Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six intraoperative blood samples were obtained at intervals from each of 100 individuals undergoing their first liver transplants. The patients fell into the following diagnostic categories: postnecrotic cirrhosis 28, primary biliary cirrhosis 20, sclerosing cholangitis 19, miscellaneous diseases 14, carcinoma/neoplasia 12 and fulminant hepatitis 7. Coagulation factor values in the initial (baseline) blood samples varied by patient diagnosis. In general, all factor levels were reduced except factor VIII:C, which was increased to almost twice normal. The slight intraoperative changes in factors II, VII, IX, X, XI and XII suggested that a steady-state relationship existed between depletion (consumption/bleeding) and repletion (transfusion, transit from extra- to intravascular space), even in the anhepatic state. In contrast, there were rapid and very significant falls in factor VIII and fibrinogen and a less pronounced decrease in factor V, all reaching their nadirs in early to mid-Stage III. The cause of these coagulation changes appears to be activation of the fibrinolytic system.
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PMID:Liver transplantation: intraoperative changes in coagulation factors in 100 first transplants. 265 Dec 69

Pasteurization (heat treatment at +60 degrees C for 10 hours in solution) during the production of human plasma protein preparations has proved useful 1. to inactivate a broad spectrum of viruses and 2. in combination with stabilizers to leave the nativity of the products unaffected. Their efficacy has been experimentally tested for HTLV-III/LAV, Hepatitis B and non-A/non-B viruses. The following preparations were tested: with HTLV-III/LAV: Factor VIII, Factor IX, AT III, AHC and PPSB; with Hepatitis B virus: Factor VIII, Factor XIII, AT III, PPSB and Fibrinogen; with Hepatitis non-A/non-B virus: Factor VIII and AT III.
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PMID:Inactivation of HTLV-III/LAV, hepatitis B and non-A/non-B viruses by pasteurization in human plasma protein preparations. 311 11

To eliminate the risk of hepatitis infections, human plasma protein preparations can be heated in solution to 60 degrees C for 10 h thus inactivating several viruses. Preclinical safety experiments were performed in order to exclude the possibility of the formation of antigenic components, not present in normal human plasma, through this pasteurization step. Rabbits were immunized with either the heated or the unheated product. Sera were investigated in the Ouchterlony test against the homologous antigen to demonstrate precipitating antibodies. Antisera of rabbits immunized with the heated product were adsorbed with the preparation without the heating step. After centrifugation, the incubates were retested in the Ouchterlony assay. In passive cutaneous anaphylaxis assays guinea-pigs received the adsorbed antisera i.v., and both preparations were injected intracutaneously. The diameters of skin reactions were measured and did not show differences between those treated with the heated and non-heated product. No neoantigens could be detected with the following heated plasma protein fractions: prothrombin, coagulation factors VIII, IX, X, XIII, antithrombin III, fibrinogen, and Cl-inactivator. These results did not apply to heat-denaturated rabbit serum in a validation experiment.
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PMID:Assay of possible formation of antigenic components in heat-treated plasma protein preparations. 346 28

A 43-year-old woman was initially seen because of icterus. Clinical investigations revealed severe hepatic damage probably due to non-A, non-B hepatitis. She was treated with extracorporeal charcoal-column perfusion but died two weeks later in a hepatic coma. At autopsy, the brain showed kernicterus with typical discoloration of the hippocampus, the subthalamic nuclei, and the cerebellar dentate nuclei. Kernicterus in an adult is very rare. In this case, extracorporeal charcoal-column perfusion treatment led repeatedly to severe depletion of fibrinogen, with extensive hemorrhages. Overload of the already reduced hepatic glucuronyl-transferase capacity resulted in high serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin, an apparent prerequisite for the development of bilirubin encephalopathy.
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PMID:Kernicterus in an adult. 372 14

Coagulum pyelolithotomy was carried out on 20 patients from January, 1980 to April 1984. Nephrolithotomy was jointly carried out on 4 of them, but residual stones were observed in 4 cases (20%). No side effect such as hepatitis was observed in any cases. While inferring the cause of residue, experimental study was made on tension, coagulation time and mixing method in respect to coagulum formation. In the experiment on tension, no significant difference was observed when thrombin concentration was changed, but when calcium was added, tension increased 4 fold. As thrombin concentration rose, so shortened the coagulation time. It was inferred that a better coagulum is made available if fibrinogen and thrombin are mixed outside the kidney.
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PMID:[Study of coagulum pyelolithotomy]. 373 58

