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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and two aspiration or drainage procedures were reviewed to determine the value of portable sonographic and real-time needle guidance systems. While the majority of thoracenteses or abdominal paracenteses were performed without the aid of real-time guidance, these systems were instrumental in the development of new procedures such as percutaneous cholecystostomy and in the drainage of small fluid collections in critical areas. Portable sonographic guidance was used in 32 cases, mostly for thoracentesis or abdominal paracentesis, but it had its greatest value in guiding drainage procedures at the bedside in critically ill patients. These portable drainage procedures included four cholecystostomies, one nephrostomy, drainage of two abdominal abscesses, and two empyema drainages. Complications included one case of an enterocutaneous fistula and one case of hemoptysis after thoracentesis. The failure rate was less than 7%. The use of portable real-time sonographic and needle-guidance systems has a direct impact on improving patient care.
AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986 Dec
PMID:Portable real-time sonographic and needle guidance systems for aspiration and drainage. 353 58

Plastic double-lumen endobronchial tube was used to maintain the airway in a patient with massive hemoptysis and nonresectable lung cancer. This tube is superior to the previously used Carlens tube, as it can be inserted in emergency situations and does not require surgical setting. In addition, the larger internal diameter of these tubes allows better airway clearance and passage of a flexible bronchoscope. The double-lumen tube may be considered as an alternative to selective main-stem intubation.
Chest 1987 Dec
PMID:Plastic endobronchial tubes in the management of life-threatening hemoptysis. 367 22

A 62-year-old man, previously healthy but alcoholic, and who was clinically thought to have bacterial pneumonia, presented with a pulmonary infiltrate in the right apex, and suddenly died of exsanguinating hemoptysis. Sputum cultures yielded Aspergillus niger and Candida krusei while sputum cytology revealed numerous birefringent crystals in a background of acute inflammatory exudate. Autopsy findings showed invasive aspergillosis with a large mycetoma-containing cavity in the lung that was associated with localized massive oxalosis. This case further substantiates the fact that the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in pulmonary biopsy and cytology specimens can be regarded as an important diagnostic aid in the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis due to A niger.
Arch Pathol Lab Med 1986 Dec
PMID:Pulmonary aspergillosis and the importance of oxalate crystal recognition in cytology specimens. 377 47

Fine-needle aspiration is a useful technique to identify neoplasms of many sites, such as breast, thyroid, and lung. Thirty-two mediastinum aspirates from 29 patients were reviewed. Five aspirates yielded insufficient material. Five aspirates were of benign lesions. Four aspirates were suggestive of but not diagnostic of malignancy. Eighteen aspirates contained malignant cells; in 13 of these, a definite cell type was identified, which usually was metastatic lung carcinoma; in five instances, the cell type could not be unequivocally identified. Complications were minimal, two instances of pneumothorax (6.3 percent) and two of hemoptysis (6.3 percent). No deaths or hemorrhage occurred. In 16 of the 29 patients (55 percent), thoracotomy was avoided because of fine-needle aspiration biopsy. It is concluded that fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the mediastinum is a safe, useful diagnostic tool. This procedure may obviate the need for thoracotomy in persons with inoperable cancer, thus lowering medical costs and length of hospital stay.
Am J Med 1986 Dec
PMID:Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the mediastinum. 379 29

The air crescent sign is regarded as an important diagnostic finding in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). This study examined the incidence, clinical importance, and natural history of air crescents in 25 patients with acute leukemia and IPA. Twelve (50%) of the patients had cavities (ten with an air crescent) that appeared an average of 15 days after the initial infiltrate. The diagnostic utility of the air crescent sign was relatively minor; cavities developed after the diagnosis was established in 50% of cases and after therapy was started in 75% of cases. In each case, the pneumonia improved at the time of cavitation. In six patients (50%), the cavities resolved over 2-8 months. Three patients (25%), however, experienced massive hemoptysis. Air crescent formation, previously shown to be dependent on granulocyte recovery, was associated with improved survival (67%) compared with the group without cavitation (8%). In the latter group, the pneumonia in ten (77%) of 13 patients progressed to diffuse disease. In patients with leukemia, the diagnostic value of the air crescent sign is limited by cavities that develop relatively late, as the infection improves after white blood cell recovery; cavities that do not occur in patients who remain neutropenic; and associated hemorrhage, at times life-threatening, that obscures the air crescent. The diagnosis of IPA should not await observation of air crescents in these patients.
Radiology 1985 Dec
PMID:Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and acute leukemia. Limitations in the diagnostic utility of the air crescent sign. 405 47

