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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A clinical observation over 57 liquidators of the Chernobyl accident aftermath (ChAAL) with associated diseases of the digestive and hepato-biliary system revealed abnormalities in blood enzymic activity, presenting as elevation of, in particular, alanine aminotransferase as well as of asparagine aminotransferase, gamma-glutaminetranspeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and of blood mineral composition at the expense of an increase in certain minerals. Disturbances in underlying process of bodily metabolism promote the development and association of erosive and ulcerous lesions of the stomach and duodenum with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis, persistent hepatitis in ChAAL.
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PMID:[Metabolic disorders in digestive and hepatobiliary pathology in those who worked in the cleanup of the aftermath of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. 1005 Apr 54

A case of hepatobiliary dysfunction as the initial manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis is described. The patient was admitted with symptoms of hepatitis with cholestatic jaundice. Antibody tests for hepatitis B and C and human immunodeficiency virus were negative. The patient continued to deteriorate clinically. Eventually, the patient succumbed to hepatic failure. Autopsy disclosed systemic cryptococcosis that caused extensive necrosis of the liver. In review of the literature, only nine cases of cryptococcal infection presenting as hepatitis, cholangitis, and cholecystitis as initial manifestation were reported. Four of these patients had been subjected to exploratory laparotomy for clinical suspicion of acute abdomen. One patient developed cirrhosis as a result of cryptococcal hepatitis. Two patients succumbed to hepatic failure. Cryptococcosis is known to occur commonly in immunocompromised patients, yet only two reported cases presenting as hepatitis were associated with immunocompromised status.
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PMID:Hepatobiliary dysfunction as the initial manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis. 1019 23

In conducting pathogenetic treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis it is necessary that special characteristics of development of the clinical course in the above condition be studied together with phase contractile function of the gallbladder, liver, as per duodenum motility phases. The above methodological approach to the treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis, reactive hepatitis will, we believe, come to be widely used by medical practitioners.
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PMID:[The current methods for treating chronic calculous cholecystitis and reactive hepatitis]. 1020 62

Activity was studied of blood serum plasmic enzymes L-serine and L-threonine dehydrogenazes (SDG and ThDG) in 92 liquidators of aftermath of the Chernobyl atomic power plant breakdown, presenting with chronic non-calculous cholecystitis during the stage of moderately severe exacerbation with no clinical and laboratory and sonographic signs of affection of the liver. A quarter of the examinees demonstrated an increased activity of the enzymes under study, which fact is regarded by the authors as a preclinical sign of reactive hepatitis. Recommendations are given as to the outpatient registration and prophylactic management and therapy of those persons having taken part in the elimination of the effects of the Chernobyl accident, presenting with biliary pathologies.
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PMID:[Changes in the L-serine and L-threonine dehydrogenase activities in the blood serum of those who worked in the cleanup of the aftermath of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station who became ill with chronic acalculous cholecystitis]. 1047 30

AIDS is frequently expressed through gastrointestinal o abdominal symptoms. In addition, patients with AIDS or ARC frequently have hepatic and biliary symptoms, while pancreatic alterations are found in 4-30% of patients hospitalised for AIDS. Since AIDS patients are immunodepressed, they are subject to opportunistic infection often multifocal and the pathological processes can be present simultaneously. About 2/3 of patients have enlarged liver, steatosis, splenomegaly, lymphoadenopathy, cholecystic and biliary tract abnormalities, alterations of liver function tests, and abdominal discomfort in the upper right quadrant. Jaundice is rare and hepatic failure is not common. Hepatic biopsy is often necessary to establish the diagnosis. The hepatic localisation of an opportunistic pathogenic agent is generally a sign of systemic dissemination which is expressed as granulomatous hepatitis (atypical mycobacteria, frequently mycobacterium avium, or M. tuberculosis representing the reactivation of latent diseases), peliosis hepatis, infection from CMV, HSV, EBV, Pneumocystis carinii, and mycotic infections. Coinfections with the hepatic virus (HBV, HDV, HCV) are also often present. Pharmacological damage may also be present (mainly caused by antibiotic therapies). Neoplasia are rare (hepatic Kaposi's sarcoma associated with cutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations, or generally metastatic lymphoma). Damage of the biliary tract usually develops after other manifestations of the illness; the most frequent pictures are cholestatic syndromes and cholangitis, while cholecystitis and jaundice are rare. Pancreatic lesions are generally asymptomatic. They are diagnosed during autopsy and are caused principally by opportunistic agents.
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PMID:[Hepatic and pancreatic disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)]. 1051 57

Typhoid fever currently is an uncommon disease in western countries, and cases usually are imported from endemic areas.1 The most common complications are intestinal bleeding or perforation and necrotizing cholecystitis, although hepatitis, myocarditis, nephritis, and meningitis may occur. Spontaneous spleen rupture during typhoid fever is a known but rare complication. This report describes a new case and reviews the literature.
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PMID:Spontaneous spleen rupture during typhoid fever. 1073 49

