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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The syndrome of papular acrodermatitis of childhood with hepatitis (Gianotti-Crosti syndrome) is classically considered to be associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) infection. We report an infant with the syndrome, but with serological evidence of infection by cytomegalovirus.
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PMID:Papular acrodermatitis with cytomegalovirus hepatitis. 631 68

A typical Gianotti-Crosti syndrome was observed in an 18-month-old boy. This infantile papular acrodermatitis was associated with Epstein-Barr virus but also with B-antigen-negative hepatitis. Biological and serological parameters have been followed up during the course of the illness.
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PMID:[Acrodermatitis papulosa eruptiva infantum and Epstein-Barr virus infection]. 632 51

Studies of data from ten cases of infantile acrodermatitis and from eight cases reported in the North American literature disclose distinctive papular dermatosis of the face and extremities, often related to virus infection. None of our eight patients who were tested had evidence of hepatitis B infections, although transaminase values were elevated in two. All five patients who were tested had lymphocytosis. Six patients had antecedent upper respiratory tract symptoms. Data from our cases and from the other previously reported cases indicate that the eruption is a virus-related response. Although the hepatitis virus has been the most frequently encountered causative agent to date, other viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus, coxsackievirus, and parainfluenza virus, may produce a similar cutaneous response.
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PMID:Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. A review of ten cases not associated with hepatitis B. 632 7

Epidemiological and clinical features of acute symptomatic hepatitis type B were evaluated in 51 otherwise healthy children and in 13 children receiving immunosuppressive treatment for leukaemia and malignancy, who were admitted to hospital with acute hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive hepatitis during a period of 7 years. Blood transfusions, or intimate contacts with asymptomatic HBsAg carriers or with contaminated material during repeated admission to hospital were the possible sources of infection in the immunosuppressed patients, whereas percutaneous exposure was identified as the source in a minority of non-immunosuppressed patients. Features of the acute phase of the illness differed little between the two groups of patients (acute liver failure developed in one patient with leukaemia and in two untreated children). Conversely, chronic evolution was observed in 69% of immunosuppressed patients but in only 9% of untreated children and affected only patients born to HBsAg positive mothers (two of four patients) or patients presenting with papular acrodermatitis (both patients).
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PMID:A 7 year survey of acute hepatitis type B. 666 Aug 99

In addition to classic organ system involvement, Lyme disease may be characterized by myositis, liver and spleen involvement, and atypical cutaneous manifestations. Myositis is characteristically localized near an involved joint or localized neuropathy. Nuclear imaging with gallium-67 may be useful for detection. Myositis responds to treatment with intravenous or oral antibiotics. Patients with erythema migrans have been observed to have liver function test abnormalities in the absence of symptomatic hepatitis. Splenomegaly has been noted infrequently in patients with Lyme disease. Chronic cutaneous manifestations of Lyme disease--including erythema migrans, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, and lymphadenosis benigna cutis--have been observed more frequently in Europe than in the United States. It appears that they are caused primarily by the Borrelia afzelii genomic group of Borrelia burgdorferi, which has been found exclusively in Europe.
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PMID:Muscle, reticuloendothelial, and late skin manifestations of Lyme disease. 772 94

Several extrahepatic manifestations are associated with chronic HBV infection, many with significant morbidity and mortality. The cause of these extrahepatic manifestations is generally believed to be immune mediated. PAN is a rare, but serious, systemic complication of chronic HBV affecting the small- and medium-sized vessels. PAN is seen more frequently in North American and European patients and rarely in Asian patients. PAN ultimately involves multiple organ systems, some with devastating consequences, though the hepatic manifestations are often more mild. The optimal treatment of HBV-associated PAN is thought to include a combination of antiviral and immunosuppressive therapies. HBV-associated GN occurs mainly in children, predominantly males, in HBV endemic areas of the world, but is only occasionally reported in the United States. In children, GN is usually self-limited with only rare progression to renal failure. In adults, the natural disease course of GN may be more relentless, slowly progressing to renal failure. Immunosuppressive therapy in HBV-related GN is not recommended, but antiviral therapy with alpha-interferon has shown promise. The serum-sickness like "arthritis-dermatitis" prodrome is seen in approximately one third of patients acquiring HBV. The joint and skin manifestations are varied, but the syndrome spontaneously resolves at the onset of clinical hepatitis with few significant sequelae. Occasionally, arthritis following the acute prodromal infection may persist; however, joint destruction is rare. The association between HBV and mixed essential cryoglobulinemia remains controversial; but a triad of purpura, arthralgias, and weakness, which can progress to nephritis, pulmonary disease, and generalized vasculitis, has characterized the syndrome. Finally, skin manifestations of HBV infection typically present as palpable purpura. Though papular acrodermatitis of childhood has been reported to be caused by chronic HBV, this association remains controversial.
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PMID:Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis B. 1548 47


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