Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Purified and concentrated preparations of Australia antigen had no stimulating effect on leukocytes of human subjects under study when tested either on DNA-polymerase activity, 3H-thymidine uptake or chromosomal alterations. Moreover, in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver no correlation between antigenemia and chromosome aberrations in blood leukocyte cultures could be detected. On the other hand, a serum obtained from a virus hepatitis patient with Australia antigen in the blood was found to stimulate leukocyte cultures from one patient with Down's syndrome and antigenemia, one mentally retarded patient and three normal donors. This stimulating agent is obviously not associated with Australia antigen.
 ...
PMID:Investigation of the nature of Australia antigen. I: The absence of biological activity of Australia antigen in human blood leukocyte culture. 12 42

Sera from 521 residents of an institution for the mentally retarded near Helsinki, Finland were examined by a hemagglutination assay to determine the distribution and titers of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). 36.1% were found to contain anti-HBs. Factors were identified which are related to the presence or absence of anti-HBs in this population. A documented past history of hepatitis, living in "asocial" wards in which at least one HBsAg carrier was present, long institutionalization (is greater than 10 yrs.), admission to the institution between ages 5 and 19, a present age between 20 and 39, and being male were associated with the presence of anti-HBs. 43.5% of the males but only 22.2% of the females had antibody. Down's syndrome patients had lower titers but not lower frequencies of anti-HBs than the non Down's patients.
 ...
PMID:Antibody to hepatitis B antigen (Australia antigen) among residents of a Finnish institution for the mentally retarded. 12 6

The recent observation by Arndt-Hansen et al. (1974) of increased frequency of blood group A over group O in blood donors positive for the hepatitis associated antigen has been investigated in Down's syndrome, in order to establish if this could account for the increased frequency of the antigen in that syndrome. Seventy-one of 227 subjects with Down's syndrome (31.3%) were found to be positive for the antigen by haemagglutination, and comparison of these with the HAA-subjects failed to reveal any differences in the ABO blood groups.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis associated antigen and the ABO locus in Down's syndrome. 12 67

Hepatitis-Associated (Australia) Antigen (HAA) was detected in 13 (5.8%) of 223 patients with Down's syndrome and in 14 (3.7%) of 378 patients with other forms of mental retardation. The frequency of HAA was 2.4 per cent in 127 noninstitutionalized patients with Down's syndrome, and 10.4 per cent in 96 institutionalized patients. The frequency of HAA with Down's syndrome was lower on the average in Japan than in the United States or Germany. HAA was detected in one (1.3%) of 78 mothers of infants with Down's syndrome. Our study suggests that maternal exposure to HAA, as reflected by the presence of either HAA or anti-HAA, was not associated with the subsequent birth of an infant with Down's syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen and Down's syndrome. 12 83

The presentation of one individual with HBAg-positive hepatitis in a semi-closed community led to the testing of 262 intellectually-handicapped persons and staff-members and to the detection of 12 others who were HBAg-positive. Only the presenting case and one other became unwell with hepatitis. Three other HBAg-positive individuals became negative within three months, none showing clinical or biochemical evidence of hepatitis. The remaining eight persons were still HBAg-positive six months later. Four of these had biochemical abnormalities suggesting they had suffered anicteric hepatitis while the remainder, three of whom had Down's syndrome, had no such changes and are therefore considered to be carriers of the infective agent.
 ...
PMID:Survey of HBag hepatitis infection in a semi-closed community. 12 13

Data obtained concerning Hepatitis B as a possible couse of Down's syndrome, neonatal hepatitis, and the occurrence of Hepatitis A and B in institutionalized Down's syndrome and matched non-Down's syndrome retarded patients was summarized. The results of our studies indicated that Hepatitis B infection during pregnancy was not related to the genetic changes associated with Down's syndrome. It was further indicated that in institutionalized patients the incidence of Hepatitis B infection in both Down's syndrome and other mentally retarded patients was similar. Within the institition we studied, the incidence of Hepatitis B varied among wards. This ward variation seemed to be related to age at time of institutionalization and degree of mental retardation. Those patients with most retardation and those institutionalized at an early age were placed on wards with highest incidence of Hepatitis B antigenemia.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis and Down's syndrome. 12 5

