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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the case of 17-year-old male adolescent immunocompetent patient with an operated transposition of the great arteries after the Mustard technique admitted to our hospital because of a cough and hemoptysis. Two nodules and an area of ground glass appearance located in the lower lobe of the left lung were diagnosed by ultrafast computed tomography (UF-CT) after ruling out cardiovascular complications. The gastric aspirate revealed acid-fast bacilli despite a repeatedly negative tuberculin skin test identified as Mycobacterium gordonae by the Gen-Probe Rapid Diagnostic Test. After an initial standard antimycobacterial therapy with isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide the therapy was changed to clarithromycin and after a treatment course of 14 days, the UF-CT revealed a normal scan of both lungs. The case described suggests that one has to consider M. gordonae as a rare cause of infection even in immunocompetent patients.
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PMID:Pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium gordonae in an adolescent immunocompetent patient. 925 67

An 86-year-old man with a history of asthma and hypertension suddenly developed hemoptysis. A computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrated a right-sided paratracheal mass adjacent to the aortic arch that had not been recognized on a CT scan 5 months before. Angiography revealed extravasation of the contrast agent from the innominate artery. These findings suggested innominate artery perforation resulting in a pseudoaneurysm. At the time of operation, an approximately 3-cm defect was noted at the right side of the innominate artery. The aneurysmal cavity was inspected through the tear of the innominate artery, and there was no purulent fluid or thrombus. A prosthetic graft interposition between the origin of the innominate artery and the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and subclavian artery was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. Histologic study of the innominate artery revealed only atherosclerotic changes. There was no evidence of infection or malignancy. The hemoptysis disappeared postoperatively.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007 Feb
PMID:Spontaneous innominate artery perforation presenting as hemoptysis. 1744 81

A 76-year-old man had undergone aneurysm exclusion and ascending abdominal aortic extraanatomical bypass for a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm in 1978. In 1983 hemoptysis occurred, and resection and closure of the central stump of the aorta and a left lower lobectomy were performed. Dilatation (phi50 mm) of a prosthetic graft (Cooley Graft phi18 mm) used for extraanatomical bypass was noted in 2001 and was repaired by placement of an Inoue stent graft. However, the aneurysm diameter increased further (phi70 mm), although no endoleak was noted: Placement of an Inoue stent graft covering the whole length of the prosthetic graft was repeated in 2006. The postoperative course was smooth, no endoleak occurred, and the patient was discharged 2 weeks after surgery.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007 Feb
PMID:Repeated transluminal endovascular Inoue stent graft placement for progressive dilatation of prosthetic graft that had been repaired with Inoue stent graft placement for dilatation 23 years after extraanatomical bypass. 1744 82

Broncholithiasis is frequently associated with hemoptysis and infection. The most common cause of the disease is the presence of calcified material in a bronchus or in a cavity communicating with a bronchus. We present two cases of broncholithiasis treated by surgery. Case 1 involves a 57-year-old woman who presented with cough and bloody sputum. She had suffered from recurrent pneumonia in the left lower lobe caused by broncholithiasis for 2 years. We performed left S6 segmentectomy with bronchoplasty after unsuccessful bronchoscopic removal. Case 2 is a 65-year-old man who had had hilar tuberculous lymphoadenopathy at the age of 20. Recently he had suffered from recurrent bloody sputum and pulmonary suppuration for 3 years. We performed right upper lobectomy because the right B3 was occluded by inflammatory granulation with calcification. Postoperatively, these two patients have been alive and well with no complications. The indications of surgery for broncholithiasis include a difficult bronchoscopic broncholithectomy, massive hemoptysis, and irreversible complications such as chronic pulmonary suppurative disease.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007 Mar
PMID:Broncholithiasis managed by surgical resection. 1744 14

