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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of haemoptysis from a leaking false aneurysm associated with a Dacron patch used to repair coarctation of the aorta twelve years earlier in a 17-year-old girl. This case illustrates a late and potentially fatal complication of this type of operation after a long period of apparent normality. It emphasises the need for informed follow-up and appropriate correctly timed investigations.
Int J Cardiol 1991 Sep
PMID:Haemoptysis from false aneurysm: near fatal complication of repair of coarctation of the aorta using a Dacron patch. 183 42

Bronchiectasis is important because (1) it predisposes the patient to infection; (2) it may be accompanied by increased bronchial blood flow and hemoptysis; (3) when widespread, it may be associated with significant airway obstruction; and (4) when focal, it may simulate neoplasms and other diseases. The widespread use of computed tomography (CT) for evaluation of lung diseases has revealed that bronchiectasis is common--even in patients who do not have clinical or plain radiographic suspicion of bronchiectasis. The pathology, pathogenesis, and radiographic findings are presented herein.
Radiol Clin North Am 1991 Sep
PMID:Bronchiectasis. 187 Dec 53

Diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage is a syndrome consisting of hemoptysis, anemia, and air-space consolidation. The radiologic appearance is non-specific. Pulmonary hemorrhage may be due to a number of different causes. The differential diagnosis and the diagnostic approach are different in the immunologically intact host as compared with the immunocompromised host. This article reviews the main diagnostic considerations in diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage.
Radiol Clin North Am 1991 Sep
PMID:Diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage. 187 Dec 64

Failures and complications were analyzed retrospectively in 45 patients treated with embolotherapy or occlusion of pulmonary arterial circulation. Pulmonary arterial branches were occluded with steel coils in 19 patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, 17 with hemoptysis of pulmonary artery (PA) origin, and one with massive parenchymal shunt. Bronchial arterial supply to the lung was embolized with small particles in eight cases of hemoptysis and systemic to pulmonary arterial antegrade shunt secondary to chronic thromboembolism. Asymptomatic incidents included catheterization failures, vascular damage, partial occlusion, partial recanalization of the thrombus, ectopic deposition of a coil, and delayed bacterial contamination of the thrombus. A few cases of transient clinical and radiologic signs of pulmonary infarction were observed after complete occlusion of the PA and bronchial artery embolization. This complication was never observed after complete occlusion of main right or left PA, inferior right or left PA, or segmental branches. The management and prevention of these complications, the role of bronchial arterial collateral pathways, and the importance of the site of PA occlusion in the development of pulmonary infarction are discussed.
Radiology 1991 Sep
PMID:Transcatheter occlusion of pulmonary arterial circulation and collateral supply: failures, incidents, and complications. 153 72

The history, physical examination, chest radiograph, electrocardiogram and blood gases were evaluated in patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and no history or evidence of pre-existing cardiac or pulmonary disease. The investigation focused upon patients with no previous cardiac or pulmonary disease in order to evaluate the clinical characteristics that were due only to PE. Acute PE was present in 117 patients and PE was excluded in 248 patients. Among the patients with PE, dyspnea or tachypnea (greater than or equal to 20/min) was present in 105 of 117 (90 percent). Dyspnea, hemoptysis, or pleuritic pain was present in 107 of 117 (91 percent). The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood on room air was less than 80 mm Hg in 65 of 88 (74 percent). The alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient was greater than 20 mm Hg in 76 of 88 (86 percent). The chest radiograph was abnormal in 98 of 117 (84 percent). Atelectasis and/or pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities were most common, 79 of 117 (68 percent). Nonspecific ST segment or T wave change was the most common electrocardiographic abnormality, in 44 of 89 (49 percent). Dyspnea, tachypnea, or signs of deep venous thrombosis was present in 107 of 117 (91 percent). Dyspnea or tachypnea or pleuritic pain was present in 113 of 117 (97 percent). Dyspnea or tachypnea or pleuritic pain was present in 113 of 117 (97 percent). Dyspnea or tachypnea or pleuritic pain or atelectasis or a parenchymal abnormality on the chest radiograph was present in 115 of 117 (98 percent). In conclusion, among the patients with pulmonary embolism that were identified, only a small percentage did not have these important manifestations or combinations of manifestations. Clinical evaluation, though nonspecific, is of considerable value in the selection of patients in whom there is a need for further diagnostic studies.
Chest 1991 Sep
PMID:Clinical, laboratory, roentgenographic, and electrocardiographic findings in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and no pre-existing cardiac or pulmonary disease. 841 19

