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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ninety-seven cases of liver disease in pregnancy confirmed by pathological examination were studied. The results showed that in addition to virus hepatitis (58.8%), which was the leading cause, there were quite a proportion of other liver diseases. Among these acute fatty liver of pregnancy accounted for 18.6%, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy were 16.5%. The causes of misdiagnosis and the bases for differential diagnosis were discussed. It was considered that early pathological examination of liver and other morphological study were important in diagnosis of liver diseases in pregnancy.
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PMID:[Pathological and clinical study on 80 cases of liver disease in pregnancy]. 129 Dec 16

There was an epidemic of non-A non-B hepatitis in a small area of a town in the central part of Japan, which began with an outbreak of several patients in 1981 and then spread extensively with the result that about one third of the inhabitants showed abnormality in serum liver function tests at the health check performed in 1985. We determined histological diagnoses on that occasion for 167 individuals of the abnormal population and recently assayed antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV) for most of their sera left available. Histologically, chronic active hepatitis (CAH) was the major pattern, accounting for 59.3% (99 cases) of the total. Others were chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) (13.2%), chronic lobular hepatitis (CLH) (16.2%), liver cirrhosis (LC) (6.6%) and fatty liver (4.8%). In the serological studies, the newly developed system to detect antibodies against the viral core protein p 22 was found to be much more sensitive than the conventional system to detect anti C 100-3 antibodies. By using these two methods in combination, we found that 82% were antibody-positive, indicating strong implication of HCV in this epidemic. This was further supported by direct detection of the viral genome in patients' sera by polymerase chain reaction following reverse transcription. We further found a strong correlation between the histological inflammatory activity and the antibody prevalence, since nearly all (97.6%) of the CAH cases were antibody-positive by at least either of the antibody assays, while only about 50% were positive in the less active cases such as CPH and CLH.
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PMID:Correlation between detection of anti-viral antibody and histopathological disease activity in an epidemic of hepatitis C. 138 9

A community health survey of 923 residents aged 30 years or more was performed in Putai Township of Taiwan. To elucidate the relationships between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and surrogate tests for non-A, non-B hepatitis in hyperendemic areas of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglycerides, cholesterol, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) were examined. Glucose tolerance tests and the history of diabetes treatment were used to define the diabetes status. Fatty liver was diagnosed by sonography. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 2.6% (95% confidence interval, 1.6-3.6%). Elevated ALT and fatty liver were significantly associated with anti-HCV in univariate analysis. Anti-HCV was not an associated factor for fatty liver after adjusting for serum triglycerides and cholesterol, sex, body mass index and diabetes status through multiple logistic regression. However elevated ALT was still associated with anti-HCV after adjusting for serum triglycerides, sex, body mass index, HBsAg and age through multiple linear regression. The anti-HCV prevalence was similar between HBsAg-positive and negative subjects. Aggregation of HCV infection was found among spouses. It was concluded that elevated ALT and intimate contact with HCV carriers might be associated factors for HCV infection, and that HBV infection and fatty liver were not related to HCV infection in Taiwan.
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PMID:Relationship between fatty liver, alanine aminotransferase, HBsAg and hepatitis C virus. 138 55

We present pathologic findings for 52 livers (51 autopsy specimens and one wedge biopsy specimen) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hepatic congestion was the most common disease (40 livers), followed by fatty liver (38), arteritis (11), cholestasis (nine), peliosis hepatis (six), chronic persistent hepatitis (six), nonspecific reactive hepatitis (five), cholangiolitis (four), nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver (three), and hemangioma (three). The data obtained here suggest that arteritis of the SLE liver is more common than has been recognized previously. One patient had hepatic infarction complications induced by arteritis. On the basis of the findings in the present study and a review of the literature, we suggest that hepatic infarction resulting from arteritis is rare in SLE. On the other hand, while occurrence of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver in SLE patients has been considered to be rare, our findings suggest that it may be more common than has been recognized previously. Although congestion and cholestasis may be acute terminal illnesses, fatty change is considered to be specific to the SLE liver. Statistical analysis indicates that exposure to a large dosage of glucocorticoids is a significant factor in the etiology of severe fatty liver. In addition, our review of Japanese autopsy registry data for 1,468 patients with SLE indicates that the incidence of chronic liver diseases in SLE autopsy cases is as follows: chronic hepatitis, 2.4%; cirrhosis, 1.1%; and liver fibrosis, 0.8%.
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PMID:The liver in systemic lupus erythematosus: pathologic analysis of 52 cases and review of Japanese Autopsy Registry Data. 139 43

Four markers for hepatic fibrosis--N-terminal peptide of Type III procollagen (PIIIP), Laminin P1 (laminin), Type IV collagen (Type IV-C), and 7S domain (7S)--were measured in the sera of 90 patients with various chronic liver diseases diagnosed by liver biopsy--fatty liver (FL), chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), and liver cirrhosis (LC)--and in the sera of 20 healthy controls. The values of markers were compared with the grade of histologic findings of the liver. Four markers were significantly raised in the CAH group and the LC group, and they were considered to be indicators of hepatic fibrosis. PIIIP reflected necrosis and inflammation as well as fibrosis of the liver. Laminin, Type IV-C, and 7S reflected severe fibrosis. 7S was considered to be useful marker for liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of measurement of PIIIP, laminin P1, type IV-C and 7S in patients with chronic liver diseases--with special reference to histological findings]. 140 88