The constellation of chronic cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis can include a broad range of differential diagnoses. Although uncommon, exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) should be considered when patients present with this symptom complex. We report a case of a 72-year-old female who presented with hemoptysis, cough, and dyspnea. The admission computed tomography scan of the chest revealed progressive interstitial infiltrates. Bronchoscopy revealed diffuse erythema without bleeding. Culture and cytology of lavage fluid were negative. Open-lung biopsy revealed numerous lipid-laden macrophages and multinucleated foreign-body giant cells. On further questioning, the patient admitted to the daily use of mineral oil for constipation. The diagnosis of ELP was made. The literature review revealed that many cases typically present with chronic cough with or without dyspnea. Our case illustrates an unusual presenting symptom of hemoptysis and the need to identify patients who can be at risk of developing this rare condition.
J Gen Intern Med 2007 Nov
PMID:Not your typical pneumonia: a case of exogenous lipoid pneumonia. 1784 47

A 30-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of refractory pneumonia. He had been repeatedly hospitalized owing to pneumonia recurring in the left lower lung field and had a 7-day history of hemoptysis at the age of 11. Chest computed tomography demonstrated reduced volume of the left lower lobe with parenchymal consolidation. The patient preferred surgery as first-line treatment rather than other interventions because he had suffered from refractory pneumonia or local pleuritis for a long time. Left lower lobectomy was performed. The resected specimen revealed obstruction of the posterior basal segment bronchus in which a foreign body (FB) was found embedded in granulation tissue. The FB was a plastic air-pistol pellet. After further questioning, the patient remembered aspirating the pellet while playing with the pistol at the age of 5. When it is difficult to remove a long-standing intrabronchial FB, we recommend surgery.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008 Apr
PMID:Inhaled foreign body overlooked for 25 years in an adult. 1840 83

Tracheal chondrosarcomas are rare, with only 14 cases previously documented. We report a case of chondrosarcoma of the trachea and review other published cases. Our patient was a 34-year-old man who began to feel shortness of breath 8 months after initial hemoptysis. Transverse and coronal computed tomography demonstrated a tumor that was obstructing nearly 80% of the tracheal lumen at the thoracic inlet. A bronchoscopic biopsy specimen led to an initial diagnosis of chondroma. Five tracheal rings from the third to the seventh including the tumor were completely resected, and an end-to-end anastomosis was performed. The histological diagnosis of the surgical specimen showed it to be a chondrosarcoma. The patient was alive without recurrence at 6 years 4 months after surgery. Because recurrence after incomplete resection and malignant transformation can occur with chondromas, radical resection of the trachea is recommended for all cartilaginous tumors of the trachea.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008 Apr
PMID:Tracheal chondrosarcoma. 1840 85

The frequency of oronasal haemorrhage in infancy was estimated from two national GP research databases (6% UK population). When a case was identified, other presentations in the child over the first year were available from one dataset. In the first year haemoptysis is rare. In contrast, epistaxis (7-20 cases of per 10,000 infants) was 10 times more common, and 14.3% of these infants had an injury at some other point in infancy, (four times greater than the general population). In general practice epistaxis may herald other trauma presentations, implying that such infants may be part of a high-risk group for injury.
Br J Gen Pract 2008 Dec
PMID:Incidence of oronasal haemorrhage in infancy presenting to general practice in the UK. 1906 61

Bronchial arteriovenous malformation with a large aneurysm appearing as a mass shadow in the right hilum on chest imaging was successfully extirpated thoracoscopically without any lung resection. Preoperative angiography showed tortuous, enlarged right bronchial arteries with an aneurysm connecting to the pulmonary artery, which could not be totally embolized via the transcatheter approach because of the length of the abnormal bronchial artery and possibility of embolotherapy-induced pulmonary infarction. Histological examination revealed defects of the media and internal elastic lamina of the resected bronchial arteries and aneurysm. The patient was free of hemoptysis and other airway symptoms 4 years after surgery.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009 Mar
PMID:Bronchial arteriovenous malformation with large aneurysm, resected by video-assisted thoracic surgery. 1928 Mar 16

A 75-year-old woman presented with chronic cough and hemoptysis. Chest computed tomography (CT) and aortography revealed a small, contrast-filled outpouching in the wall of the descending aorta, which was thought to be the source of bleeding. At thoracotomy, there were firm adhesions between the descending aorta and the left S6. The aorta was clamped and the adhesions were removed revealing a defect in the aortic wall with thrombus. The defect was sutured. A penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer and intramural hematoma were diagnosed based on the radiological and operative findings.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009 Jul
PMID:Aortopulmonary fistula caused by penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer and intramural hematoma. 1959 29


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