Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019087 (hemorrhagic diathesis)
 678 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe hemorrhagic diathesis caused by hemophilia A (factor VIII:C deficiency) was diagnosed in 2 related Quarter Horse colts. Clinical signs consisted of dyspnea and dysphagia attributable to cranial cervical hematoma in one colt and to intra-abdominal hemorrhage resulting in death of the second colt. Factor VIII:C deficiency, a defect of the intrinsic coagulation pathway, is suggested by results of coagulation studies--prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, normal prothrombin time, and normal primary bleeding time. The diagnosis was confirmed by results of factor VIII:C assays. Hemophilia A is inherited as an X chromosome-linked trait.
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PMID:Hemophilia A in two related quarter horse colts. 313 24

A lupus or lupus-like inhibitor was detected in 57 patients: 24 systemic lupus erythematosus, 9 autoimmune diseases, 10 lymphoproliferative disease, 11 miscellaneous diseases and 3 asymptomatic patients. No hemorrhagic diathesis was observed in spite of major surgery. Thromboembolism occurred in 19 patients. Among them, 5 patients had recurrent abortions. An extensive study of coagulation profile compared different assays to investigate lupus-like inhibitor: the most sensitive assay was the partial thromboplastin time performed without activator. When performed with kaolin, it was the only assay detecting the lupus cofactor. Prothrombin time was prolonged in only 53% of the patients. Factors VIII, IX, XI and XII were in the normal range in 40% of the patients. When decreased, apparent deficiencies were usually not detectable on further dilutions of the test samples. In 7 patients factor XII antigen and activity were both decreased, suggesting an apparent factor XII deficiency. No relationship was observed between thromboembolic events, underlying disease or biological pattern.
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PMID:Biological and clinical heterogeneity of lupus and lupus-like anticoagulant in fifty-seven patients. 348 Sep 33

205 cases of clinical poisoning with the mushroom Amanita phalloides (death cap) in the period 1971 to 1980 have been studied retrospectively. The lethality was 22.4%. Age and latency between the ingestion of the mushrooms and the first clinical symptoms were of prognostic significance. The death rate was 51.3% in children below 10 years of age but only 16.5% in patients older than 10 years. The average latency period was 10.3 hours for the fatal cases and 12.6 hours for the surviving patients. Country, year, sex and time of hospitalization did not influence lethality. Prognostic relevance could also be attributed to the thromboplastin time (Quick). 84% of the patients with values below 10% died, while all patients with minimal values of more than 40% survived. The correlation with the outcome was weaker for the serum transaminases and nil for creatinine. The patients underwent on the average 8 therapeutic measures, but up to 20 therapies could be administered to the same patient. Eight of the 30 recorded treatments involved general support, 7 toxin elimination and the remaining 14 could be classified as pharmacotherapy. With the aid of multiple regression analysis taking into account age, latency period and the effects of all the other measures, penicillin and hyperbaric oxygenation were found to contribute independently to a higher survival rate. As compared to penicillin, the combination of penicillin with silybin was associated with still further increased survival. On the other hand, several measures, including exchange transfusion, thiocytic acid, sulfamethoxazole, plasma expanders, haemodialysis, treatment of the hemorrhagic diathesis and THAM/sodium bicarbonate were administered more often to patients who did not survive. For the remaining 20 therapeutic measures our analysis revealed neither a positive nor a negative correlation with the clinical outcome.
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PMID:[Clinical death-cap (Amanita phalloides) poisoning: prognostic factors and therapeutic measures. Analysis of 205 cases]. 629 Nov 47

Collaborative studies on hemostasis in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients by Indonesian and Japanese teams revealed that all DHF patients had manifestations of the acute type of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Prolongations of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time and decreases of platelet counts, fibrinogen, prothrombin, factor VIII, plasminogen and antithrombin III activities were observed transiently during the acute stage of DHF. It was also found that alpha 2 antiplasmin was decreased in the acute stage to 32% of the normal level on the average. This may characterize the hemorrhagic diathesis of the DHF patients.
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PMID:Features of DIC in dengue hemorrhagic fever. 666 46

Exposure of guinea pigs to homogeneous magnetic fields as low as 0.005 T for 1 hour, 7 days a week, for 6 weeks led to a decreased platelet count; increased platelet aggregation; increased prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times; decreased fibrinogen and increased fibrinolysis. These effects were reversible within 2 months of discontinuation of exposure to the magnetic field. These results suggest an extensive hemorrhagic diathesis combined with a tendency toward thrombosis. Possible mechanisms are discussed.
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PMID:The effect of magnetic fields on platelets, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in guinea pigs. 667 35

A case of circulating anticoagulant resulting in persistent postoperative bleeding has been reported. All clotting factors were normal when the patient's plasma was tested in a high dilution. Unlike previous reports of this type of coagulation inhibitor, the hemorrhagic diathesis was clinically severe in comparison with the mildly abnormal in vitro tests. Many unknowns remain: the chemical nature of this anticoagulant; the time needed to return to normal coagulation levels; the frequency and severity of drug-induced anticoagulation; and the dose and duration of usage of medications resulting in circulating anticoagulants. In retrospect, the only clinical evidence suggestive of a coagulation problem in this case was a marginally elevated partial thromboplastin time. In our opinion, a preoperative coagulation screening, consisting of prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, and template bleeding time, may help to prevent serious postoperative hemostatic complications.
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PMID:Postsurgical hemorrhage resulting from a drug-induced circulating anticoagulant: report of case. 696 61

