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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary bacterial pseudomycosis, also referred to as botryomycosis, is a very rare, indolent illness that has been described mostly in patients with immunological problems. The histological appearance is similar to that of actinomycosis; however, various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have been implicated in the pathogenesis. We illustrate a rapidly progressive case of pulmonary bacterial pseudomycosis in a normal host whose presenting complaint was haemoptysis.
Eur Respir J 1994 Sep
PMID:Bacterial pseudomycosis: a rare cause of haemoptysis. 799 3

A 49-year-old man was admitted because of general fatigue, cough and hematuria. During the hospital course, acute renal failure, hemoptysis and dyspnea developed. A percutaneous renal biopsy revealed a diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis, and direct immunofluorescence showed a linear pattern of IgG along the glomerular basement membrane. Although serum anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibody was not detected. Goodpasture's-like syndrome was suspected, and methylprednisolone pulse therapy and plasmapheresis were administered. Concomitantly, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was instituted because of deterioration in respiratory status due to a severe pulmonary hemorrhage despite maximal ventilatory support. Temporarily, the patient improved and ECMO was discontinued. ECMO may be a useful therapeutic support for hypoxia resulting from pulmonary hemorrhage in Goodpasture's syndrome (GPS) and Goodpasture's-like syndrome.
Intern Med 1994 Sep
PMID:Goodpasture's-like syndrome and effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support. 800 Jan 12

A 33-year-old woman received a cadaveric renal transplant for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nitrofurantoin urinary prophylaxis was started on postoperative day 13 but coughing and mild hemoptysis began 2 days later. Diffuse infiltrates and worsening hemoptysis led to intubation and open lung biopsy. Clinical course, culture results and pathological evaluation excluded infectious etiologies and were consistent with a drug reaction. The case is described, and the literature on the nitrofurantoin pulmonary toxicity syndromes and pathophysiology is reviewed.
J Urol 1994 Sep
PMID:Nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in a renal transplant recipient receiving immunosuppressive therapy: case report and review of the literature. 777 31

End-stage liver disease is associated with systemic changes involving many organs. Several pulmonary, tracheal, bronchial, and pleural abnormalities have been described. In this report we describe the first case of hemoptysis secondary to bronchial and lower tracheal varices in a patient with end-stage alcoholic liver disease and portal hypertension, and explore the relationship between tracheobronchial varices and portal hypertension.
Am J Gastroenterol 1994 Sep
PMID:Hemoptysis secondary to bronchial varices associated with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. 807 40

We report the case of a 29-year-old woman who died of massive hemoptysis due to hemorrhage from an intralobar pulmonary sequestration into the tracheobronchial tree. The sequestration had been diagnosed in childhood but had been managed nonoperatively. This case emphasizes the need for early surgical treatment of pulmonary sequestration.
Chest 1994 Sep
PMID:Fatal massive hemoptysis secondary to intralobar sequestration. 808 88

We present the pulmonary findings in 36 autopsies of children affected by the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Twenty-three patients were male and 13 were female, ranging in age between 3 days and 13 years. Twenty children had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive parents or parents who were at high risk of exposure (intravenous drug abusers and prostitutes), five had a history of transfusion, and one had a history of renal transplantation and blood transfusion. Clinically, the patients presented with recurrent infections, failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, cough, and/or hemoptysis. Histologically, specific infectious processes were the most common finding (75% of cases), with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia being the most prevalent type of infection, followed by bacterial pneumonia. Neoplastic conditions and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia were less frequent (approximately 10% of cases). In addition, in approximately 10% of the cases the pulmonary findings were non-specific (ie, pulmonary edema and atelectasis) and probably unrelated to HIV infection. Our findings suggest that specific infectious conditions constitute the most common type of pulmonary pathology in children with AIDS. However, because there is a small percentage of children with nonspecific findings, a transbronchial biopsy is important for proper evaluation before institution of therapy.
Hum Pathol 1994 Sep
PMID:The spectrum of pathological changes in the lung in children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: an autopsy study of 36 cases. 808 62

Traumatic asphyxia is a commonly used designation of a syndrome related to severe compressive trauma to the thorax. It is characterized by cranial cyanosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, vascular engorgement of the head, mucosal petechiae, hemoptysis, esophageal and rectal hemorrhage, hematuria, and varying degrees of cerebral dysfunction. By 1985 approximately 210 cases had been reported world-wide. We present an illustrative case in a 24-year-old man.
Harefuah 1993 Sep
PMID:[Traumatic asphyxia]. 822 93

Eight patients with acute leukemia (AL) and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) developing during previous antileukemic therapy underwent BMT (autologous in 6 cases and allogeneic 2). IPA was treated prior to BMT with full doses of amphotericin B, associated with surgical resection in three cases. One patient was treated with amphotericin B and itraconazole. Prior to BMT, seven patients had minimal residual pulmonary lesions. All patients received amphotericin B (0.5 mg/kg/day) during the aplastic period prior to engraftment. One patient died of Gram-negative septic shock before engraftment. Seven patients achieved complete hematological engraftment without any evidence of IPA reactivation. Amphotericin B was well tolerated with only minimal transient renal dysfunction in three patients. Later pulmonary complications related to IPA were observed in only one patient who developed a self-limited episode of hemoptysis. One patient died of CMV pneumonitis and two of leukemia relapse. Four patients survive disease-free and without complications related to IPA. We conclude that the reactivation of correctly treated IPA can be successfully prevented in BMT patients by use of prophylactic amphotericin B. With this approach, prior IPA is not a contraindication to BMT.
Bone Marrow Transplant 1993 Sep
PMID:Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis prior to BMT in acute leukemia patients does not predict a poor outcome. 824 83

From a series of 95 patients biopsied for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, twelve patients were identified with anti-glomerular basement membrane-mediated renal disease who were also tested for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA). Six patients had both anti-glomerular basement membrane and ANCA antibodies. Three of the latter six patients had significant extrarenal disease, including severe hemoptysis, while the remaining three patients had only renal disease. The three patients with extrarenal disease had either a myeloperoxidase-positive perinuclear-ANCA (two patients) or a proteinase-3-positive cytoplasmic-ANCA (one patient). Two patients with renal disease alone had a myeloperoxidase-negative and proteinase-3-negative perinuclear-ANCA, and one patient had a proteinase-positive cytoplasmic-ANCA. Renal biopsy in all six patients showed a severe necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis involving 94 to 100% of glomeruli. Renal arteritis was also noted in one perinuclear-ANCA patient. Despite aggressive therapy with steroids, cyclophosphamide, and plasma exchange, two of the six double-antibody patients died and four are on dialysis. We conclude that ANCA is commonly present in anti-glomerular basement membrane-associated disease and believe that this observation may have implications in the serologic evaluation of ANCA- and anti-glomerular basement membrane-positive patients.
Mod Pathol 1993 Sep
PMID:Coexistent anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody and antiglomerular basement membrane antibody associated disease = report of six cases. 824 8

An 84-year-old woman was admitted because of fever, hemoptysis and productive cough with infiltrative shadows in the right lung field on chest X-ray. Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed on the basis of her clinical and radiographic features, positive cultures and positive serological tests. Conventional chemotherapy with fluconazole and 5-FC produced only minimal improvement. A course of itraconazole was initiated and proved to be effective.
Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1993 Sep
PMID:[A case of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis treated with itraconazole]. 825 32


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