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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 18 cases undergone reoperation because of perforation after the initial operation for primary and secondary chronic empyema during the period from 1974 through August 1986, we evaluated findings of fistula, procedures and causes of failure of the initial operation, and procedures and results of reoperation. Subjects consisted of 16 cases of chronic empyema complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, 1 case of group III nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, and 1 case of chronic empyema secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. All patients had fistula at the initial operation. The initial operation was performed by Kinchu method in 8 cases, pulmonary detachment in 6 cases, and thoracic cavity reduction chiefly by a modification of Grow's method in 4 cases. The initial operation failed because of incomplete closure of the fistula in 11 cases (61%) and appearance of new fistula in 7 cases (39%). In reoperation, the fistula was closed by pedicle muscle plombage in 1 case undergone the initial operation by Kinchu method, while thoracic cavity reduction chiefly by a modification of Grow's method in all of the other 17 cases. After the operation, 15 patients (83%) were cured, 16 patients (89%) could be socially rehabilitated and 2 patients (11%) had recurrence of empyema. Two recurrent patients died from hepatitis and exacerbation of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, respectively. Out of 10 patients undergone pedicle muscle plombage, 8 patients (80%) were cured. From these findings, we consider that the results of one stage operation can be improved by applying pedicle muscle plombage for closure of fistula after the initial operation following treatment with effective antibiotics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Study on postoperative perforation in patients with chronic empyema--reoperated cases]. 225 53

This paper reviews the safety data for levofloxacin utilizing reports from clinical and post-marketing surveillance trials. The side effect incidence rates are 1.3% for nausea, 0.1% for anxiety, 0.3% for insomnia, and 0.1% for headache. No levofloxacin-related adverse events were reported at a rate higher than 1.3%, and most were lower. Four clinical trials were reported. Levofloxacin achieved superior clinical and microbiological results compared to ceftriaxone/macrolide combination, and was better tolerated. Results comparing IV azithromycin plus ceftriaxone versus 500 mg levofloxacin in hospitalised CAP demonstrated that levofloxacin performed better, with more adverse events associated with the comparators (levofloxacin 5.3%, comparators 9.3%). High-dose levofloxacin (750 mg) was also evaluated and found to be well tolerated. Surveillance data reported low ADR rates for levofloxacin: nausea 0.8%, rash 0.5%, abdominal pain 0.4%, and diarrhoea, dizziness, and vomiting 0.3%. Worldwide and US surveillance data confirmed that tendon rupture occurred in less than 4 per million prescriptions, taste perversion in less than 3 per million, convulsions in 2 per million, and photosensitivity, hepatitis, hepatic failure, QT prolongation, torsade de pointes or empyema all in less than 1 per million.
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PMID:Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in the US. 1154 87

An apparatus for automatic lung straightening may be used in medical technologies employed in thoracic (lung) surgery in the postoperative rehabilitation of a patient. This apparatus may automatically (without a physician's or a nurse observance) maintain tension relief in the pleural cavity in the patient on an individual basis, which is required for complete lung strengthening. Its use greatly reduces the number of postoperative complications in the lung, such as residual cavities, edema, and empyema of the pleura. This apparatus is to go into quantity production as a cheap, expendable device to prevent AIDS and hepatitis.
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PMID:[Use of an apparatus for automatic lung straightening in the management of the pleural cavity in the postoperative period]. 1183 94

The objective of our study is to understand the clinical features of patients with acute respiratory tract infection associated with Streptococcus milleri group (SMG). Fifteen patients with SMG respiratory tract infection visited our hospital from July, 1997 through May, 2000. There were seven cases of pneumonia, two pulmonary abscess, three thoracic empyema and three acute bronchitis. The mean age of the patients was 57.8 years (range 16-87), twelve were males, and seven were smokers. The moderately to severe underlying diseases existed in thirteen patients (86.7%) and included the following: respiratory diseases (20.0%), history of the esophageal or gastric surgery (26.7%), central nerve system diseases (13.3%), alcohol intake (60.0%), hepatitis and pancreatitis (33.3%), diabetes mellitus (13.3%) and malignancy (6.7%). The species of SMG detected were as follows: S. constellatus, 8, S. anginosus, 6 and S. intermedius, 1. Anaerobic organism and other microorganisms were detected in five patients. A patient with SMG nosocominal pneumonia who previously had thoracic surgery for esophageal cancer died. Antibiotics therapy with carbapenem or combination therapy, drainage and no surgery, were successful in 14 of the 15 cases (93.3%). The number of intermediately or complete resistant strains against penicillin G, ampicillin and cefmetazole were 5 (33.3%), 8 (53.3%) and 12 (80.0%), respectively in this series. Recently, it is seemed that acute respiratory tract infections caused by SMG are increasing in the patients with moderately to severe underlying diseases, and several clinical strains of SMG are acquiring a tolerance to antibiotics.
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PMID:[A three-year review of acute respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus milleri group]. 1197 85

