Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine episodes of a unique short-incubation form of hepatitis were observed during five years in six hemophilic children after infusion with commercial factor VIII concentrate prepared by two different manufacturers. Five patients with a single episode had no previous infusion for 14 months to 14 years. One patient with several episodes had no previous infusion for at least seven months preceding each episode. The illness was mild and self-limited. No seroconversions to cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, toxoplasmosis, or hepatitis A virus occurred. Acute hepatitis B virus infection was also excluded. The findings suggest the presence of one or more non-A, non-B hepatitis agents associated with factor VIII concentrates.
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PMID:Transfusion-related short-incubation hepatitis in hemophilic patients. 21 Mar 2

In many cases so called neonatal hepatitis of unknown origin nowadays is recognized as a manifestation of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Out of 12 patients with Pi-type ZZ, 5 were diagnosed because of cholestatic jaundice, 2 because of hepato-splenomegaly in the first trimenon, and 3 by family examination. We believe that the affection may be due to a perinataly acquired cytomegalic inclusion disease in one case, in another to a congenital rubella infection. The latter child died at the age of one year because of an esophageal hemorrhage. Over a mean observation time of 3 years the other patients are doing well and show no signs of portal hypertension. The very different course of the hepatopathy is demonstrated. Common bacteria or toxins which do not usually lead to an illness may be realisation factors just as "classical" causes of hepatitis. Up to now it is not known how these factors influence the course of alpha-antitrypsin deficiency.
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PMID:[alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Clinical and morphological aspects during childhood (author's transl)]. 21 96

Of 567 patients receiving renal transplantation at the University of Minnesota between October 1967 and October 1975, 22 developed clinical jaundice. Of these 22, nine died with their initial episode of hepatitis, six died within three months of causes associated with liver malfunction, four developed evidence of chronic hepatic failure and only three totally recovered from their illness. Five had clear evidence of Australia antigen positive hepatitis B, four of cytomegalovirus hepatitis, two of herpes hominis hepatitis, one of varicella zoster hepatitis and three of hepatic failure associated with systemic bacterial and/or fungal sepsis. Two of the 22 patients were thought likely to have cytomegalovirus hepatitis though definite proof was absent and in five patients a clear-cut etiology could not be made. In many of these patients the diagnosis was confounded by the previous presence of HB(s)Ag antigen and the frequent occurrence of a previous or concurrent infection with cytomegalovirus. The role of various drugs including azathioprine, sulfisoxazole, chlorpromazine, acetominophen, etc., could not be established but major roles for these agents in the face of the many viral and bacterial infections present in these patients is doubted. No clear-cut therapy could be established although it appears safe to discontinue azathioprine for longer or shorter periods of time with or without substitution of cyclophosphamide without serious deterioration of renal function. The problem of hepatic failure in transplant patients is still unsolved and will require a prospective study of etiologic agents and sub-clinical hepatic dysfunction in order to establish even the first principles of clinical-pathological correlation.
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PMID:Jaundice after renal allotransplantation. 21 23

Three patients with granulomatous hepatitis due to cytomegalovirus are described. They are compared to the three previously described patients with this disease, and their clinical and serologic characteristics are discussed. Similarities and differences between infectious mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr virus) and cytomegalovirus infections are adduced. That cytomegalovirus may be a cause of granulomatous hepatitis in the adult is stressed.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus granulomatous hepatitis. 21 49

Cytomegalovirus infections are common throughout the world. Certain populations, including pregnant women and their fetuses, immunosuppressed patients, and recipients of large amounts of transfused blood, are at increased risk. Although the majority of infections in all groups of patients are clinically inapparent, variable symptoms, including fever, rash, pneumonitis, and hepatitis, can occur. The infected host develops antibodies against CMF, but frequently, despite this appropriate immune response, infection becomes chronic with prolonged excretion of virus. In some instances, a latent infection, with disappearance of virus, develops and under a variety of circumstances, including immunosuppression, infection can later be reactivated with reappearance of viral excretion. The human consequences of latent infection with CMV are not yet fully appreciated, and future research on this virus with multifaceted potential will need to focus on this issue.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus infections. 22 89

