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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

When larvae of C. sinensis reach the biliary system and mature, the flukes provoke pathological changes, both as a result of local trauma and of toxic irritation. The appearances vary with duration and severity of the infestation, but they are sufficiently distinctive and characteristic to allow a classification into four phases as follows; 1st phase, desquamation of epithelial cells, 2nd phase, hyperplasia and desquamation of epithelial cells, 3rd phase, hyperplasia and desquamation of epithelial cells, and adenomatous tissue formation, and 4th phase, marked proliferation of the periductal connective tissue with scattered abortive acini of epithelial cells and fibrosis of the wall of the bile duct. The onset of symptoms and signs is at times gradual, at times sudden. Chill and fever up to 40 degrees C occur during the acute stage, i.e. the period less than a month after parasite invasion. And a few weeks later, the chronic stage follows with the classical clinical features. In general, symptoms and signs can be classified as follows: mild, essentially symptomless, progressive, with irregular appetite, gastrointestinal disturbances, oedema, hepatomegaly, etc., and severe, with a syndrome associated with portal cirrhosis and hypertension. Pathogenic changes and complications are generally restricted to foci, but may eventually affect the whole liver. Calculi, acute suppurative cholangitis, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, and acute pancreatitis are important complications. Carcinoma of the liver is often found in association with clonorchiasis, too.
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PMID:Clonorchis sinensis: pathogenesis and clinical features of infection. 639 2

A total of forty-four biopsies from nine liver transplantation patients, who had developed complications postoperatively, were studied histologically and, in part, electron-microscopically. Morphologic signs of acute rejection were seen in three patients, while there were indications of chronic rejection in one patient. In combined lesions, such as drug-induced hepatosis, cholangitis, hepatitis, and rejections, the interpretation of biopsy findings may be difficult, and special entities cannot in every case be separated unequivocally. Changes of serum bilirubin and of serum enzyme activity do not run entirely parallel to the microscopically detectable structural lesions. For diagnosis of complications after liver transplantation both the morphologic and the clinical findings must be considered.
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PMID:[Value of histopathologic findings following liver transplantation based on biopsy course studies]. 639 61

Seven pediatric patients (ages 2-14) who presented with acute abdominal symptomatology and an abnormal cholecystosonogram are reviewed. Etiologies of the abnormal sonograms included: hepatitis (3 of 7), acalculous cholecystitis (1 of 7), calculous cholecystitis (1 of 7), cholangitis with associated cholecystitis (1 of 7), and chronic active hepatitis with low serum albumin (1 of 7). The combined use of the sonogram and the radionuclide biliary scan is helpful in predicting and distinguishing between cases of cholecystitis and uncomplicated hepatitis.
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PMID:Ultrasound and radionuclide biliary scanning in acute pediatric abdominal pain. 640 35

The necessity is emphasized to perform always a careful anamnesis and a clinical inspection of patients before achieving laboratory examinations (avoiding to demand to a "check up" the diagnosis). This is particularly important in those diseases, like viral hepatitis, which become even more frequent, so that such diagnosis may be supposed basing on unreliable laboratory findings. The possibility is mentioned that different hepato-colangiopathies (Wilson's disease, intolerance to fructose, hepatic congenital fibrosis, hepatic ductal hypoplasia, granulomatous hepatitis, bacterial, micotic and protozoarian cholangitis, liver sufference in onchologic diseases) may simulate viral hepatitis.
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PMID:[Differential diagnostic problems in acute and chronic hepatitis and hepato-cholangiographies of various etiologies in childhood]. 663 43

Liver cuts were performed on 21 Mini- Lewe pigs and then closed with suture in one case, and by ultrasonic welding of Fimomed - Gelaspon conglomerate in the other. Macroscopic assessment in situ and the histological examination of cut out liver areas regularly showed perifocal inflammatory peritoneal reactions and abscess formation for the sutured regions. From a histological point of view the liver tissue in the regions subjected to ultrasonic treatment reacted more strongly than after suture, particularly in the form of lobule structure disturbances, focal hepatitis, hepatic duct proliferation and destruction, and cholangitis. All of these were limited to the immediate vicinity of the conglomerate with its fibrous demarcation, which remained identifiable until the end of the experiment after a year and a half. The experiments resulted in the sucessful closure of the liver wounds in all cases where ultrasonic welding of Fimomed - Gelaspon compound was used. Application to human medicine is, however, not yet justified.
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PMID:[Basic research on ultrasound surgery. VI: Comparative histological liver findings following treatment of the wound with ultrasound welding and suturing]. 673 Jun 1