Double-lumen endotracheal tubes have revolutionized the anesthetic management of patients undergoing thoracic surgery. As experience with the techniques of DLT placement and monitoring progress, an increasing number of uses in the intensive care unit will evolve. Benefit from differential lung ventilation in patients with respiratory failure from unilateral lung diseases and bronchopleural fistulae has been documented in selected instances. Isolation of the lungs to prevent contralateral spread of hemoptysis is occasionally of assistance. Frequent monitoring of DLT position while understanding the physiology of differential lung ventilation will minimize complications with these tubes.
Clin Chest Med 1991 Sep
PMID:Double-lumen endotracheal tubes. 193 51

The diagnosis of left hemitruncus and large patent ductus arteriosus was made by magnetic resonance imaging in an adult patient with recurrent haemoptysis and dyspnoea on exertion. Previous cardiac catheterization and echocardiography failed to establish the complete diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging using spin-echo and gradient-echo pulse sequences is a useful imaging modality to evaluate anatomical and functional abnormalities in patients with complex congenital heart disease.
Eur Heart J 1991 Sep
PMID:Left hemitruncus in adulthood: diagnostic role of magnetic resonance imaging. 164 72

Forty-four patients with massive or repeated hemoptysis due to nonneoplastic lung diseases were treated by embolization of the bronchial and non-bronchial systemic arteries with Ivalon particles or a mixture of Ivalon and gelatin sponge particles during the past five and a half years. Immediate control of hemoptysis was achieved in 43 patients (98%), and no spinal cord ischemia was observed. Among 30 patients followed for more than 12 months, successful control of hemoptysis was obtained in 22 (73%). Hemoptysis recurred in eight patients (27%); four underwent repeated embolotherapy alone, two underwent surgery alone, and two underwent repeated embolization and surgery. Successful control of hemoptysis was achieved after repeated embolization and/or surgery in all eight patients. It is concluded that embolization of bronchial and non-bronchial systemic arteries is an effective initial treatment for hemoptysis, and good long-term results can be obtained in combination with surgery.
Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi 1991 Sep 25
PMID:[Bronchial and non-bronchial systemic artery embolization for hemoptysis due to non-neoplastic lung diseases. Immediate effect and long-term results]. 194 83

The first Nd-YAG laser treatment for endoluminal airway obstruction in Norway was performed at Aker Hospital in November 1983. During the ensuing seven years 68 patients have been treated, involving altogether 172 procedures. During the early years a flexible bronchoscope was used to guide the flexible laser probe, in later years the usual practice has been to use the rigid bronchoscope, 54 patients were treated for malignant tumour, three for semi-malignant and 11 for benign tumour. In general, the best results were achieved with a proximal location of the tumour. Two patients died during the procedure from hypoxia, and one patient died from hemoptysis on the fifth day after operation. Based on retrospective studies of the clinical journal and the results from postmortem examination of 97 consecutive patients who died from pulmonary carcinoma, we anticipated that six of these patients would have benefited from laser treatment on at least one occasion during their disease. In Norway, with an incidence of approximately 400 cases of pulmonary carcinomas each year per million inhabitants, we estimate the need of lung laser procedures to be 25 per million each year.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1991 Sep 20
PMID:[Tracheobronchial tumors treated with laser. 7-year experiences at Aker hospital]. 194 67

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is an unusual disease of obscure causation characterized by cartilaginous or bony outgrowths into the lumen of the tracheobronchial tree. Our retrospective review of 15 patients, 8 of whom were women, revealed a mean age of 63.5 years. The most common symptoms were cough (66%), hemoptysis (60%), dyspnea on exertion (53%), and wheeze (30%). Thirteen percent of the patients were asymptomatic. Chest radiography was not helpful in the diagnosis. Tracheal tomography revealed typical beaded intraluminal calcification in 4 of the 12 patients tested. Mirror laryngoscopy initially revealed the abnormalities in 30% of the patients, and bronchoscopy confirmed the diagnosis and determined the extent of the disease in all patients. Even though upper airway involvement has been thought to be uncommon, 40% of our patients demonstrated abnormalities of the larynx and upper trachea. Histologic confirmation of heterotopic bone formation was obtained in 60% of the patients. Pulmonary function tests showed mild obstructive lung disease. There were no deaths directly attributable to the disease. Treatments attempted included cryotherapy, laser excision, external beam irradiation, and bronchoscopic removal of the obstructing lesions.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990 Sep
PMID:Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. 211 45


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