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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most frequent chest X-ray finding of descending thoracic aortic aneurysm is an enlargement of medial mediastinum. Haemoptysis caused by thoracic aortic aneurysm is rare and, normally, when it occurs, it is due to an aorto-bronchopulmonary fistula. We report the case of an 88 year-old male, heavy smoker with arterial hypertension, who had been operated on for abdominal aneurysm five years before, whose unique symptom was scant haemoptysis and radiologically presented a cavity mass in the upper left lobe. Autopsy revealed that the pulmonary cavity mass was due to a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1999 Apr
PMID:Thoracic aortic aneurysm: a new etiology of pulmonary cavity. 1035 Jan 19

The management of pulmonary aspergilloma is still a topic of discussion. Demonstrating several cases of pulmonary aspergilloma, their clinical course and their follow-up, we try to contribute some arguments for the preference of an early operation. Between 1992 and 1998, 18 patients underwent thoracotomy for treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma. The most common indication for operation were hemoptysis [6] and indeterminate mass [6]. Lobectomy was the most frequent operation [11]. Underlying diseases were bronchiectasis [10], tuberculosis [3], carcinoma [2], blebs [2], and epitheloid granuloma. Two patients had postoperative complications, another three died later in the clinical course because of liver failure, septicemia, and persisting air leakage and sepsis. We recommend early resection of symptomatic, cavitating aspergilloma in the simple form and even with an inflammatory reaction of the surrounding tissue. Especially low-risk patients profit highly from an early operation. High-risk patients should be operated on only in cases of life-threatening complications.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999 Oct
PMID:Pulmonary aspergilloma - clinical findings and surgical treatment. 1059 66

The case of a 52-year-old man with severe coronary atheroma/ischaemic heart disease, who underwent successful triple vessel coronary artery bypass grafting is described. One month later this was complicated by aortic dissection arising at the aortic cannulation site. An emergency resection and Dacron graft placement were performed. Five weeks later he represented with haemoptysis. Despite inconclusive investigations the patient went on to suffer a massive fatal haemoptysis. Autopsy revealed Candida infection of the graft with a secondary aortobronchial fistula.
Cardiovasc Surg 2000 Jan
PMID:Fatal fungal infection complicating aortic dissection following coronary artery bypass grafting. 1066 9

We report a case of aorto-bronchial fistula after implantation of a self-expanding stent into the left main bronchus compressed by a dissected descending aorta. A 66-year-old female, who underwent Stanford type-B aortic dissection two years previously, was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of a newly developed false lumen that originated from the ascending aorta and extended to the aortic bifurcation. She was unable to be weaned from the respirator after the graft replacement of the ascending aorta. Fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination revealed complete obstruction of the left main bronchus by extrinsic compression. A self-expanding nitinol stent was implanted in the left main bronchus five days after the operation. Her respiratory condition improved remarkably, allowing her to be successfully weaned from the respirator. Her clinical course was uneventful until she suddenly died from massive hemoptysis 20 days after stent implantation. A communication of 5 mm in diameter between the dissected descending aorta and the left main bronchus was seen at autopsy. Permanent application of a self-expanding nitinol stent to relieve extrinsic compression of a left main bronchus by a dissected descending aorta is not recommended because pressure necrosis might lead to fatal aorto-bronchial fistula.
Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000 Jan
PMID:Aorto-bronchial fistula after implantation of a self-expanding bronchial stent in a patient with aortic dissection. 1071 25

Mycotic aneurysms of the subclavian artery are rare. This report describes an experience of 2 rare cases in which transcatheter embolization with metallic coils was performed for the management of these lesions alternative to surgery. Two patients who had been treated with chemotherapy for malignant neoplasms were diagnosed as having mycotic aneurysms of the left subclavian artery. The causes of these lesions were presumed to be the invasion of the arterial wall by the pulmonary abscess in case 1, and wound infection after placement of the reservoir for intraarterial chemotherapy in case 2. In both cases, proximal and distal sites of the aneurysm were embolized with metallic coils. In case 1, the vertebral artery was also embolized with Guglielmi detachable coils to avoid retrograde blood flow. Both aneurysms were completely occluded by a single embolization. In case 1, although weakness and paresthesia of the left hand remained, lethal hemoptysis due to aneurysmal fistulization to the lung parenchyma ceased. In case 2, no neurological deficit except for mild paresthesia in the left thumb had been observed. Both patients died of primary disease 10 and 5 months after the procedure. Transcatheter embolization is technically feasible and effective enough to treat the mycotic aneurysm of the subclavian artery even in the situation in which the surgical option seems to be difficult or risky.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2000 Jun
PMID:Transcatheter embolization of mycotic aneurysm of the subclavian artery with metallic coils. 1095 42

A 44-year-old woman with recurrent pulmonary infections developed severe hemoptysis. Chest radiography revealed a hypoplastic right lung. Absence of the right pulmonary artery, a very rare congenital anomaly, was demonstrated by computed tomography and cardiac catheterization. Severe pulmonary hypertension in the contralateral lung precluded right pneumonectomy but percutaneous embolization of a large systemic arterial collateral to the right lung provided palliative relief of hemoptysis.
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2000 Dec
PMID:Congenital agenesis of the right pulmonary artery. 1110 81

We encountered seven cases of pulmonary paragonimiasis. All patients were adult males and 6 of 7 cases were over 50-year-old. Except for one case of chronic pleural empyema, 6 patients were referred to the department of surgery because of having a mass lesion on chest roentgenography which was indistinguishable from malignancy. Although 3 patients had mild hemoptysis, none of them showed classical rusty sputum. Only one patient had high level of eosinophilia, whereas others showed normal or marginal level of eosinophilia. Paragonimus eggs were detected in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens from 4 patients. All patients' sera were positive for Paragonimus-specific IgG antibody by immunodiagnosis. Surgical option was undergone only for one patient with chronic pleural empyema which was not cured by repeated chemotherapy. In the present series, we could avoid surgical options due to an erroneous diagnosis. When a pulmonary mass lesion or empyema is detected in patients who live in paragonimiasis endemic areas, paragonimiasis should always be included in the different diagnosis of lung diseases.
Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000 Oct
PMID:Pulmonary paragonimiasis referred to the department of surgery. 1117 34

Hydatid involvement of the aorta is extremely uncommon. We present a case where a hydatid cyst of the lung eroded into the thoracic aorta, causing massive hemoptysis. Successful repair was performed by resection (including left lower lobectomy) and graft interposition.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2001 Aug
PMID:Hydatid cyst fistula into the aorta presenting with massive hemoptysis. Case report and literature review. 1145 98

A 38-year-old man presented with massive hemoptysis followed by hemorrhage shock. The patient's history revealed a Dacron patch repair for aortic coarctation and recoarctation carried out twice, once 23 and once 10 years ago. Diagnosis of a ruptured descending aortic aneurysm with an aortobronchial fistula into the left lower lobe was established using CT scan. Emergency surgery consisted of left pneumonectomy and descending aortic graft replacement during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The patient was discharged 12 days later.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001 Oct
PMID:Near-fatal hemoptysis and emergency surgical repair after aortic patch-plasty. 1160 45

Right atrial isomerism is well known to be associated with anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and a potentially dangerous sequel to pulmonary venous obstruction, and is associated with high mortality. We report a 16-month-old girl with pulmonary venous obstruction requiring lobectomy for hemoptysis after a Glenn operation. Two years after surgery, she is doing well with 80% oxygen saturation and no further episodes of hemoptysis.
Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001 Oct
PMID:Pulmonary venous obstruction requiring lobectomy for hemoptysis after a Glenn operation. 1169 91


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