Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There are several reports of beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors in both primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension. However the effect of ACE inhibitors in mitral stenosis is not documented. The authors report three patients with severe mitral stenosis in whom surgery was delayed. They had initial symptomatic improvement with diuretics and sodium restriction, but had recurrence of their symptoms while on treatment. Enalapril not only relieved their symptoms in particular exertional dyspnoea and haemoptysis but prevented recurrence and improved their effort tolerance without causing excessive fall of blood pressure or impairment of renal function.
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PMID:Beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors in severe mitral stenosis. 256 42

A 32-year-old woman with a history of dilation and curettage for missed abortion at 31 years old had sudden hemoptysis during menstruation on May 25, 1993. She had catamenial hemoptysis again, and was admitted to our hospital on July 21, 1993. After admission, catamenial hemoptysis occurred, and a nodular shadow was noted in the right S4 area on chest roentgenogram and computed tomogram. A few days after menstruation, hemoptysis and the abnormal shadow on chest roentgenogram disappeared. Pulmonary endometriosis was diagnosed by clinical course, past history, and chest roentgenographic findings. During the next menstruation, hemoptysis and a nodular shadow in the right S4 area on chest roentgenogram recurred, so transbronchial lung biopsy and laparoscopy were done. TBLB specimens revealed macrophages with phagocytosed hemosiderin, and laparoscopy revealed pelvic endometriosis. She was treated with buserelin acetate. Catamenial hemoptysis and the nodular shadow on the chest roentgenogram disappeared after treatment.
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PMID:[Pulmonary endometriosis with recurrent catamenial hemoptysis]. 747 72

A 26-year-old single female was admitted to hospital with recurrent chest pain, cough and hemoptysis. The symptoms developed 5 months before admission coinciding with menstruation. The disease was diagnosed as pulmonary endometriosis. She was treated with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH agonist; sustained-release leuprolide acetate, 3.75 mg/month, i.m.) for 6 months. She remained asymptomatic for 16 months with regular menstruation even after discontinuing the treatment. This indicates that the initial treatment of pulmonary endometriosis with a GnRH agonist is an acceptable medical alternative, especially in patients with a short duration of the disease from the onset of the chest symptoms.
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PMID:Successful use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in a patient with pulmonary endometriosis. 1057 42

The randomized clinical trial, LU19, conducted by the Medical Research Council Lung Cancer Working Party, was designed to compare ACE (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide) chemotherapy plus G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) at 2-week intervals versus ACE chemotherapy alone at standard 3-week intervals in patients with small-cell lung cancer. This trial investigated whether more intensive administration of ACE would improve overall survival and affect the quality of life of patients. The report on overall survival and other outcome measures will be published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. In this paper we focus on methods of analysing aspects of data reflecting quality of life. Twelve symptoms of lung cancer and its treatment - cough, haemoptysis, pain, nausea, vomiting, hoarse voice, sore mouth, rash, lethargy, lack of appetite, alopecia, and dysphagia - were scheduled to be assessed on seven occasions for the ACE arm and on eight occasions for the ACE+G-CSF arm by clinicians during the first 18 weeks of the treatment period. However, in practice the number of assessment forms completed per patient ranged from 1 to 9, and assessment time-points were very different from those planned. These 'messy' longitudinal data are explored by both a summary measure approach, in which experience of a symptom is summarized by a single value, and an extensive model-based statistical approach, which explicitly takes into account correlation within repeated measures. These analyses provide a clear picture of symptom comparisons between the two treatments. The application of various methods offers not only an approach to assessing the robustness of the results but also a basis for investigating reasons for inconsistency of results across methods. We conclude that except lethargy, which is worse in the ACE+G-CSF arm, all symptoms are similar across the two arms during the treatment period.
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PMID:Analysis of messy longitudinal data from a randomized clinical trial. MRC Lung Cancer Working Party. 1098 40

