Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ultrasonography has a primary role in the imaging of biliary disease. Most cases are straightforward, but the authors emphasize unusual manifestations, uncommon diseases, and artifacts that may present diagnostic challenges. Issues in differential diagnosis are discussed for the following findings: internal gallbladder echoes (calculi vs tumefactive sludge, air, hematobilia, parasitic infestation, cholecystosis, neoplasia, and artifacts), gallbladder wall thickening (acute cholecystitis vs acalculous cholecystitis, artifacts, ascites, hypoalbuminemia, hepatitis, and sclerosing cholangitis), pericholecystic fluid (cholecystitis vs ascites, perforated ulcer, and trauma), bile duct dilatation (biliary obstruction vs sclerosing cholangitis, biliary air, anomalous portal system, biliary atresia, Caroli disease, and cholangiocarcinoma), perinatal and neonatal biliary disease, and sclerosing cholangitis.
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PMID:Pitfalls and differential diagnosis in biliary sonography. 218 99

The effect of polyphytochol representing a combination of vegetable agents was studied on models of acute toxic hepatitis caused by CCl4 and cholecystitis. The efficiency of the drug in pathology of the hepatobiliary system was shown: it decreases cholestasis acting as a choleretic and bile-secreting drug, acts on the main pathogenetic links in hepatitis, exerts a marked membrane-stabilizing effect, influences favourably the processes of synthesis in the liver.
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PMID:[The characteristics of the action of polyphytochol on the course of experimental hepatitis and cholecystitis]. 236 54

A case of infiltrative hematoma of the porta hepatitis and the gallbladder wall is reported. It is a rare complication of anticoagulant treatment. The sonographics findings were 1 degree an echogenic material surrounding the porta hepatis, and 2 degrees a gallbladder wall thickening. Both these lesions appeared as dense areas on computed tomography (CT) scan. The aetiologies of hemorrhagic cholecystitis are discussed.
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PMID:[Infiltrating hematoma of the hepatic pedicle and gallbladder wall. Ultrasonographic and x-ray computed tomographic aspects]. 268 29

We describe an immunosuppressed patient with enteric cryptosporidiosis who developed combined cryptosporidial and cytomegaloviral hepatitis and cholecystitis as well as Enterobacter cloacae cholecystitis. To our knowledge, the presence of Cryptosporidium in a liver biopsy specimen has not previously been reported.
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PMID:Cryptosporidial and cytomegaloviral hepatitis and cholecystitis. 282 Mar 46

13 patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma treated in our institute from 1960 to 1986 are reported. All were proven by pathology. There were 10 moderately differentiated or mucin adenocarcinomas, 2 poorly differentiated and 1 undifferentiated cancers. There were 9 males and 4 females with an average age of 60.6 years. Progressive obstructive jaundice was the most common presenting symptom (11/13). Hepatomegaly was found in 7 patients, distended gallbladder in 4 and gallstone in 2. Before operation, 10 patients were misdiagnosed as hepatitis, cholecystitis or cholelithiasis. During operation, regional lymph node metastasis was observed in the majority of patients. Palliative operation was performed in 10 patients and radical surgery in 3. Three received operation plus postoperative radiotherapy. None survived more than two years. The lesions occurred frequently in the upper bile duct (8 patients). The middle bile duct and diffuse type carcinomas comprised 2 each. One was not recorded clearly. The prognosis is related to the gross type of the tumor and differentiation degree. Finally, carcinogenesis is discussed briefly.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct--report of 13 patients]. 285 Jan 47

