Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical presentation and outcome of 32 children with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are reviewed, the largest North American series. The majority of patients were diagnosed in their second decade (median age: 13 years). Four children presented before the age of 2 years, but none in the neonatal period. Seventeen patients had inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), all with colitis, 14 ulcerative colitis, and 3 Crohn's disease. Eight patients presented with chronic liver disease before clinical onset of IBD. Only 8 of 32 patients were jaundiced at presentation. Fifteen of 32 had a normal serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level at presentation. Nine children presented with features similar to those of autoimmune hepatitis. Cholangiography was performed in all cases and classified by a scoring system specifically developed for pediatric patients. Intrahepatic disease predominated; in only three cases a common bile duct stricture was identified requiring stenting. Findings on the initial liver biopsy were classified according to Ludwig's criteria for staging PSC: there were 15 biopsies in stages 1 to 2 and 17 biopsies stages 3 to 4. HLA class I and II antigens were determined in 27 patients. An increased incidence of HLA B8 and DR2(15) but not DRw52a (DRB3*0101) was found. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) was positive in 10 of 24 patients tested. Survival analysis indicated that a later age at presentation, splenomegaly, and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) at presentation were significant contributors to the prediction of poor outcome (i.e., death or listing for transplantation). Liver transplantation was successfully performed in seven children. Physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion of PSC in any child or young adult presenting with chronic liver disease, especially in the presence of IBD, even with a normal serum alkaline phosphatase level.
 ...
PMID:Primary sclerosing cholangitis in 32 children: clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features, with survival analysis. 759 Jun 57

The prevalence of associated liver involvement in 214 patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing definitive surgery was evaluated, with special emphasis on the subsequent course of liver changes. At the time of colectomy or proctocolectomy 45 patients (21%) had more than transient liver involvement, and 13 (6.1%) fulfilled the criteria of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Of the other 32 patients with minor liver involvement four had steatosis, one chronic active hepatitis, one viral A hepatitis, and 14 possibly early sclerosing cholangitis or unspecific reactive hepatitis. During a mean follow-up of nine years, four patients with PSC (31%) showed clinical progression, but none of those with minor histological changes or those with no liver disease at surgery did so. Alkaline phosphatase levels showed a decreasing tendency, and minor histological changes improved after surgery, while repeated cholangiography mostly demonstrated progression or a static state. The results indicate that asymptomatic sclerosing cholangitis in association with ulcerative colitis is not always a progressive disease, and proctocolectomy may have a beneficial effect on the long-term course of sclerosing cholangitis in its early phase.
 ...
PMID:Liver involvement and its course in patients operated on for ulcerative colitis. 778 40

We routinely measured plasma neurotransmitters and hormone levels in order to investigate the role of stress on many types of diseases. In this study, we present results obtained from patients with severe chronic diseases. The study sample consisted of 88 patients (asthmatics, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, chronic active hepatitis, chronic relapsing hepatitis, multiple sclerosis, trigeminal neuralgia, systemic lupus erithematous, and rheumatoid arthritis), and their respective controls. Noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (Ad), dopamine (DA), platelet-serotonin (pS), free-serotonin (fS), growth hormone (GH) and cortisol (CRT) were determined during both exacerbation and improvement periods. A profile compatible with uncoping stress disorder (raised NA-Ad-DA + fS + CRT as well as low pS and NA/Ad ratio) was found during exacerbation periods when compared with improvement, as seen in controls. However, during improvement periods the neurochemical profile remained significantly different from that of normal controls. The neurochemical plus hormonal plasma profiles registered in chronic illness, both during exacerbation and improvement periods, strongly suggest that an uncoping stress mechanism underlies diseases of these patients.
 ...
PMID:Plasma neurotransmitters and cortisol in chronic illness: role of stress. 799 62

Anti-cathepsin G antibodies have been detected by using three different methods. i) Binding to azurophilic granules constituents after separation of purified alpha-granules on Matrex gel Orange A chromatography according to Kao. ii) Binding to azurophilic granules freezed and thawed after coating on ELISA plates. iii) Binding to purified cathepsin G in ELISA assay. Anti-cathepsin G antibodies were observed patient's sera with ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis but not in controls or patients with chronic viral hepatitis or vasculitis.
 ...
PMID:Methods of detection of anti-cathepsin G autoantibodies in human. 829 15

The prevalence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies was evaluated in patients with ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and various other gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases to define the sensitivity and specificity of the test. The presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies was detected in alcohol-fixed cytospin preparations of peripheral blood neutrophils with an indirect immunofluorescence technique. A perinuclear staining pattern was considered positive. Thirty-six of 50 patients (72%) with ulcerative colitis and/or primary sclerosing cholangitis had positive results. Twenty-two of 210 patients (10%) in the control group had positive findings, including a significant proportion of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (50%) and non-A, non-B and non-C hepatitis (27%). This test for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies has a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 90% for either ulcerative colitis or primary sclerosing cholangitis. It may be useful in the differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and in the early diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. It also may be employed to distinguish primary biliary cirrhosis from primary sclerosing cholangitis.
 ...
PMID:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in inflammatory bowel and hepatobiliary diseases. High prevalence in ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis. 844 81

