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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activity of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was investigated in 80 patients with chronic non-A, non-B liver diseases. Anti-HCV antibodies were positive in 82.5% (66/80), and the titers were 1 for 18 patients, 2 for 40 and 3 for 8, respectively. The frequency of anti-HCV was significantly lower in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (8/13, 61.5%) than in those with chronic active hepatitis (42/49, 85.7%) (P less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of anti-HCV titers among the different stages of hepatitis. There was no correlation between anti-HCV titer and histology activity index score in chronic hepatitis. Activity of anti-HCV decreased more frequently in the patients who responded to interferon alpha (IFN alpha) therapy (8/22, 36.4%) than in those who did not (0/9, 0%) (P less than 0.05). These results indicate that anti-HCV activity does not correlate with the activity or disease stage of chronic hepatitis, but that anti-HCV activity decrease more frequently during IFN alpha treatment in patients who responded to IFN alpha therapy.
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PMID:Activity of antibodies to hepatitis C virus of patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis decreases during interferon alpha therapy. 165 65

We evaluated oral ribavirin as therapy for chronic hepatitis C infection in a pilot study including 10 patients. Patients (7 men, 3 women; mean age 40 years, range 23-54) all had biopsy-proven chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis and were repeatedly positive for antibodies to hepatitis C virus. Treatment was with oral ribavirin 1000-1200 mg per day in two divided doses for 12 weeks. The median serum alanine aminotransferase concentration for all patients at enrollment was 3.15 mu kat/l (range 1.22-7.79) and decreased significantly (p less than 0.005) to 1.25 mu kat/l (0.78-2.04) after 12 weeks of treatment. Within 6 weeks of the end of treatment the median serum alanine aminotransferase concentration was not significantly different from that before treatment. Side-effects were mild and fully reversible after cessation of therapy. We conclude that ribavirin is the first drug to offer a potentially effective oral treatment for chronic hepatitis C. It should be further evaluated in controlled trials, possibly in combination with interferon alpha.
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PMID:Ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C. 171 40

The levels of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and livers from patients with chronic liver diseases type B were measured. Beta 2m of liver and PBMC in chronic active hepatitis was higher than those of controls (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01). beta 2m of PBMC are directly proportional to those of livers (r = 0.746), beta 2m levels of PBMC in patients with chronic active hepatitis during the exacerbation of hepatitis was higher than those of remission of hepatitis. The levels of beta 2m in PBMC in vivo, was significantly increased during either interferon alpha or beta administration. Interferon-gamma positive cells in the liver were exacted in the beta 2m increased group of chronic hepatitis type B. INF-gamma production in the lymphocyte of livers, may play an important role in the occurrence of liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis type B.
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PMID:[Increased levels of beta 2-microglobulin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and hepatocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis type B]. 190 79

The efficacy of interferon therapy (IFN) was investigated in 46 patients with chronic non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis, of would 40 (87.0%) were positive for anti-HCV antibody (Ab) (C-100-3). Three kinds of IFN were used; human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI), interferon alpha-2b and interferon beta. Total doses of IFN ranged from 1 million units (MU) to 10 MU and treatment duration ranged from 2 weeks to 144 weeks. Of 46 patients 34 (73.9%) responded to IFN. Nine patients have maintained normal ALT levels and 5 patients have maintained near-normal ALT levels for more than 6 months after cessation of IFN treatment. In these cases the titers of anti-HCV Ab had decreased significantly at the end of IFN therapy and 6 months after IFN therapy respectively. The mean age was young and the mean disease duration was short in effective cases. As for doses and treatment duration of IFN, low doses of IFN requires long treatment duration to acquire continuous efficacy and high doses of IFN requires rather short treatment durations. Therefore, early IFN treatment, higher doses and longer periods of IFN treatment may improve the response rate of patients with chronic NANB hepatitis.
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PMID:Treatment of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis with interferon. 190 72

The biochemical and histological long-term outcome of interferon alpha-2b treatment for chronic posttransfusion non-A, non-B/C hepatitis was evaluated in a randomized study. 4/19 treated patients had a sustained response with normal serum alanine aminotransferases (s-ALAT) levels during follow-up, at present for 18-20 months after the end of interferon treatment. None of 11 responders with biochemical relapse normalized their s-ALAT levels during 1 year follow-up after treatment. Histological changes were assessed by a scoring system. The scores for portal inflammation, piecemeal necrosis and fibrosis were essentially unchanged in all treated patients between biopsies taken at the end of treatment and 1 year later. Six non-responders to 3 million units (MU) alpha-2b interferon thrice weekly (t.i.w.) were given 6 MU t.i.w. for at least 8 weeks. None normalized the s-ALAT levels during treatment with the higher dose, instead the side effects were much more pronounced, an obstacle to the usefulness of higher interferon doses. The biochemical non-responders had higher pretreatment histologic inflammation scores indicating a more severe infection. They also had a higher body weight and seemed to have prominent macrovesicular steatosis more often than responders, a finding that could contribute to raised aminotransferases, thereby in some of the non-responders, masking a positive biochemical effect of interferon treatment.
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PMID:Interferon alpha-2b treatment of chronic posttransfusion non-A, non-B/C hepatitis: long-term outcome and effect of increased interferon doses in non-responders. 195 27

