Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 22 year old male was admitted with haemoptysis. A chest X-ray showed bilateral confluent alveolar infiltrates. Bronchoscopy revealed blood oozing from all bronchopulmonary segments. Open lung biopsy disclosed bilateral effusions and large necrotizing nodules with pleural adhesions. Histological examination showed tumour cells, which were negative to epithelial and embryogenic markers but positive to factor VIII. This confirmed the diagnosis of an epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. This rare tumour, usually has an indolent course, whereas in our case it was complicated by alveolar and intrapleural bleeding.
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PMID:Alveolar haemorrhage with pleural effusion as a manifestation of epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. 161 60

A 65-year-old man who died of respiratory failure due to malignant hemangioendothelioma is reported. He was admitted to our hospital because of intractable hemoptysis. Chest roentgenogram revealed multiple patchy shadows in both lungs, but we could not make a diagnosis by usual clinical examinations including transbronchial lung biopsy. Since the patient's condition became critical, oxygen therapy, anticoagulants and antibiotics were started. In addition, corticosteroid therapy and double filtration plasmapheresis were performed since immunological disorder was suspected because of positive immunological examinations such as antinuclear antibodies and an increase in circulatory immune complexes. There was little response to the treatments and the patient finally died of respiratory failure. At autopsy, multiple tumor nodules were found throughout the lungs and the liver. Metastasis to mediastinal lymph nodes was also discovered. These findings made it impossible to confirm the primary lesion. Microscopy showed proliferation of anastomosing capillaries encasing tumor cells of unknown origin. Silver staining demonstrated capillaries encompassing the atypical cells, suggesting a vascular origin of the tumor. Furthermore, factor VIII related-antigen in the tumor cells was confirmed by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. The final diagnosis of malignant hemangioendothelioma was made from these histological findings. Malignant hemangioendothelioma is rare, but is an important cause of intractable hemoptysis.
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PMID:[A case of intractable hemoptysis due to malignant hemangioendothelioma]. 162 87

A case of glomus tumour of the trachea is reported. The patient, a 58-year-old man, complained of dyspnoea, cough and occasional haemoptysis for many years and had been misdiagnosed as having chronic bronchitis. The diagnosis of glomus tumour in a tissue sample taken by bronchoscopy was useful in planning adequate surgery. Light and electromicroscopy of the excised tumour confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. Immunohistochemical examination showed vimentin and actin in the tumour cells, and negativity for high and low molecular weight keratins, desmin, neurofilaments, and factor VIII-related antigen, findings similar to glomus tumours of other sites.
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PMID:Glomus tumour of the trachea: report of a case with microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination and review of the literature. 166 2

A man with severe von Willebrand's disease who had hemoptysis was followed-up for 2 1/2 years for continued hemoptysis and was discovered to have a bronchial carcinoma. Under close hematological surveillance, an uncomplicated pneumonectomy was performed, using a new factor VIII product--freeze-dried cryoprecipitate. This case illustrates that hemoptysis in von Willebrand's disease cannot always be attributed to the disease itself: that continued hemoptysis requires regular bronchoscopy and that major surgery can be performed in von Willebrand's disease with effective correction of the coagulation defect using freeze-dried cryoprecipitate.
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PMID:Bronchial carcinoma in von Willebrand's disease. Successful removal after hemostasis with lyophilized cryoprecipitate. 660 4

Pulmonary artery angiosarcoma is a rare entity. We report a case of an epithelioid angiosarcoma developing from the right pulmonary artery with pulmonary parenchymal invasion. The patient was a 69-year-old man who presented with massive hemoptysis and shortness of breath. Right middle and lower lobectomies were performed because of uncontrollable bleeding. An angiosarcoma was observed developing from the right pulmonary artery with contiguous spread down smaller artery branches with invasion of the pulmonary parenchyma. Although typical angiosarcomatous areas were observed, the neoplasm was dominated by cells with an epithelioid morphology. Immunohistochemically, the majority of cells stained for endothelial markers factor VIII-related antigen and CD34, but in addition, the cells with an epithelioid morphology stained intensely for cytokeratin. Knowledge of cytokeratin positivity in epithelioid vascular neoplasms is critical to avoid a misdiagnosis of carcinoma, particularly at sites where carcinoma is a much more likely diagnosis.
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PMID:Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the pulmonary artery. 759 Jul 4

