Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019087 (hemorrhagic diathesis)
 678 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The administration of mithramycin to patients with testicular tumors has been accompanied by a hemorrhagic diasthesis, often in the absence of thrombocytopenia. Bleeding time, platelet aggregation, platelet adenine nucleotide levels, and coagulation factor assays were studied in three patients receiving mithramycin for embryonal testicular carcinomas. These studies demonstrated a drug dependent, reversible hemorrhagic diathesis associated with (1) prolongation of bleeding time, (2) decreased platelet aggregation responses to ADP, collagen, and epinephrine, and (3) depleted platelet stores of ADP in the absence of thrombocytopenia. These abnormalities were temporally correlated with the onset of mucocutaneous bleeding in all patients.
Cancer 1978 Feb
PMID:Acquired platelet dysfunction following mithramycin therapy. 14 32

A case of myelomonocytic leukemia is described in which an increase in primary fibrinolytic activity produced a severe hemorrhagic diathesis. The leukemic cells were demonstrated to be the source of the fibrinolytic activity. Utilizing a fibrin coated slide technique, the intact leukemic cells were shown to release their fibrinolytic activity and to induce local lysis. Intact leukocytes from normal subjects and other patients with acute leukemia of varied cell types were unable to release fibrinolytic activity although in some of the leukemic preparations, increased fibrinolytic activity was demonstrated after in vitro disruption of the cells.
Cancer 1977 Apr
PMID:Leukocytic fibrinolysis in myelomonocytic leukemia. 26 47

The clinical and laboratory features of nine patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia are described. Hepatic or splenic enlargement accompanied by an absolute monocytosis in an older patient with an elevated serum or urine lysozyme and serum vitamin B12 levels were characteristic of the majority of patients in this series. No single clinical or laboratory finding was diagnostic for the disease. Most importantly, seven of nine patients had abnormal coagulation values; in two cases the abnormalities were consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation and correlated with a hemorrhagic diathesis. It is concluded that patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia who have thrombocytopenia or a bleeding tendency should be evaluated for evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Disseminated coagulopathy in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. 29 10

Between October 1988 and May 1989, four cancer patients treated by broad-spectrum antibiotics developed a hemorrhagic diathesis induced by vitamin k (VK) deficiency. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), factor II (FII) and protein induced by vitamin k absence of antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) were measured after administration of antibiotics and VK in all 4 patients. All these patients had been receiving intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) and antibiotics for various infections. But all or them developed hemorrhagic diathesis within five days after the initiation of broad-spectrum cephem antibiotics (LMOX or CMNX). The abnormalities were 1) marked decrease of F II (6-18%), 2) prolongation of APTT (58.4-200 seconds), 3) prolongation of PT (7-21%), 4) marked increase of PIVKA-II (17-80 less than AU/ml). After being treated by intravenous administration of VK, hemorrhagic diathesis and abnormalities of coagulation tests except for PIVKA-II were corrected quickly in three evaluated patients. The measurement of PIVKA-II seemed to be useful to diagnose the hemorrhagic diathesis caused by VK deficiency in the patients during administration of antibiotics.
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PMID:[Acquired coagulopathy caused by administration of parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics]. 190 Nov 16

Bleeding defects are of great interest in pediatrics since the prevalence of congenital forms and the early appearance of acquired ones. The pathology itself and the therapy indeed can often interfere with the growing-up patients. Bleeding defects have been identified with an heterogeneous group of clinical disease that differs from one another in etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and incidence in population. Bleeding diathesis is the common symptom: bleeding tendency may be mild, moderate or severe, localized or generalized, cutaneous or mucosal, superficial or deep. Bleeding disorders may be classified as a) defects in the primary haemostasis, which include quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of platelets and vascular disorders and b) defects in secondary haemostasis, which include intravascular disorders (blood coagulation). Careful history and clinical examination are essential in diagnosis of bleeding disorders. History of patient should be taken a) to differentiate acquired from congenital disease and to know the way of hereditary transmission (family history); b) to know exactly the disease's start and the mutual relation with former or accompanying disease; c) mutual relation with drugs token. Subsequently a careful physical examination should be done. A specific hemorrhagic diathesis has been seen with a deficiency of primary or secondary haemostasis. A deficient or late haemostatic plug in small vessels can cause superficial, interstitial bleeding that may be intracutaneous or intramucosal and is called purpura. In coagulation factor deficiency the haemostatic plug cannot be consolidated by fibrin: spontaneous hematomas, hemarthrosis and ecchymoses often occurs. The initial laboratory work up for screening patients with bleeding disorders should include first step tests to differentiate bleeding disorders for bone-marrow malignancies; from virus infections carrying screening of major viruses and from hepatic diseases. Second step laboratory examination includes a) platelet count or estimation of platelet number on blood smear; b) bleeding time to test small vessel integrity and platelet function; c) aPTT, PT, AP to measure clotting activity; d) fibrinogen determination. With this battery of screening test it is usually possible to determine the general area of the defect (abnormalities of platelets number or function or congenital defect of one or more clotting factors activity). Acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is the most common bleeding disorders in childhood. Usually no therapy may be required no matter platelet count. Patients with a significant hemorrhagic tendency are treated either with prednisone (2 mg/kg orally in divided daily doses) for a period of 2 weeks or with a 5 days course of special polyvalent intact immunoglobulin (400 mg/kg/die) for intravenous use.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Children with hemorrhagic diathesis: correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach]. 219 46