Brachytherapy by embolization with radiotherapeutic microspheres following intraarterial infusion of a radiosensitizer represents an attempt to combine several selective modalities into a more potent, focused attack on regionally confined tumors. In pursuit of this goal, we examined the ability of foxhounds with surgically implanted hepatic arterial (HA) delivery systems to tolerate a clinically relevant dosage of HA yttrium-90 (Y-90) by microsphere administration either alone or preceded by a 28-day constant HA infusion of either 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUDR) or a control solution. Five dogs received BUDR (10 mg/kg/day) and five a control buffer infusion for 28 days immediately prior to the administration of Y-90-coated 15 micron resin microspheres (equivalent of 5000 rads to the entire liver) to each dog on day 31. In all animals, blood counts, bilirubin, amylase, appetite, weight, and behavior remained unchanged. Dogs receiving the microspheres after buffer infusion alone exhibited no hepatic enzyme alanine aminotransferase or alkaline phosphatase elevation. Alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels both rose during the third week of BUDR infusion, and while subsequent microsphere administration further increased enzyme levels, these levels had largely normalized by necropsy on day 82. At necropsy, the type and degree of hepatic toxicity among the animals receiving radioactive microspheres was comparable to that previously described in patients receiving external beam hepatic irradiation at conventional doses (2000-3000 rads). Also noted was a radiation-induced cholecystitis (due in large part to the gallbladder's total reliance on the hepatic artery for blood supply). One resin microsphere dog exhibited a small quantity of microspheres in the lungs causing focal radiation-induced granulomas suggesting the need to assess shunting of microspheres through the liver in clinical studies. Thus, HA Y-90 microspheres with BUDR can produce acceptable, nonlethal, and tolerable toxicities in this dog model suggesting that clinical studies of this combination are not likely to be contraindicated by synergistic toxicity. Although HA BUDR did not contribute significantly to the toxicity of the Y-90 microspheres, HA BUDR by itself administered uninterrupted for 4 weeks may, like HA FUDR (clinically), cause chemical hepatitis/cholangitis. The unexpected fragmentation of the resin spheres (albeit without myelosuppression) has led us to begin studies with a recently developed nondisruptible glass microsphere (ThereSphere) in which the Y-90 is part of the glass matrix and cannot leach.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of hepatic arterial yttrium-90 microsphere administration alone and combined with regional bromodeoxyuridine infusion in dogs. 358 Oct 69

This case report describes a false-positive hepatobiliary scan in a young woman suspected to have acute cholecystitis who apparently had none of the reasons stated in the literature for a false-positive scan. The literature review shows that the negative predictive value of hepatobiliary scanning for acute cholecystitis is nearly 100 percent, while the positive predictive value is also quite good if conditions known to cause false-positive scans are ruled out. Common causes of positive hepatobiliary scanning, other than acalculus cholecystitis, include chronic cholecystitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, alcoholism, total parenteral nutrition, pancreatitis, prolonged fasting, and ingestion of food less than one hour prior to scanning. Whether the postpartum state affects the accuracy of hepatobiliary scanning is speculative.
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PMID:A false-positive hepatobiliary scan: case report and literature review. 381 64

The authors report two cases of hepatitis and a case of pancreatitis associated with indalpine. In one case of hepatitis, onset was acute and the clinical presentation was suggestive of cholecystitis; in the other case, hepatitis was discovered by biological tests. In the two cases, hepatitis was mainly cytolytic. Outcome was favorable upon interruption of drug administration. Onset of pancreatitis was inconspicuous, with progressively increasing pain. The pancreatic lesions were diffuse and massive. After interruption of administration, outcome was eventually favorable. Elevated amylasemia was also noted in the two cases of hepatitis. It is suggested that transaminase and amylase activities should be monitored during indalpine therapy.
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PMID:[Hepatitis and pancreatitis due to indalpine]. 400 81

When larvae of C. sinensis reach the biliary system and mature, the flukes provoke pathological changes, both as a result of local trauma and of toxic irritation. The appearances vary with duration and severity of the infestation, but they are sufficiently distinctive and characteristic to allow a classification into four phases as follows; 1st phase, desquamation of epithelial cells, 2nd phase, hyperplasia and desquamation of epithelial cells, 3rd phase, hyperplasia and desquamation of epithelial cells, and adenomatous tissue formation, and 4th phase, marked proliferation of the periductal connective tissue with scattered abortive acini of epithelial cells and fibrosis of the wall of the bile duct. The onset of symptoms and signs is at times gradual, at times sudden. Chill and fever up to 40 degrees C occur during the acute stage, i.e. the period less than a month after parasite invasion. And a few weeks later, the chronic stage follows with the classical clinical features. In general, symptoms and signs can be classified as follows: mild, essentially symptomless, progressive, with irregular appetite, gastrointestinal disturbances, oedema, hepatomegaly, etc., and severe, with a syndrome associated with portal cirrhosis and hypertension. Pathogenic changes and complications are generally restricted to foci, but may eventually affect the whole liver. Calculi, acute suppurative cholangitis, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, and acute pancreatitis are important complications. Carcinoma of the liver is often found in association with clonorchiasis, too.
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PMID:Clonorchis sinensis: pathogenesis and clinical features of infection. 639 2

Seven pediatric patients (ages 2-14) who presented with acute abdominal symptomatology and an abnormal cholecystosonogram are reviewed. Etiologies of the abnormal sonograms included: hepatitis (3 of 7), acalculous cholecystitis (1 of 7), calculous cholecystitis (1 of 7), cholangitis with associated cholecystitis (1 of 7), and chronic active hepatitis with low serum albumin (1 of 7). The combined use of the sonogram and the radionuclide biliary scan is helpful in predicting and distinguishing between cases of cholecystitis and uncomplicated hepatitis.
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PMID:Ultrasound and radionuclide biliary scanning in acute pediatric abdominal pain. 640 35


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