Seventy-five patients with hemoptysis were treated with bronchial artery embolization (BAE). The procedure was performed with Hexabrix (sodium methylglucamine ioxaglate), Mikaelson catheters, and Gelfoam particles. Angiographic evaluation of the bronchial artery anatomy revealed ten different configurations, which are described. The embolization attempt failed in three cases (4%); eight additional patients (10.7%) were excluded from the series because of inadequate data. In the remaining 64 patients, 41 underwent BAE alone and 23 underwent either chemotherapy or surgery in addition to embolization. Immediate control of hemoptysis was achieved in 49 of 64 patients (76.6%). Long-term control of hemoptysis was achieved in 46 of the 56 patients included in the long-term follow-up (82.1%). Eight of the 64 patients were lost to follow-up, which ranged from one to 47 months (mean 24.8 months). Hemoptysis recurred in 12 of 56 patients (severe in 10, mild in 2) (21.4%). Twelve patients died (21.4%), five of them due to hemoptysis (8.9%). None of the patients who died of hemoptysis had responded to initial BAE. It is concluded that BAE is an effective treatment for immediate control of life-threatening hemoptysis, allowing long-term control of bleeding in the majority of patients.
Radiology 1985 Dec
PMID:Bronchial artery embolization in the management of hemoptysis: technical aspects and long-term results. 405 52

An unusual case of recurrent hemoptysis in a 56-yr-old woman is presented. After all the usual investigations for hemoptysis, left lower lobectomy revealed medial dissection of small and medium-sized pulmonary arteries with evidence of amyloid deposition. The patient subsequently developed the clinical picture of diffuse alveolar septal amyloidosis in association with primary amyloidosis. Pulmonary artery dissection is briefly reviewed, and vascular amyloidosis is presented as the probable origin in this case.
Am Rev Respir Dis 1985 Dec
PMID:Diffuse alveolar septal amyloidosis presenting with recurrent hemoptysis and medial dissection of pulmonary arteries. 407 73

One hundred six consecutive patients with injuries to the tracheobronchial tree who were admitted to the emergency room of the Tulane Medical Center Hospital or the Charity Hospital of Louisiana at New Orleans over a period of almost 20 years were analyzed retrospectively. Penetrating trauma of the neck or chest was reported in 100 of the patients, and only 6 had blunt trauma to the neck or thorax as the cause of injury. There were 18 deaths among the 106 patients (16.98%), including 11 (13.75%) of 80 with injuries of the cervical trachea. Seven (53.8%) of 13 with principal injuries of the thoracic trachea died; all 13 patients with major bronchial injuries survived. On admission to the emergency room, all patients had signs of airway compromise such as tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, subcutaneous emphysema, or an abnormal respiratory pattern. Severe airway compromise was evident in 46 patients; 24 (23%) were treated with oral or nasal intubation, 19 (18%) with emergency tracheostomy, and 3 (2%) with intubation of a tracheal injury. Hemoptysis was an unreliable signal of serious injury, being present in only 28 of the patients. Patients who had major vascular injuries combined with trachea involvement were generally not salvageable. In regard to morbidity and mortality, the most common preventable errors were delay in diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchial injuries, missed esophageal injuries, massive aspiration of blood, and abdominal vascular injuries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ann Thorac Surg 1985 Dec
PMID:Management of airway trauma. I: Tracheobronchial injuries. 407 2

A long-term follow-up of 263 patients with pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection disclosed seven cases of mycetoma. We report the clinical manifestations of these patients. The incidence was less than that of tuberculosis. All mycetomas originated in large cavity lesions of inactive M kansasii infection. Most patients had received multiple antituberculous antibiotics, including rifampin. Five patients had died, two of underlying disease, one of invasive candidiasis following massive hemoptysis, one of surgical complication, and one of a possible invasive aspergillosis.
Arch Intern Med 1985 Dec
PMID:Pulmonary mycetoma following Mycobacterium kansasii infection. Report of seven cases. 407 30

The clinical presentation and radiographic progression of Legionnaires' disease is described in 10 renal transplant patients, the majority undergoing treatment for rejection. Presentation with pleuritic chest pain, fever, hypoxia, and hemoptysis was typical and in some cases led to confusion with pulmonary embolism. The radiographic appearance was that of rapidly progressive, dense, sublobar consolidation, occasionally showing patchy spread to other areas and usually accompanied by pleural effusion. Cavitation occurred in seven of 10 patients.
Radiology 1984 Dec
PMID:Legionnaires' disease in the renal transplant patient: clinical presentation and radiographic progression. 638 84


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