In a period of 5 years, 8 out of 77 renal transplant patients showed simultaneous fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Candida albicans was found in all cases. The most severe bacterial complications were infections with Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus. Cytomegalovirus, persistent HBsAg positive hepatitis, herpes zoster, and herpes simplex infections were also found. Seven patients died of bacterial superinfection and miliary tuberculosis. The data presented show that "triple infections" are associated with high mortality and that miliary tuberculosis occurred frequently in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients.
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PMID:"Triple infections" (fungal, bacterial and viral) in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients. 22 3

The etiology of 72 episodes of liver disease that developed in 62 of 162 renal-transplant recipients was evaluated. Infection with hepatitis B virus was a minor problem, and none of our patients had evidence of infection with hepatitis A. Cytomegalovirus infection was ubiquitous in the population and probably accounted for many episodes of acute liver disease. This agent's role in causing chronic hepatitis is less secure. Infections with other viruses including Epstein-Barr virus, adenovirus, and the herpes viruses were only rarely associated with hepatic disease. Azathioprine was responsible for some episodes of acute cholestasis but could not be incriminated as a direct cause of chronic disease. A cause could be identified for the majority of episodes of acute hepatic dysfunction, but the cause of most of the chronic hepatitis remains undetermined. It is likely that infection with non-A, non-B hepatitis virus accounts for much of this serious, often fatal, complication of renal transplantation.
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PMID:Etiology of liver disease in renal-transplant patients. 22 42

The conditions for a sensitive and specific solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the detection of IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV) were optimized, and the RIA was used to assay sera from patients with hepatitis. IgM antibodies to HAV reached highest concentrations between one and three weeks after onset of icterus and were measurable in follow-up sera for at least 12 months after infection. To prove the specificity, the IgG antibodies were separated from patient sera by sucrose density-gradient centrifugation. The remaining IgM antibodies, after treatment with beta-mercaptoethanol, did not bind in the RIA, and, when the anti-IgM antibody bound to the solid phase was replaced with anti-IgG, a negative result was obtained with incubation of IgM antibody to HAV. Also, the presence of IgG was shown not to interfere with measurement of IgM antibody to HAV. Finally, as a further specificity control, 50 sera positive for rheumatoid factor or from patients infected with hepatitis B virus, cytomegalic inclusion disease, infectious mononucleosis, influenza A virus, rubella, or measles were tested, and all of these sera were negative for IgM antibody to HAV.
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PMID:A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detection of IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus. 22 90

A newborn infant with congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease had spontaneous fractures of the distal radii bilaterally, and involvement of the metaphyseal portions of the humeri, ulnas, femurs, and tibias. The fractures healed promptly without complications under ordinary management. At the present time, one can only speculate on the cause of these lesions. Viral osteomyelitis, osteomalacia secondary to hepatitis and malabsorption and a disturbance of endochondral ossification are all possibilities. There is a need for additional cases with histologic and biochemical studies of the bone lesions in congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease.
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PMID:Osseous lesions and pathologic fractures in congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease: report of a case. 23 93

Rubella antibody titers were determined pretransplant and then serially posttransplantation in 52 consecutive patients whose renal allografts survived at least three months. Group A patients (18) had antibody titers greater than or equal to 1:128 in the posttransplant period. Group B (24) had intermediate antibody titers that never rose higher than 1:64. Group C (10) consistently had antibody titers less than 1:8. Group A did not differ from groups B and C with respect to age, race, sex, type of transplant, underlying renal disease, or maximum complement fixation antibody titers posttransplant to cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus, type 1. Group A did differ from groups B and C in its frequency of hepatitis, chronic liver disease, episodes of late rejection (greater than or equal to 21 days after transplant), transplant nephrectomy required for rejection, infections whose defense involves intact cell-mediated immunity, and the number of late rejection episodes per patient. Mechanisms underlying these associations are not known but apparently are not related to HLA phenotype.
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PMID:Rubella antibodies and adverse events late after renal transplantation. 36 6


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