Opsonic glycoprotein, alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein concentration was studied in the serum of 753 patients with various hematological, malignant, immunological, metabolic, endocrine and liver diseases and 68 healthy controls. Decreased serum alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein levels were detected in patients with acute leukemias, chronic granulocyte and myelomonocyte leukemias, lymphomas, myelofibrosis, multiple myeloma, metastatizing solid tumors, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, acute alcoholic hepatitis, fatty liver, chronic active hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, acute and chronic pancreatitis, and Crohn's disease. Elevated levels were measured in patients with B and NANB/C hepatitis. Further decreased levels were observed in some groups with secondary infections. Serum alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein levels are affected by many factors, influencing the synthesis and elimination of the protein. The detection of serum alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein concentration has no specific diagnostic value as a marker for tumors or other diseases, however, its determination can be useful for the assessment of a non-specific regulator of the host defence.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of the determination of serum alpha2-HS-glycoprotein]. 140 55

To assess the diagnostic value of radioimmunoassay determination of serum levels of glycocholic acid in alcohol-induced chronic diffuse hepatic lesions, this technique was compared by sensitivity and informative content with conventional hepatic tests. Hepatocytic function was measured in combined examination of 83 patients and 30 controls. It is shown that serum glycocholic acid concentration permits detection of early alcohol defects of the liver, excretory dysfunction in particular, control of cholestatic changes, of transformation of hepatic steatosis into hepatitis or cirrhosis, evaluation of cholestasis. The above radioimmunoassay is a useful prognostic tool in decompensated alcohol cirrhosis of the liver.
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PMID:[Clinical value of determining serum levels of glycocholic acid in alcoholic lesions of the liver]. 146 Aug 24

Although liver dysfunction is infrequently seen in pregnancy, it can result in severe maternal and fetal compromise. An unrecognized case of acute fatty liver may result in both maternal and fetal death. Failure to screen for hepatitis B can result in a newborn who will be a hepatitis carrier for life. Because of such consequences, the obstetrician must remain vigilant for signs of liver dysfunction and must understand the pathophysiology of these disorders.
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PMID:Pregnancies complicated by liver disease and liver dysfunction. 148 58

Hepatic steatosis is a common liver biopsy finding. As a preamble to a study of nonA, nonB hepatitis we aimed to determine the clinical associations in patients who had hepatic steatosis on biopsy. All liver biopsies performed in the gastroenterology department at Auckland Hospital between 1986 and 1989 were reviewed for evidence of steatosis and the clinical associations analysed. Steatosis was present in 69 (43.7%) of 158 liver biopsy specimens with 35 being mild (47%), 29 moderate (45%) and five severe (7%). Excess alcohol intake was the probable aetiological association in 28 (45%), obesity in 17 (27%) and diabetes mellitus in seven (11%). No causal association could be identified in 17 (24%) and included three of the five cases with severe steatosis. There were no significant differences in clinical presentation, biochemistry or hepatic histopathology between alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatosis. Nonalcoholic steatosis appeared to be more benign with only one case of cirrhosis but further follow up is required to determine true prognosis.
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PMID:The clinical associations with hepatic steatosis: a retrospective study. 154 74

The work deals with a group of 212 patients suffering from various forms of precirrhotic alcoholic liver disease and includes a period of 8.5 years (January 1981-June 1989). At least two liver biopsies were performed in all patients. according to the histological diagnosis, the patients were distributed into 6 subgroups: simple hepatic steatosis--24 cases (11.3%), hepatic fibrosis--40 cases (18.8%), hepatic steatofibrosis--69 cases (32.5%), acute alcoholic hepatitis--18 cases (8.5%), chronic active hepatitis--43 cases (20.3%) and chronic persisting hepatitis--18 cases (8.5%). The assessed histological parameters included: fatty transformation, hepatic fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrate within the lobules and in the portal spaces, hepatocellular necrosis, cholestasis, proliferation of the bile ductules and modification of the lobular architectonic. The work is aimed at pointing out the precirrhotic hepatic histological lesions induced by alcohol and fraught with an increased risk of progression towards liver cirrhosis. The histological sequential examination of alcoholic hepatic lesions confirm the possibility of progression and installation of the cirrhotic stage for a number of these lesions. Liver cirrhosis developed in 44 patients (20.7%) within a period of 3-7 years, on an average 5.5 years. The progression toward cirrhosis occurred in 12 patients (5.7%) with steatofibrosis, in 11 (5.2%) with hepatic fibrosis, in 14 (6.6%) with an intralobular inflammatory infiltrate, in 17 (8%) with hepatocellular necrosis, in 3 (1.4%) with cholestasis, in 5 (2.3%) with proliferation of the bile ductules and in 10 patients (4.7%) with a modification of the lobular architectonic. In addition, cirrhosis was detected in 8 patients (3.8%) with alcoholic hepatitis and in 13 patients (6.1%) with chronic active hepatitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The criteria of histological activity and the prognosis in precirrhotic alcoholic hepatopathies]. 167 Jan 14


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