Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antibodies to the factor present in the homogenate of the organs of minks experimentally infected with aleutian disease (AD) were revealed in the sera of minks with AD and also in the sera of humans suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatitis and cirrhosis, scleroderma and dermatomyositis. Sera of sick minks and humans failed to interact with control homogenates of the organs of healthy minks. In turn, sera of practically healthy minks and humans did not react with the AD-homogenate.
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PMID:[Homogenate factor of minks with Aleutian disease]. 121 66

We have defined the clinical presentation and course of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (X-LA) by means of a multi-center retrospective survey of 96 patients. Infections were the most common presenting feature of patients with X-LA. The most frequent infections involved the upper respiratory tract (75%), lower respiratory tract (65%), gastrointestinal tract (35%), skin (28%), and central nervous system (16%). Clinical clues to the diagnosis of X-LA were the chronic or recurrent nature of infections, a family history of immunodeficiency, and infections at more than one anatomic location. Infections remained a significant problem after the diagnosis of X-LA was made and gamma-globulin prophylaxis had been instituted. One or more chronic infectious diseases occurred in 71% of patients. The respiratory tract was the most common site of disease, and the gastrointestinal tract was relatively spared. Patients died at a mean age of 17 years. The two major causes of death were chronic pulmonary disease with resultant cardiac failure, and disseminated viral infections which characteristically caused a dermatomyositis-like syndrome, hepatitis, pneumonitis, and meningoencephalitis.
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PMID:X-linked agammaglobulinemia: an analysis of 96 patients. 258 Nov 10

This paper reports on an unusually slowly progressing course seen in systemic vasculitis of the median and smaller arteries and small veins associated with dermatomyositis, chronically active hepatitis, glomerulonephritis of the immune complex and restrictive cardiomyopathy in a 35-year-old patient. The authors discuss the difficulties in establishing the diagnosis and in finding the exact classification of this disease.
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PMID:[An unusual slow course of systemic vasculitis with multiorgan involvement]. 271 35

Patients with agammaglobulinemia are particularly susceptible to chronic enteroviral infections of the central nervous system. Data on 42 patients were obtained by literature review, communications with other physicians, and personal experiences. Thirty-eight patients had congenital immunodeficiencies, most frequently X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Most patients who could be assessed were receiving maintenance therapy with intramuscular gamma-globulin before their enteroviral infection. Seven patients had not been recognized as hypogammaglobulinemic before the onset of infection. The commonest pathogens were echoviruses (37 of 41 cases), especially type 11 (11 cases). Thus far, four patients have had sequential or simultaneous infections with a second enteroviral serotype. Other features of the disease have included weakness, lethargy or coma, headaches, hearing loss, seizures, ataxia, and paresthesias. Some patients have also had nonneurologic manifestations of chronic enteroviral infection, including fever, the dermatomyositis-like syndrome, edema, rashes, and hepatitis. Treatment has consisted primarily of antibody administration, either in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations or in immune plasma. Twelve patients have received intraventricular immunoglobulin through reservoir devices; six of these 12 have improved substantially, as judged by clinical criteria.
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PMID:Chronic enteroviral meningoencephalitis in agammaglobulinemic patients. 329

The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) regulates growth, motility, and morphogenesis of epithelial and endothelial cells. It has been reported that serum level of HGF was elevated in patients with having fulminant hepatitis. In inflammatory myopathies (IM), muscle cells are damaged by the inflammatory process and subsequently regenerated. HGF may be involved in the regeneration process of muscle cells in IM. We examined serum HGF was measured by ELISA from 13 patients with having polymyositis (PM), 18 patients with having dermatomyositis (DM), 3 patients with amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) and 14 normal individuals. The muscle of IM patients was examined by immunofluorescence staining using a monoclonal anti-HGF antibody. The serum HGF level was significantly higher in IM patients (0.63 +/- 0.11 (p = 0.028) in PM, 0.58 +/- 0.07 (p = 0.023) in DM) than in normal controls (0.26 +/- 0.01 ng/ml). However, there was no relationship between the serum HGF level and hepatic enzyme level in IM. The levels of serum HGF were significantly higher in active disease (1.05 +/- 0.26 ng/ml) than in inactive disease (0.29 +/- 0.03 ng/ml) (p = 0.044). The serum HGF levels (0.77 +/- 0.12 ng/ ml) were significantly higher in IM patients with pulmonary fibrosis than in those (0.42 +/- 0.04 ng/ml) without pulmonary fibrosis (p = 0.049). There was a positive relationship between serum HGF levels and the presence of opaque fiber and/or regeneration/degeneration fiber in biopsied muscles. HGF was detected in muscles from IM patients by immunofluorescence. Serum HGF levels are elevated in IM and correlated with disease activity and complication of interstitial pneumonia.
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PMID:[Serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in patients with inflammatory myopathies]. 895 17