Although a 39-year-old male received the curative operation of total gastrectomy for advanced scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach, recurrence of cancer was occurred soon after the surgery, accompanied by hemorrhagic diathesis from DIC. The abdominal CT scan examination revealed the rapid enlargement in the size of the several lymphnodes around the abdominal aorta, and the blood chemistry tests showed marked increase of the serum CEA value. The sequential chemotherapy with intermediate dose of MTX and 5-FU in conjunction with OK-432 was started to treat the case. This chemotherapy was carried out once a week for 5 times and consequently DIC was led to the perfect remission. Furthermore, CEA level decreased within normal range, and the size of the enlarged lymphnodes at paraaortic area diminished remarkably. Although he complained of nausea and loss of appetite during the treatment, no severe adverse effects such as granulocytopenia, diarrhea, or loss of hair were observed. The successful result in this patient suggests that sequential therapy of intermediate dose of MTX and 5-FU with administration of OK-432 may be effective in the treatment of advanced scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach.
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PMID:[Effect of sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for a case of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome associated with recurrence of gastric cancer--a case report]. 255 83

We present the case of a woman affected by ovarian cancer metastatic to multiple lymph node and the CNS. She was affected by hemorrhagic diathesis with microangiopathic alterations, whereas coagulopathy developed only after some days in coincidence with disease worsening. Our patient is probably one of those in which cancer leads to microangiopathy and coagulopathy by means of a tissue factor-like activity, a common event in mucin secretory tumors. Fibrinolytic activity was also increased in our patient as in others of the same type. The main aspect of this case report is metastasis to the CNS and to other multiple sites, which is quite uncommon in such cancers. We retain that tumor procoagulant activity could have played a role in this phenomenon.
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PMID:CNS metastasis in ovarian cancer with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia associated with diffuse intravascular coagulation. 323 17

Only two of 19 patients with spontaneously evolving essential thrombocythemia remained asymptomatic in a 421 patient-month observation. The rest of the patients showed hemorrhagic diathesis (four patients), nonspecific neurological semiology (two patients), and occlusive vascular illness in cerebral, myocardic, arterial, and often multiple locations (total, 12 patients). Peripheral neuropathy was found in five of 10 patients studied. In this series the incidence of cerebral ischemia in the uncontrolled condition was 180 times higher than the epidemiologic expectancy in a population not affected by the disorder. Of 35 ischemic attacks, 22 occurred when the platelet count was more than than 1000 X 10(9)/l, 13 when the count ranged from 650 to 990 X 10(9)/l, and none occurred at counts of less than 650 X 10(9)/l. In contrast, therapeutic control of the thrombocytosis caused all complications to disappear. These findings point out the danger of the natural course of the illness and justify active therapy. At the same time they call into question some of the most commonly used criteria in the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia.
Cancer 1988 Mar 15
PMID:Controlled and uncontrolled thrombocytosis. Its clinical role in essential thrombocythemia. 334 78

Histological changes were studied in experimental animals following the intraperitoneal administration of high-dose cisplatin with or without high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum factor. There were pronounced renal toxicities with high-dose (10 mg/kg) cisplatin, particularly involving distal tubules with glomerular congestion. However, lower toxicities were noted with reduced dosage of cisplatin (5 mg/kg) and especially if given once as a single bolus injection instead of a 5-day regimen. Renal and hepatic toxicities were marked with concomitant methotrexate administration leading to hemorrhagic diathesis and shorter survival. However, toxicities were relatively reduced when cisplatin was given as a single bolus injection instead of a 5-day divided course. Such information may prove helpful in future planning of combination chemotherapy in patients with malignancies using these two agents.
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PMID:Histological changes following high-dose methotrexate and cisplatinum administration and the influence of dosage scheduling. 360 28

Sparsomycin is a cytotoxic drug exhibiting a broad spectrum of in vitro activity against murine tumors and many tumor cell lines. It also appears to be a potent stimulator of the antitumor activity of cisplatin against L1210 leukemia in vivo. However, because of its toxicity, the antitumor activity of sparsomycin on murine tumors in vivo has been disappointing. The purpose of our study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of this drug as well as the possible mechanisms that produce sparsomycin toxicity. Tests on beagle dogs revealed that about 60% of the drug is eliminated by metabolic clearance, while 40% is eliminated by the kidneys. After a single bolus injection of 0.1 mg/kg sparsomycin without narcosis, sparsomycin was eliminated with a t beta 1/2 of 0.6-0.7 h, the AUC being 0.32-0.38 mg.h.l-1, and the volume of distribution (Vd) 0.26 l/kg. In addition to being subject to glomerular filtration, sparsomycin is probably also actively excreted and actively reabsorbed by the renal tubuli. Sparsomycin itself may inhibit its active tubular excretion, thus resulting in a decrease in the drug's renal clearance and its accumulation in the plasma. Sparsomycin appeared to be toxic primarily in the liver, disturbing its function and the synthesis of plasma proteins. Two out of five dogs developed hemorrhagic diathesis due to hypofibrinogenemia and deficiency of other blood-coagulation factors. Sparsomycin was not toxic to the bone marrow.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1987
PMID:Pharmacokinetics and toxicology of sparsomycin in beagle dogs. 366 30


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