected on epidemiological grounds, was serologically confirmed by the demonstration of rises in titres of serum-antibody to hepatitis-A antigen (serologically related to the MS-1 strain of hepatitis-A virus), determined by immune adherence haemagglutination.
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PMID:Mussel-associated viral hepatitis, type A: serological confirmation. 5 39


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