The various types of glomerulonephritis, including many forms of vasculitis, are responsible for about 15% of cases of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Arterial hypertension represents a frequent finding in patients suffering from glomerulonephritis or vasculitis and hypertension also serves as an indicator for these severe types of diseases. In addition, there are symptoms and signs like hematuria, proteinuria and renal failure. Especially, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) constitutes a medical emergency and must not be missed by treating physicians. This disease can either occur limited to the kidneys or in the context of a systemic inflammatory disorder, like a vasculitis. If left untreated, RPGN can lead to a necrotizing destruction of glomeruli causing irreversible kidney damage within several months or even weeks. With respect to the immunologically caused vasculitis, there are - depending upon the severity and type of organ involved - many clinical warning signs to be recognized, such as arterial hypertension, hemoptysis, arthalgias, muscle pain, palpable purpura, hematuria, proteinuria and renal failure. In addition, constitutional signs, such as fever and loss of body weight may occur concurrently. Investigations of glomerulonephritis or vasculitis must contain a careful and complete examination of family history and medications used by the respective patient. Thereafter, a thorough clinical examination must follow, including skin, joints and measurement of arterial blood pressure. In addition, a spectrum of laboratory analyses is required in blood, such as full blood screen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, creatinine, urea and glucose, and in urine, including urinalysis looking for hematuria, red cell casts and proteinuria. Importantly, proteinuria needs to be quantified by the utilization of a random urine sample. Proteinuria > 3g/d is diagnostic for a glomerular damage. These basic tests are usually followed by more specialized analyses, such as a screening for infections, including search for HIV, hepatitis B or C and various bacteria, and for systemic inflammatory diseases, including tests for antibodies, such as ANA, anti-dsDNA, ANCA, anti-GBM and anti-CCP. In cases of membranous nephropathy, antibodies against phospholipase-A2-receptor need to be looked for. Depending upon the given clinical circumstances and the type of disease, a reasonable tumor screening must be performed, especially in cases of membranous and minimal-change nephropathy. Finally, radiological examinations will complete the initial work-up. In most cases, at least an ultrasound of the kidney is mandatory. Thereafter, in most cases a renal biopsy is required to establish a firm diagnosis to define all treatment options and their chance of success. The elimination of a specific cause for a given glomerulonephritis or vasculitis, such as an infection, a malignancy or a drug-related side-effect, remains the key principle in the management of these diseases. ACE-inhibitors, angiotensin receptor-blockers, aldosteron antagonists and renin-inhibitors remain the mainstay in the therapy of arterial hypertension with proteinuria. Only in cases of persistently high proteinuria, ACE-inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can be prescribed in combination. Certain types of glomerulonephritis and essentially all forms of vasculitis require some form of more specific anti-inflammatory therapy. Respective immunosuppressive drug regimens contain traditionally medications, such as glucocorticoids (e. g. prednisone), cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine. With respect to more severe forms of glomerulonephritis and vasculitis, the antibody rituximab represents a new and less toxic alternative to cyclophosphamide. Finally, in certain special cases, like Goodpasture's syndrome or severe ANCA-positive vasculitis, a plasma exchange will be useful and even required.
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PMID:[Glomerulonephritis and vasculitis as causes of arterial hypertension]. 2254 60

Bronchopulmonary endometriosis is a rare clinical entity of thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES). The diagnosis is often delayed because of high index of clinical suspicion is needed. We submit a case of 32-year-old healthy woman presenting with recurrent non-massive hemoptysis with the onset of menses for six months. Computed tomography scans of the chest revealed ill-defined ground glass opacity in superior segment of right lower lobe. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed during the menstruation showed diffuse erythema along distal trachea through lobar bronchus. These findings disappeared when repeated at the end of menstrual cycle. Cytologic findings of bronchial wash suggested the evidence of old hemorrhage and the endometrial cells. After treatment with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, hemoptysis did not occur for 12 months of follow-up. Based on clinical features and response to treatment, bronchopulmonay endometriosis was diagnosed.
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PMID:A Woman with Recurrent Hemoptysis, a Rare Etiology. 2621 67