We report a patient with fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (FCH)-like syndrome in renal transplant recipient, who was negative for hepatitis-B and C-virus infection. The patient presented initially with extrahepatic biliary obstruction due to stricture at the lower end of the common bile duct. Cholestasis persisted inspite of effective biliary drainage. He was operated for empyema of the gallbladder and histological examination showed the presence of cytomegalovirus inclusions in the wall of the gallbladder. The patient died inspite of aggressive management; autopsy examination of the liver revealed evidence of FCH-like changes.
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PMID:Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis-like syndrome in a hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus-negative renal transplant recipient: a case report with autopsy findings. 1297 14

65 years old female was admitted to hospital with fever, purulent sputum and dyspnea. The patient has hepatic cirrhosis secondary to autoimmune hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunosuppressive treatment is used for autoimmune hepatitis. In physical examination matute and diminished respiratory sounds were determined at right hemithorax. Ascitis was determined in abdominal examination. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusion in right hemithorax. Serohemorrhagic fluid was aspirated by thoraco-synthesis. Pleural fluid pH was 6.9 and had an exudative nature. The patient was the diagnosed as empyema. Right tube thoracostomy was performed and sulbactam-ampicillin 6 g/day therapy was started. In patient's ascite fluid no bacteria and leucocytes was seen. Salmonella typhi was isolated from pleural fluid. No microorganisms were isolated from ascite fluid, urine and stool culture. Klebsiella pneumoniae is isolated in patient's hemoculture. Clinical improving was detected. Chest X-ray showed total regression of pleural fluid and the tube thoracostomy removed. We presented this case because of rarely seen microorganism (S. typhi) in immunocompromised patients a cause of pleural empyema which is frequently seen gastrointestinal infections.
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PMID:[Pleural empyema due to Salmonella typhi]. 1645 41

Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. pneumoniae ) has been associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which is an unusual but serious disease in childhood. We conducted a retrospective review of children aged less than 18 years with S. pneumoniae -associated HUS in northern Taiwan from January 2000 to June 2005. The demographic characters, clinical courses, and outcomes were analyzed. Seven children (three girls, four boys) with S. pneumoniae -associated HUS were studied. The median age at onset of HUS was 40 months (range: 25-60 months). The median duration of hospital stay was 36 days (range: 15-50 days). The interval between the onset of illness attributable to S. pneumoniae and the development of HUS was around 1-2 weeks. The onset of oliguria developed within 2 weeks after illness. Six patients required dialysis with median duration of 16 days. Three patients had leukopenia as the initial presentation. All seven patients had pneumococcal pneumonia complicating with empyema, and two of them received decortication via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Between patients who needed dialysis or not, there was no significant difference in age, sex, duration of thrombocytopenia, incidence of extra-renal complications, such as hepatitis, pancreatitis, and hypertension, and length of hospital stay. The seven patients survived with normal renal function. HUS is a potentially fatal complication of S. pneumoniae infection. Clinicians managing patients with pneumococcal pneumonia with empyema accompanied by leukopenia should beware of the development of HUS. The long-term prognosis for recovery of renal function appears to be good in these patients in northern Taiwan.
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PMID:Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with pneumococcal pneumonia in Taiwan. 1650 93

While some cases of nocardial pneumonia develop secondary empyema, tension pyopneumothorax is a very rare and lethal complication. A 74-year-old man who exhibited thrombocytopenia during steroid therapy for autoimmune hepatitis, presented to our department with a nocardial tension pyopneumothorax. He underwent a left lower lobectomy after chest drainage, and was discharged without any complication other than reoperation to remove a postoperative hematoma.
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PMID:Surgery of a nocardia lung abscess presenting as a tension pyopneumothorax. 2838 28

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a disease common among adolescents in the United States. Frequently, symptoms include sore throat, malaise, fevers, lymphadenopathy, and abdominal pain. Severe complications have been reported such as splenic rupture, acute upper airway obstruction, hepatitis, acute renal failure, and hematological and neurological complications. The mainstay of treatment is supportive care. Steroids are recommended for impending airway obstruction and hematological complications. However, steroids are commonly used in uncomplicated cases of IM, with insufficient evidence on the efficacy of steroids for symptom control. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the adverse effects and long-term complications of steroid use for IM. We present a case of an adolescent boy who presented to his primary care physician with symptoms consistent with uncomplicated IM that was treated with a prolonged course of steroids. Subsequently, he developed worsening symptoms, including fevers, headache, vomiting, and left-sided facial swelling. He presented to a pediatric emergency department in decompensated septic shock as a result of polymicrobial bacteremia. During his hospital course, he developed pulmonary septic emboli, a sinus thrombus, an empyema, and orbital cellulitis complicated by Pott puffy tumor. In this case report, we summarize the current literature on steroid treatment of uncomplicated IM and highlight how our case addresses the use and possible complications of prolonged steroid use in uncomplicated IM.
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PMID:Severe Complications From Infectious Mononucleosis After Prolonged Steroid Therapy. 3185 Oct 74