Women with many medical conditions need to plan their families with special care. For such women, the risk of complications with particular contraceptive methods is increased. Women with severe hypertension, a previous myocardial infarction or venous thromboembolism, or cerebrovascular stroke have a significant risk of problems in pregnancy, and should avoid the combined pill. The combined pill may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus and may worsen the severity of migrainous headaches in susceptible patients. Women with active hepatitis should wait for liver function tests to normalise before becoming pregnant or starting the combined pill or injectable progestogen. Control of epilepsy may deteriorate with use of the combined pill; this is probably because of the risk of drug interactions. Similarly, contraceptive control may also fail in women receiving rifampicin (rifampin) concurrently with contraceptive steroids. Intrauterine contraceptive devices should not be used in women who have experienced previous episodes of pelvic inflammatory disease, or with previous malignancy of the genital tract until complete cure is likely. Other conditions which may appear, become more common or worsen when the combined pill is prescribed include hepatic adenoma, gall bladder disease, ulcerative colitis, alopecia, hirsutism and acne. Some of these conditions are potentially hazardous to the woman's health, in which case combined pill use should be stopped. If the condition is unchanged then the combined pill may sometimes be reintroduced with caution.
 ...
PMID:Contraceptive choice for women with 'risk factors'. 848 Dec 14

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been identified in the serum of 50-80% of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. UC-associated ANCA yield a perinuclear staining pattern (pANCA) with alcohol-fixed neutrophils. More recently, pANCA have been detected in the serum of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and other autoimmune liver diseases. Up to 70% of PSC patient sera and up to 92% of sera from patients with well-defined type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (type 1 AIH) were found to express pANCA. Such expression by patients with PSC and type 1 AIH raises questions concerning the relationship of these pANCA to each other and to that of UC. Differences and similarities in pANCA characteristics are found among the three diseases, suggesting the use of pANCA to define specific disease subgroups. Our recent finding that the UC-associated pANCA reactive antigen was localized within the nuclear domain prompted an examination of whether DNase treatment of neutrophils would alter antigenic recognition by the pANCA of UC, PSC, and type 1 AIH. While loss of antigenic recognition after DNase digestion of neutrophils was a dominant feature of the UC-associated pANCA, the majority of PSC and type 1 AIH pANCA recognized cytoplasmic constituents. These results further support the feasibility of defining and/or distinguishing disease subgroups based on the characterization of respective pANCA.
 ...
PMID:Segregation of pANCA antigenic recognition by DNase treatment of neutrophils: ulcerative colitis, type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. 857 15

Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies have been described in inflammatory bowel diseases and in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Because the data concerning their occurrence are conflicting, we have used indirect immunofluorescence on ethanol-fixed neutrophils to test the sera from a large population of 382 patients with various liver and digestive diseases: in particular, from 27 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, 105 patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, 30 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and 124 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The prevalence of the perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies was 37% in ulcerative colitis and 15% in Crohn's disease. They would not be helpful in the differential diagnosis between these two inflammatory bowel diseases. Within the group of autoimmune liver diseases, perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies were detected in 44% of sera from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and in 36% of sera from patients with type I autoimmune active hepatitis, but not in primary biliary cirrhosis. When primary sclerosing cholangitis was associated with an inflammatory bowel disease, the prevalence of these autoantibodies was 60%. They were 88% specific for primary sclerosing cholangitis and 86% specific for type I autoimmune active hepatitis. Despite their moderate sensitivity and specificity in primary sclerosing cholangitis, they remain the only serologic marker of this autoimmune liver disease. Moreover, they turned out to be a more sensitive marker for inflammatory bowel disease with associated primary sclerosing cholangitis.
 ...
PMID:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in autoimmune liver and inflammatory bowel diseases. 886 75

Elevated transaminases occur in up to 17% in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an important cause for elevated liver enzymes in these patients whereas autoimmune hepatitis is rare. Both diseases can overlap. We report two patients with an autoimmune hepatitis. One patient had Crohn's disease and arthritis with morphological liver changes typical for autoimmune hepatitis but without the characteristic autoantibody pattern. The other patient suffered from ulcerative colitis. He had antinuclear and antiactin antibodies as in autoimmune hepatitis type I. however, histological examination of the liver showed bile duct changes. Transaminases declined significantly in both patients after onset of steroid treatment. Therefore, the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease must not be missed, as immunosuppressive therapy improves the prognosis of the illness.
 ...
PMID:Autoimmune hepatitis in inflammatory bowel disease: report of two unusual cases. 912 55

The presence of serum autoantibodies directed against single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), RNA, histones, nuclear antigen SS-A, mitochondria and cardiolipin were investigated in 30 HIV-negative drug addicts (from years 1986-87), 30 addicts actually infected with HIV and 31 AIDS patients presenting with clinical symptoms indicating autoimmune disorders. Positive results were found in 12 (40%) drug addicts from years 1986-87, 5 (16.7%) actually infected and 16 (51.6%) AIDS patients. Autoantibodies were more often detectable in patients with thrombocytopenia 8/12 (66.7%) than in remaining 8 out of 19 subjects (42.1%) who presented dermatitis, hepatitis, pancarditis, ulcerative colitis and polyneuropathy. The prevalence of autoantibodies in all investigated groups were significantly higher than in controls-1/20 (3.3%).
 ...
PMID:[Presence of autoantibodies in patients infected with HIV]. 915 38


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>