Clinical sarcocystosis was studied in 37 goats after inoculation with graded doses of sporocysts of Sarcocystis capracanis. Eight uninoculated goats served as controls. Clinical response varied with the dose. Goats inoculated with 10-40 million sporocysts died between 11 and 13 days after inoculation (DAI), from interstitial pneumonia, vasculitis, and necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes. All goats inoculated with 100,000 or 1 million sporocysts died between 19 and 23 DAI; clinical signs were anorexia, fever (40-41 C), anemia, and weight loss. Four of 4 goats inoculated with 50,000 sporocysts and 1 of 4 inoculated with 10,000 sporocysts died 24, 28, 39, 68, and 61 DAI, respectively. Goats inoculated with 1,000 sporocysts and uninoculated goats remained clinically normal. After day 18 and before day 68, packed cell volume and hemoglobin content decreased to as low as 11% and 3.6 g/dl, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities were inconsistently increased. Blood urea nitrogen and bilirubin values were increased, reaching as high as 63 mg/dl and 10 mg/dl, respectively. Histologically, thymic atrophy, vasculitis, hepatitis, cholangitis, myocarditis, generalized myositis, and encephalomyelitis were the main microscopic findings. The cause of the anemia in goats that died after day 19 was not determined.
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PMID:Sarcocystosis in goats: clinical signs and pathologic and hematologic findings. 678 65

Morphometric investigations were carried out on liver biopsies of chronic aggressive (active) hepatitis (CAH), type IIa, chronic aggressive (active) hepatitis, type IIb, and on chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis (CNDC) (primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in the second and third stages. The goal of the histometric analysis was a comparison of the portal tracts before and after immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine and corticosteroids as well as with azathioprine alone. The volume and surface measurements of the portal tracts and their components showed that for an evaluation of the effectivity of the immunosuppressive therapy on CAH, along with a division into HBsAg-positive and -negative cases, a histologically determined degree of the severity of the inflammatory activity is extremely significant. The therapeutic effect is significant for all cases of CAH IIb, evident for HBsAg-negative cases of CAH IIa and slight for HBsAg-positive cases of CAH IIa. Immunosuppressive therapy of CNDC has no effect on the characteristic destruction process of the bile ducts and ductule proliferation.
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PMID:The effectivity of immunosuppressive therapy on chronic aggressive (active) hepatitis and on chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis (PBC). Morphometric investigations on the portal tracts of the liver. 717 44

Studies on 42 patients (38 women, 4 men) with chronic-destructive non-purulent cholangitis or primary biliary cirrhosis demonstrated that the duration of symptoms does not correlate with the histological stages. The shortest duration of symptoms was found in patients in the cirrhotic stage. Enzyme levels measured at the time of diagnosis indicated that--contrary to serum bilirubin and serum copper levels--they did not correlate with the stage of the disease. There was an increased frequency of allergic signs in the past history of this group of patients. Furthermore, in all the women (average age 45) there was a 29% abortion rate. Among the three control groups (no liver disease, chronic-aggressive hepatitis, other forms of liver disease), the one with chronic-aggressive hepatitis also showed a high abortion rate (19.5%).
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PMID:[New aspects of the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis, a study of 42 patients (author's transl)]. 719 20

Three cases of carbamazepine-induced granulomatous hepatitis are reported. Each patient had ingested carbamazepine for less than 1 month before presenting with a febrile illness suggestive of biliary tract infection. After withdrawal of carbamazepine, symptoms disappeared rapidly. Histologically, all patients had granulomatous hepatitis. Two patients also had acute cholangitis. Carbamazepine-induced liver injury can be confused clinically and pathologically with biliary tract infection.
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PMID:Granulomatous hepatitis secondary to carbamazepine. 724 30

An instance of the rare occurrence of neonatal hepatitis and extrahepatic biliary atresia in the same sibship is reported. The older brother with neonatal hepatitis developed jaundice at the age of 4 days and had clay-colored stools from early infancy. Cholangiography by exploratory laparotomy at the age of 3 months showed a normal bile duct pattern. After laparotomy, jaundice rapidly disappeared, and stools became yellow. His liver function has been normal since age 6 months to the present (6 years old). The younger brother developed jaundice and clay-colored stools at the age of 1 month. The diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia was made at laparotomy at the age of 4 1/2 months. Hepatojejunostomy was performed with successful bile drainage, although he had frequent attacks of ascending cholangitis since operation. These cases support a recent hypothesis that neonatal hepatitis and extrahepatic biliary atresia may be produced by the same disease process.
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PMID:Neonatal hepatitis and extrahepatic biliary atresia in the same sibship. 725 35


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