A 74-year-old man developed a severe bleeding disorder on the basis of acquired Factor VIII (F VIII) inhibitor. Coagulation assays showed a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) with a normal prothrombin time (PT);F VIII level was 0.07 IU and F VIII inhibitor level 8.8 Bethesda units (BU). At least half the cases of acquired haemophilia A are associated with pregnancy, the postpartum period or an underlying malignancy or autoimmune disease. Haemorrhagic diathesis can be severe and life-threatening. Treatment of acute haemorrhages consists of human or porcine factor VIII concentrate, activated prothrombin complex concentrate (FEIBA) or recombinant factor VIIa, depending on the antibody titre. Immunosuppressive therapy is successful in at least 60% of the patients in making the inhibitor disappear. In patients with a spontaneous haemorrhagic diathesis, a thorough medical history should be taken, coagulation assays should be performed and a specialist should be consulted.
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PMID:[Acquired haemophilia A]. 938 Jan 88

SKF-99085, an acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) was evaluated in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at oral doses of 0, 10, 100, or 400 mg/kg/day for 6 months as part of the preclinical safety assessment of this drug candidate. In male rats given 400 mg/kg/day SKF-99085, hemorrhage and death were observed in males during the first month of the study, prompting collection of blood samples at weeks 6, 17, and 24 to monitor coagulation parameters. A dose-related increase in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and Thrombotest clotting time (TCT) was observed in all male drug-treated groups. Mean APTT values for male rats given 10, 100, or 400 mg/kg/day were increased maximally to 17.5, 20.8, and 34.7 s (control, 15.4-16.0 s), and mean TCT values were increased to 86, 100, and >300 s (control, 71-74 s), respectively. Mean prothrombin times (PT) for male rats given 400 mg/kg/day were increased to 16.5 s (control, 12.9-13.1 s). Activities of factors II, VII, IX, and X were decreased in males at dosages of 10, 100, or 400 mg/kg/day. Factor V and VIII activities were unaffected. In summary, the drug-related hemorrhagic disorder observed in male rats given high doses of the ACAT inhibitor SKF 99085 was attributed to a reduction in the activity of vitamin-K-dependent coagulation factors. In contrast to humans and some other species, the APTT and TCT were more sensitive than the PT in detecting this effect.
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PMID:Altered hemostasis in male rats following administration of the ACAT inhibitor SKF-99085. 992 78

By virtue of a severely prolonged aPTT with a normal thromboplastin time (prothrombin time) and a normal thrombin time, severe FXII deficiency has been diagnosed in a woman without a bleeding diathesis or a history of thromboembolic complications. A deficiency of a factor of the contact activation system (FXII, prekallikrein, high molecular weight kininogen) is usually diagnosed during routine coagulation tests demonstrating a prolonged aPTT. The severe and partial deficiency of FXII, of prekallikrein or high molecular weight kininogen is not associated with a bleeding tendency. In contrast, severely factor XI deficient subjects may suffer from a mild hemorrhagic diathesis, whereas FVIII deficiency (hemophilia A, autoimmune "hemophilia", von Willebrand disease) and FIX deficiency (hemophilia B) are associated with a bleeding tendency of varying severity, depending on the clotting activity of FVIII or FIX, respectively. An isolated prolongation of the aPTT due to a lupus anticoagulant, however, is frequently associated with arterial and/or venous thrombosis. Therefore, in case of a prolongation of the aPTT, its cause has to be determined.
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PMID:[A patient with isolated prolongation of aPTT without hemorrhagic diathesis anamnesis: severe, hereditary factor XII deficiency]. 1051 21

Congenital afibrinogenaemia is a rare hemorrhagic disorder characterized by the absence of fibrinogen. We report a case of congenital afibrinogenaemia presented with leg ulcer. A 30-year-old man presented with a history of prolonged bleeding from birth. His parents are cousins. He repeatedly showed haematoma after traumas on his leg. He was diagnosed as having congenital afibrinogenaemia because of plasma fibrinogen deficiency. Because his leg ulcer gradually increased in size, he was admitted to our department for treatment. Laboratory examinations revealed prolonged bleeding time, prolonged coagulation time, prolonged prothrombin time, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and plasma fibrinogen was not measurable. Histological examination revealed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and severe fibrotic change in the whole dermis. Severe hemosiderin deposit was found in the middle dermis. His leg ulcer cured 2 months after the beginning of fresh frozen plasma administration (FFP), but recurrence of the leg ulcer after FFP treatment was found. This is the second reported case of congenital afibrinogenaemia presented with leg ulcer.
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PMID:Leg ulcer presenting in a patient with congenital afibrinogenaemia. 1180


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