The present paper describes a rare case of incipient perisinusoidal fibrosis of perihepatocellular type occurring in the Dubin-Johnson syndrome in a 63-year-old patient operated on six months previously for chronic calculous cholecystitis. The source of collagen formation was the activated sinusoidal Ito cells. Excluding chronic virus hepatitis and reactive cholecystic hepatitis, we believe that the fibrosis in this patient can be associated with the relatively old age of the patient and the duration of the disease.
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PMID:Incipient perisinusoidal fibrosis in an adult patient with Dubin-Johnson syndrome. 1097 80

One hundred children (consecutive) with positive blood culture for Salmonella typhi were studied for clinical profile and complications. The common clinical features were fever (100%), vomiting (58%), abdominal pain (48%), cough (22%) and loose stools (14%) and the Widal test was positive in 75% patients. Eighty per cent of the salmonella isolates were resistant to amoxycillin, chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole drugs, but all were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Forty patients developed complications: encephalopathy (18), melaena (12), haematemesis (10), epistaxis (4), hepatitis (4), acalculous cholecystitis (4), bowel perforation (3) and nephritis (2). Complications were more frequent in children with multidrug-resistant typhoid. The final antibiotic required to render the children afebrile included ciprofloxacin (80), ceftriaxone, amoxycillin (4), chloramphenicol (4), amoxycillin and gentamicin (4), amoxycillin with chloramphenicol (2), and furazolidone (2). The defervesence time was least with ceftriaxone and greatest with amoxycillin. All the affected children made a complete recovery.
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PMID:Multidrug-resistant typhoid fever. 1107 47

The mesenteric hemodynamic response to circulatory shock is characteristic and profound; this vasoconstrictive response disproportionately affects both the mesenteric organs and the organism as a whole. Vasoconstriction of post-capillary mesenteric venules and veins, mediated largely by the alpha-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, can effect an "autotransfusion" of up to 30% of the total circulating blood volume, supporting cardiac filling pressures ("preload"), and thereby sustaining cardiac output at virtually no cost in nutrient flow to the mesenteric organs. Under conditions of decreased cardiac output caused by cardiogenic or hypovolemic shock, selective vasoconstriction of the afferent mesenteric arterioles serves to sustain total systemic vascular resistance ("afterload"), thereby maintaining systemic arterial pressure and sustaining the perfusion of non-mesenteric organs at the expense of mesenteric organ perfusion (Cannon's "flight or fight" response). This markedly disproportionate response of the mesenteric resistance vessels is largely independent of the sympathetic nervous system and variably related to vasopressin, but mediated primarily by the renin-angiotensin axis. The extreme of this response can lead to gastric stress erosions, nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia, ischemic colitis, ischemic hepatitis, ischemic cholecystitis, and/or ischemic pancreatitis. Septic shock can produce decreased or increased mesenteric perfusion, but is characterized by an increased oxygen consumption that exceeds the capacity of mesenteric oxygen delivery, resulting in net ischemia and consequent tissue injury. Mesenteric organ injury from ischemia/reperfusion due to any form of shock can lead to a triggering of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and ultimately to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The mesenteric vasculature is therefore a major target and a primary determinant of the systemic response to circulatory shock.
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PMID:The mesenteric hemodynamic response to circulatory shock: an overview. 1133 91

We report a retrospective study of 115 hospitalized non-immunocompromised adults with proved or presumed diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection. Clinical symptoms were fever (95%), constitutive symptoms (80%), joint and muscle pain (41%), shivering (32%), abdominal pain (26%), non-productive cough (20%), cutaneous eruption (20%), and diarrhea (10%). Examination found hepatomegaly (25%), splenomegaly (23%), cutaneous rash (20%), adenopathy (19%), pharyngitis (9%), jaundice (3%) or signs of meningeal irritation (1%). Seventeen patients had a gastrointestinal form (hepatitis, jaundice, colitis, antral gastritis or cholecystitis), eight had a pattern of hemopathy, two interstitial pneumonitis, two pericarditis, two immune thrombocytopenic purpura, two a polymyalgia rheumatica-like pattern, one thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, one cutaneous vasculitis and one meningoencephalitis. Sixty-four percent of the patients had atypical lymphocytosis. Hepatocellular injury occurred in 90% of the patients. Nineteen of the patients had biological immune abnormalities. Cytomegalovirus infection should be mainly suspected in any patient with persistent fever, isolated or associated with signs of poor specificity, or in some patients with visceral manifestations of initially unknown origin.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory findings of cytomegalovirus infection in 115 hospitalized non-immunocompromised adults. 1147 69


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