It is not unusual for mild hemophilia A to escape detection into adolescent years and it is often detected following dental extractions or other mild trauma. The present report describes a patient shown to have only 8 to 9 percent factor VIII activity at age 30 years. The presentation of recurrent mild hemoptysis with upper respiratory tract infections is unusual and of interest in the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis.
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PMID:Hemoptysis as a presentation of mild hemophilia A in an adult. 813 87

Pulmonary epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (PEH) is a rare pulmonary neoplasm. A patient with PEH with lymph node and pleural metastases that were discovered incidentally is described. An abnormal left upper lobe shadow was noticed on CXR in a 70-year-old woman during an assessment for the sudden onset of nausea and vomiting. Transbronchial lung biopsy did not provide a diagnosis. Lobectomy and lymph node resection were performed. The histological diagnosis of PEH was confirmed immunohistochemically by positive reactions to factor VIII-related antigen and CD34. Data on 93 patients with PEH including the present case report were analysed by Cox regression analysis using forward stepwise method to identify the risk factors, and the independent predictors of survival in patients with PEH. It revealed that male, symptomatic patients, presence of cough, haemoptysis, chest pain, multiple unilateral nodules, pleural effusion, metastases to more than one site and lymph node metastases were all significant risk factors for PEH (P<0.05). Symptomatic patients and presence of pleural effusion were the independent predictors of survival in patients with PEH.
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PMID:Risk factors and independent predictors of survival in patients with pulmonary epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. Review of the literature and a case report. 1705 15

Pulmonary angiosarcomas are usually secondary tumors, and only a few primary cases have been reported. Effective strategies for treating this tumor have not been established, and the prognosis of affected individuals is generally very poor. We report a case of primary angiosarcoma presenting as a hemorrhagic solitary nodule at the bifurcation of the left main bronchus, followed for two years before surgery. Bronchial arteriography revealed a tumor stain sign, and racemose hemangioma of the bronchial artery was excluded. The hemoptysis was not controlled by repeated bronchial artery embolization, and the patient underwent left pneumonectomy with routine mediastinal lymph node dissection. Histopathologically, the excised tissue revealed a highly-cellular growth of atypical spindle cells with a storiform pattern. These atypical cells showed relatively low mitotic activity; the MIB-1 index was 10%. The tumor was diagnosed as a primary angiosarcoma of the lung by the following immunohistological findings: positivity for factor VIII-related antigen and CD31. One year after resection, the patient remains well without signs of recurrence.
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PMID:A case of primary angiosarcoma of the lung presenting as a hemorrhagic bronchial tumor. 2215 77

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare disease induced by autoantibodies to factor VIII (FVIII) and may be correlated with pregnancy, underlying malignancies, autoimmune diseases or drug administration. An 81-year-old man who presented with cough, expectoration, hemoptysis and multiple ecchymoses was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia by computed tomography scan. Respiratory symptoms were ameliorated after the application of antibiotics. Despite repeated infusion of fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate, his prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) maintained in the 75-110-s range and ecchymoses were not ameliorated. Then, he was transferred to the department of hematology. Based on a prolonged APTT, decreased level of FVIII and presence of antibodies against FVIII, the patient was diagnosed with AHA. Then the patient was treated with activated prothrombin complex concentrates, prednisone and intravenous immunoglobulin, resulting in a complete remission of the bleeding, recovering the FVIII level and negativity for FVIII antibody titers. Here, we investigate this novel case retrospectively and review the relevant literature.
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PMID:Acquired hemophilia A in a patient associated with community-acquired pneumonia. 2406 3