The use of fibrin glues as topical hemostatic agents is reported in the European literature. We have composed an analogous compound in our operating rooms using cryoprecipitate and topical thrombin (1000 units/ml) in equal volumes applied directly to the bleeding site. We have used cryoprecipitate-topical thrombin glue in 26 patients undergoing cardiac operations. Severe bleeding not responding to usual methods of control was encountered during or after coronary artery bypass (n = 17), valve replacement (n = 3), bypass plus valve replacement (n = 5), or repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect (n = 1). Five patients were operated on emergently and four were undergoing their second cardiac operation. The glue was used in four patients while on bypass and fully heparinized and in 17 patients who continued to bleed after separation from bypass and administration of protamine. Hemostasis was achieved in all patients and none required reexploration for bleeding. In five patients undergoing reexploration for postoperative hemorrhage (none having received cryoprecipitate-topical thrombin glue during the initial operation), the glue provided hemostasis when other measures failed, and no additional reexplorations were needed. No patient exhibited hypersensitivity, fibrinolysis, or coagulopathy following the use of this glue. In 16 patients followed for 9 to 12 months postoperatively, no hepatitis has occurred. The highly concentrated fibrinogen in cryoprecipitate is activated by thrombin to form fibrin and bring about rapid hemostasis. Cryoprecipitate-topical thrombin glue is a readily available, reliable, and inexpensive topical hemostatic agent in the patient undergoing a cardiac operation.
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PMID:Cryoprecipitate-topical thrombin glue. Initial experience in patients undergoing cardiac operations. 393 Aug 85

Heating sterilized albumin preparations at 600 degrees C for 10 hours has historically been shown to yield a hepatitis-free, efficacious product. We have evaluated such a pasteurization procedure with AHF preparations. Procoagulant activity and fibrinogen stability were dependent on the amount of sucrose used as a stabilizer. Flash pasteurization at 72 degrees C was evaluated and was found to be detrimental to AHF. Effect of sucrose concentration was shown on the inactivation kinetics of porcine parvovirus. In the absence of other stabilizers, increased sucrose can provide increased thermoresistance to the virus in 2.5% albumin.
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PMID:Pasteurization of antihemophilic factor and model virus inactivation studies. 393 Dec 93

Human plasma containing the Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen was fractionated by the cold ethanol method of Cohn, Strong, Hughes, Mulford, Ashworth, Melin, and Taylor (1946) and small aliquots were examined for the presence of this antigen by immunodiffusion and by electron microscopy. The findings were in general agreement with the postulated risk of transmitting hepatitis by blood derivatives. The Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen was detected in fibrinogen, thrombin, and antihaemophilic globulin as well as in other fractions. The antigen was not found in gamma globulin (immunoglobulin fraction) nor in albumin.The use of radioiodinated fibrinogen for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis is discussed and it is concluded that the use of fibrinogen for diagnostic procedures should be assessed against the possible risk of hepatitis.
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PMID:The Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen in fibrinogen and other fractions of human plasma. 499 77

Human alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-m) levels were studied in the sera and urine of patients with various liver diseases. In patients with acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis it was almost within the normal range. A significant decrease of serum alpha 1-m, however, was demonstrated in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.05) as well as in those with decompensated liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.001). The most striking decrease was noted in patients with fulminant hepatitis (p less than 0.001). Its concentration in hepatoma was generally within the normal range, but there was 1 hepatoma case with the high concentration of alpha 1-m. Serum alpha 1-m levels correlated significantly with serum albumin, plasma fibrinogen and cholinesterase activity. As compared with the level in normal individuals, the patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis had significantly low urinary alpha 1-m (p less than 0.005), reflecting the findings for sera. These results indicated that the liver plays an important role in alpha 1-m synthesis, and its quantitation may be used for evaluating severe liver damage.
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PMID:Human alpha 1-microglobulin in various hepatic disorders. 619 36

Fibronectin (FN) has been implicated in the cryoprecipitation of fibrin-fibrinogen complexes. Preliminary observations have suggested that it may also play a role in cryoglobulinemia. In the present study 32 cryoprecipitates from patients with hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, and inflammatory bowel diseases were analyzed and screened for the presence of FN. Most cryoproteins of patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and inflammatory bowel diseases were of the mixed IgM-IgG type and all contained FN. In contrast, most cryoproteins of patients with hepatitis were composed of polyclonal IgM and were devoid of FN. It is possible that FN characterizes and facilitates the formation of mixed cryoglobulins. However, its presence does not seem to be an absolute requirement for cryoprecipitation.
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PMID:Presence of fibronectin in cold precipitates of patients with cryoimmunoglobulinemia. 628 Nov 99


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