Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study describes an unusual patient with X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) in whom diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) developed as a complication of alemtuzumab therapy following renal transplantation. A 26-year-old man with XLAS underwent retransplantation with a cadaveric renal allograft. He received alemtuzumab therapy as a part of an immunosuppressive induction protocol, and dyspnea and hemoptysis developed. A chest CT scan showed diffuse alveolar opacities. Bronchoscopy was performed to determine the cause of hemoptysis and hypoxia. BAL showed a characteristic increasingly bloody return in the sequential aliquots. There was no growth of pathogenic bacteria or evidence of opportunistic infection. Clinical improvement occurred with the initiation of steroids, and the patient required short-term mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of DAH associated with use of alemtuzumab therapy, although other pulmonary toxicities have been described. The prevalence of this form of pulmonary toxicity is unclear and requires further systematic study.
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PMID:Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage following alemtuzumab. 1857 90

We report a fatal case of alemtuzumab-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in an 18-year-old male with Alport syndrome. The patient developed acute onset shortness of breath, hemoptysis and fever after renal transplantation. Computed tomography findings were consistent with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Bronchoscopy and broncho-alveolar lavage was performed that showed no evidence of pathogenic bacteria or opportunistic infection. The patient was intubated and ventilated because of worsening respiratory function. The patient received plasma electrophoresis and was maintained on tacrolimus and steroids; however, unfortunately the patient died 31 days post-transplantation due to worsening respiratory function and declining graft function. Although the prevalence and the exact mechanism of this fatal complication remain unknown, an awareness of this complication is important to all clinicians using alemtuzumab. This is a second report of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to alemtuzumab induction in patients with Alport syndrome.
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PMID:Diffuse Alveolar haemorrhage: a fatal complication after alemtuzumab induction therapy in renal transplantation. 2564 95