Institutionalized patients with Down syndrome and matched controls with other causes of mental retardation were tested by immune adherence hemagglutination for the presence of antibody to hepatitis A antigen (anti-HA). Altogether 75.1% (175 of 233) exhibited presence of anti-HA, with no differences by sex or age. Patients reactive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or its antibody (anti-HBs) were reactive for anti-HA significantly more frequently than those with a negative reaction for these markers. In contrast to serologic markers of hepatitis type B, prevalence of anti-HA does not depend on the cause of mental retardation or on the age at primary infection. The rate of anti-HA positivity was found to be closely correlated with duration of institutionalization. The study confirmed that many closed institutions for the mentally retarded are hyperendemic for hepatitis type A and that formation of anti-HA is not greatly affected by either immune deficiency or immune immaturity.
 ...
PMID:Antibody to hepatitis A antigen in institutionalized mentally retarded patients. 13 79

The observation elsewhere (Drew and Rundle, 1977) that increase frequencies of the C5 + variant of the serum cholinesterase in Down's syndrome may be due to a protective influence against adverse environmental factors has been investigated for such factors as age, sex, duration of institutionalisation, presence of the hepatitis -B antigen and maternal age. With the exception of the maternal age none of the factors tested appear to affect the circulating levels of cholinesterase. A maternal age effect in the Down's subjects was detected with lower levels of the enzyme being found in the subject positive for the C5 + variant born to mothers over thirty-five years when compared to the C5 + subjects born to mothers under thirty-five years. Further studies confirmed the presence of a relationship between maternal age, serum cholinesterase levels and haptoglobin phenotypes.
 ...
PMID:Serum cholinesterase (pseudocholinesterase) in Down's syndrome: 2. Quantitative levels. 14

One hundred and thirty-eight patients and 248 staff of Templeton Hospital and Training School were examined for hepatitis B surface ant,gen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-Hbs) during a 14 month period. Sixty percent of the patients showed either HBsAg or anti-HBs. Twelve of 38 Down's syndrome and 10 of 100 intellectually handicapped patients were identified as asymptomatic carriers of HBsAg. Patients from 12 of the 19 residential units were sampled and some patients from all the units sampled had either HBsAg or anti-HBs. Twenty-five staff had detectable anti-HBs. Seventeen of these were psychopaedic nurses, employed in a psychopaedic hospital between three and 39 years (average 11.4 years). Only six of the nurses with anti-HBs had a pase history of hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:HBsAg and anti-HBs in staff and patients of a psychopaedic hospital. 14 72

A total of 426 persons were studied in an attempt to more clearly define the high prevalence of hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) seen among institutionalized persons. HBsAg was found in 63.4 percent of the children and young adults with Down's syndrome (DS) at the Central Wisconsin Center (CWC) and in 45.5 percent of those at the Northern Wisconsin Center (NWC). Significantly more subjects with DS had hepatitis-B antigenemia than age- and sex-matched non-DS institutionalized subjects. Antibody (anti-HBs) to HBsAg was found in 19.5 percent of the DS subjects at CWC and in 38.6 percent of those at NWC. The prevalence of anti-HBs was similar among DS and non-DS institutionalized subjects. None of the noninstitutionalized subjects had HBsAg in their serums and their anti-HBs prevalence was low (2.1 percent). HBsAg was found to persist for at least 10 years in both DS and non-DS institutionalized subjects. However, persistence occurred more frequently among DS subjects. Anti-HBs persisted at least 10 years among non-DS subjects, but DS subjects tended to lose antibody sooner. The study findings indicated that the high prevalence of HBsAg seen in institutionalized DS subjects at CWC and NWC were not related to the age of the subject at admission nor to the duration of institutionalization.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis-B surface antigen and antibody: prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons. 15 81


1 2 3 Next >>