In a pilot study 15 patients with cryptogenic chronic hepatitis non-A, non-B received human recombinant interferon alpha (rIFNa) at a dosage of 5 million units 3 times per week for periods of up to 4 months, followed by an additional 4-month course of treatment with 2 million units 3 times per week after an observed reduction in serum aminotransferase levels. Ten of the 15 patients demonstrated antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV). Pretreatment histological examinations revealed evidence of chronic aggressive hepatitis in 12 patients, 4 with signs of cirrhosis, and chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) in the remaining 3 cases. Normalization of serum aminotransferase levels was documented in 9 patients (7 anti-HCV-positive), and a significant reduction occurred in 2 additional anti-HCV-positive cases. Follow-up biopsy at 8 months in 7 of the 11 responders documented improved histological findings in every case. Five patients with CAH in the initial study had discrete residual portal inflammation or mesenchymal reaction in the second histological examination. Clinical follow-up is currently at 12 month, and 3 anti-HCV-positive responders have normal aminotransferase levels. The data show that a subset of patients with chronic hepatitis C will demonstrate remission of disease after an 8-month course of treatment with rIFNa.
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PMID:[Long-term treatment of cryptogenic hepatitis C using recombinant interferon alpha]. 212 76

Mouse Hepatitis Virus type 3 (MHV3) multiplication in isolated murine Kupffer cells was partially inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Supernatants of LPS-treated Kupffer cells contained large amounts of interferon. Inhibition of MHV3 multiplication was also observed when normal Kupffer cells were cultivated in a medium containing supernatants of LPS-treated Kupffer cells. In addition to the antiviral effect of the released interferon, there seems to be another effect of LPS, since Kupffer cells cultured in medium containing anti-interferon alpha beta antibodies were partially activated by LPS to inhibit MHV3 replication. The in vivo consequences of these effects for the local immunity of the liver against MHV3 infection are discussed.
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PMID:Inhibition of mouse hepatitis virus type 3 multiplication in activated Kupffer cells. 242 74

We have treated 17 patients with non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis by recombinant interferon alpha (0.3-9 megaunits for 4-28 weeks). In six patients, serum aminotransferase levels fell to normal or near-normal range during treatment. The mean levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in 17 patients fell from 156 +/- 80 (mean +/- SD) and 213 +/- 135 at the beginning of treatment to 94 +/- 49 and 112 +/- 71, respectively, at the end of treatment. In 12 patients, liver biopsies were performed before and after (or during) the treatment, and histological activity indices (HAI) were blindly examined by two independent observers. For comparison, we examined histological changes of pre- and posttreatment liver biopsies of 19 patients who were treated by recombinant interferon for chronic hepatitis B. Mean HAI scores improved from 10.0 to 5.4 after treatment in non-A, non-B chronic hepatitis. The most marked reduction was noted in scores of portal inflammation and hepatocellular degeneration and/or necrosis. No such reduction was observed in B-viral chronic hepatitis. These data indicated that rapid biochemical resolution by the treatment was related to histological improvement of the liver in our patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis.
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PMID:Histological changes of the liver by treatment of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis with recombinant leukocyte interferon alpha. Comparison with histological changes in chronic hepatitis B. 249 64

Our study was undertaken to determine whether human recombinant interferon alpha(rIFN alpha), gamma(rIFN gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha(rTNF alpha) exert an effect on the HLA-A, B, C expression of human liver cell lines. The HLA-A, B, C expression was assayed by immunoperoxidase staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. rIFN alpha and gamma enhanced the HLA-A, B, C expression of the three cell lines tested, Chang cells, SK-Hep-1, and PLC/PRF/5. The activity of rIFN gamma proved more than 8000 times more potent than that of rIFN alpha in Chang cells, 30 times in SK-Hep-1, and 20 times in PLC/PRF/5, respectively. rTNF alpha also enhanced the HLA-A, B, C expression of the three cell lines. The enhancement of HLA-A, B, C expression by rIFN alpha and gamma reached a peak on day 3, and that by rTNF alpha on day 5. These findings suggest that IFN alpha, IFN gamma, and TNF alpha may play similar roles in enhancement of HLA-A, B, C expression of hepatocytes in hepatitis and hepatoma cells.
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PMID:Effect of interferon alpha, gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha on the HLA-A, B, C expression of cell lines derived from human liver. 249 41

In a randomised controlled trial recombinant interferon alpha 2A (Roferon-A, rIFN alfa A) given at a dosage of 10 million units (MU)/m2 thrice weekly for six months was significantly better (p less than 0.02) than no treatment in producing a sustained loss of hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronic carriers. Although lower doses (5 MU/m2 and 2.5 MU/m2) also produced some responses, the seroconversion rate was not significantly greater than that observed in the control group. Sixteen of the 45 patients receiving interferon were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody positive: none of these responded. Forty one per cent of the anti-HIV negative patients receiving interferon (12/29, p less than 0.005) lost HBeAg and 17% (5/29) lost hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The response rate among these anti-HIV negative patients receiving at least three months therapy was 46% and 19% respectively. Low pretreatment HBV-DNA and absence of anti-HIV were the only significant independent variables predicting response to therapy (p less than 0.03 and p less than 0.05 respectively). In six patients, neutralising antibodies to alpha interferon were detected during therapy, the majority being non-responders.
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PMID:Randomised controlled trial of interferon alfa 2A (rbe) (Roferon-A) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: factors that influence response. 267 Jun 93


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