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with a plethora of immune and autoimmune perturbations. We review serological and clinical autoimmune manifestations associated with HCV infection, discuss treatment regimens for HCV-related autoimmune diseases, and present a framework for understanding HCV-associated autoimmune disease by performing a computerized literature search from which representative articles were used and referenced. The immune response to HCV may include the development of cryoglobulins, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anticardiolipin, antithyroid, anti-liver/kidney/microsomal antibodies (anti-LKM), as well as HCV/anti-HCV immune complex formation and deposition. HCV infection is a significant cause of mixed essential cryoglobulinemia, which may then be complicated by cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, or neuropathy. It has also been associated with membranous and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Subsets of autoimmune hepatitis patients are infected with HCV and evidence suggests that HCV is a causative agent of antithyroid antibodies and autoimmune thyroid disease. Although cause-and-effect remain to be proved, there are reports of HCV infection preceding or coincident with polyarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM). HCV-infected patients also have a high incidence of sialoadenitis, and reports of low-grade lymphoproliferative malignancies have emerged. However, HCV is not a major causative factor for most autoimmune diseases. Optimal treatment for HCV-related autoimmune disease remains to be determined. Interferon alpha (IFN alpha) has successfully reduced viremia/transaminitis, cryoglobulins, proteinuria, and nephritis, but recurrent disease manifestations are frequent after discontinuation of therapy. Moreover, IFN alpha may precipitate or exacerbate autoimmune disease symptoms. HCV-related autoimmune disease also has been treated successfully with corticosteroids, azathioprine, and cyclophosphamide, although HCV viremia persists and may worsen.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection and autoimmunity. 906 50

The authors report five cases of dermatomyositis in which positivity for hepatitis C virus was ascertained. A virus-related (ECHO virus, Coxsackie) dermatomyositis is known, but a hepatitis virus C-related dermatomyositis was reported only in one case in a Letter to the Editor of Journal of Rheumatology (1994).
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PMID:HCV and dermatomyositis: report of 5 cases of dermatomyositis in patients with HCV infection. 917 22

We report two boys with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) complicated by pancreatitis. One also had hepatitis and probably mild bowel vasculitis, while the other had catastrophic bowel vasculitis with multiple perforations. Both were on corticosteroids, but had features of active vasculitis. The former improved with high-dose i.v. pulsed methylprednisolone, while the latter improved only after immunosuppression with i.v. methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and plasmapheresis. Although bowel vasculitis is a known complication of severe JDM, pancreatitis and hepatitis are extremely rare. We have found in a literature search only three other reports of pancreatitis complicating JDM. We wish to alert physicians that pancreatitis may develop in JDM. It should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the child with active disease who develops abdominal pain. Control of vasculitis with adequate immunosuppression, as well as general supportive measures, may be valuable in the treatment of pancreatitis in JDM.
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PMID:Severe juvenile dermatomyositis complicated by pancreatitis. 929 63

TATA-binding protein (TBP), a central component for transcriptional regulation, forms complexes with various transcription regulators. We have isolated a novel human cDNA for a 49-kD TBP-interacting protein (TIP49). The human TIP49 was highly homologous to bacterial RuvB proteins that function as a DNA helicase to promote branch migration of the Holliday junction. Immunofluorescence analysis using anti-TIP49 antibody showed a typical dot-shaped nuclear staining pattern, suggesting that TIP49 is included in a macromolecular structure in the nucleus and may participate in nuclear events such as transcription and recombination. Moreover, glycerol gradient analysis demonstrated that TIP49 is present in a macromolecular complex in nuclear extracts. Interestingly, we detected a high level of autoantibodies against TIP49 in sera of patients with autoimmune diseases such as polymyositis/dermatomyositis and autoimmune hepatitis. This indicates that the autoantibody against this protein is a new marker for particular connective tissue diseases. These findings provide further evidence that the macromolecular structures described above are targeted by an autoimmune mechanism. The anti-TIP49 antibodies can be useful probes for clinical diagnosis and for investigation of intranuclear structure.
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PMID:TIP49, homologous to the bacterial DNA helicase RuvB, acts as an autoantigen in human. 958 98

We recently observed a patient with chronic C hepatitis who developed first autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and subsequently dermatomyositis. While the association could be coincidental, it is possible that hepatitis C virus could have induced autoantibodies or circulating immune complexes which contributed to both. Although concerns are sometimes raised about the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapy to control symptoms in hepatitis C virus infected patients with rheumatic or autoimmune diseases, corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapies are considered appropriate in cases of chronic C hepatitis with rapidly progressive autoimmune diseases. Our case illustrates the paradox that, despite the continuing presence of a viremic form of chronic C hepatitis, clinical symptoms improved with combined immunosuppressive therapy, without deterioration of the hepatitis. Our results could be the consequence of the association of immunosuppressive therapy intensive enough to control the autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and dermatomyositis with alpha-interferon whose antiviral capacity may have been able to prevent re-exacerbation of the hepatitis.
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PMID:Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and dermatomyositis associated with chronic hepatitis C. A therapeutic dilemma. 1034 7


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