Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-two cases of bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumor diagnosed in Iceland in the 30-year period 1955-1984 were analyzed. Carcinoid comprised 2% of all primary lung tumors registered in that period. The crude incidence was 0.36 cases/100,000 population/year. The patients' mean age was 48 years and 68% were female. The most common presenting symptom was recurrent pneumonia; only three patients had hemoptysis. One patient had carcinoid syndrome. Two of the 22 tumors were peripheral. Tumor size was 0.8-9 cm, mean 2.8 cm. Of the resectable bronchial tumors, 80% had invaded the pulmonary parenchyma and 18% had metastasized to lymph nodes. Four carcinoid tumors were atypical and showed more malignant behavior. One of them was originally diagnosed as oat-cell carcinoma. Sixteen patients with resectable carcinoid tumor were alive 3 1/2 to 29 years after removal of the tumor.
Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989
PMID:Bronchopulmonary carcinoids in Iceland 1955-1984. A retrospective clinical and histopathologic study. 261 47

A 44-year-old man presented with massive hemoptysis. Bronchoscopy followed by surgical exploration revealed a left ventriculo-bronchial fistula related to previous ventricular surgery. Repair was successful.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)
PMID:Ventriculo-bronchial fistula: a rare cause of intermittent massive hemoptysis. 274 22

A 90-year-old patient was admitted to our clinic after two weeks of dangerously increasing hemoptysis. Bronchoscopy showed the segment bronchi of the right lower lobe to be subtotally occluded by a tumour. A biopsy was not taken because of simultaneous bleeding. After weighing the risks, surgery was decided on despite the advanced age of the patient. The centralized position of the tumour necessitated a bilobectomy. Histology showed a small-cell bronchial carcinoma T2N1M0. After initial secretion retention and mild transitional syndrome, the postoperative course was uncomplicated. Four weeks after surgery, the patient could be transferred to his local hospital where he was discharged home after a further two months. There was no reappearance of hemoptysis. At the last check-up, one year postoperatively, there was no tumour recurrence. The patient lives alone in his flat as prior to surgery. This case shows that, in individual patients, larger pulmonary resections are also possible and justified in the tenth decade of life.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989 Jun
PMID:Bilobectomy in a 90-year-old patient. 276 79

Within a 12-year period ending in March 1984, 1109 patients with penetrating thoracic injuries were treated at King-Drew Medical Center located in south central Los Angeles. The average age of the patients was 28.1 years. There were 607 stab wounds and 502 gunshot wounds. Antibiotic prophylaxis was prescribed only for the 428 patients who had laparotomy, thoracotomy, and pulmonary contusion with hemoptysis. Of the 1109 patients, 105 had cardiac injuries. All patients with cardiac trauma underwent thoracotomy, and the mortality rate was 18.1%. Specifically, the mortality rate of gunshot wound of the heart 24.5% and that of stab wound of the heart, 11.5%. In contrast, of the 1004 patients without cardiac injuries, only 115 required thoracotomy and the mortality rate in this group was 0.8% (8/1004). The mortality rate was 69.6% in patients who had a thoracotomy in the emergency room but only 2.8% in patients who had a thoracotomy in the operating room within the first 24 hours after admission. In the 242 patients who had associated abdominal injuries, the mortality rate was 2.1% (5/242), as compared with 2.5% (22/867) for those who had isolated chest injuries. In the entire group, the incidence of complications was 5.1%, of which 1.8% were infectious complications. The presence of associated abdominal injuries did not influence the outcome. The mortality rate in noncardiac thoracic injuries is very low compared with that of cardiac injury. Because of the complexity of the injury, gunshot wound of the heart has the highest mortality rate.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989 Jan
PMID:Unusually low mortality of penetrating wounds of the chest. Twelve years' experience. 291 Nov 88

Pulmonary aspergilloma and pleural aspergillosis are a potentially lifethreatening disease resulting from the colonization of lung or pleural cavities by the ubiquitous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Twenty four patients with pulmonary aspergilloma and five with pleural aspergillosis underwent major thoracic procedures at our hospital between 1976 and 1986. Fourteen of the patients had haemoptysis, in 9 it was recurrent, and in 5 life-threatening. Tuberculosis, pneumonia, and sarcoidosis were the most common preexisting lung lesions. Surgical procedures included 7 pleuropneumonectomies, 18 lobectomies and 4 wedge resections. The postoperative mortality rate was approximately 7% (2 pat.). Based on the pathological examination 4 patients had unexpectedly a bronchial carcinoma in addition to the aspergilloma. Bronchopleural fistula with persistent air space was a serious complication only for patients after pleuropneumonectomy. 23 patients including those with complex aspergilloma and pleural infection had no postoperative complications; in none of the 27 operative survivors were there any recurrent symptoms over a follow-up between one and ten years. Good-risk patients with documented aspergilloma, even asymptomatic, should be resected, because of the danger of exsanginating haemorrhage. For patients with pleural aspergillosis only the aggressive resection can provide effective long term palliation.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1988 Dec
PMID:Surgery for pulmonary aspergilloma and pleural aspergillosis. 306 29

Between 1953 and 1984, 53 patients (40 male and 13 female) underwent thoracotomy for treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma. The median age was 58 years (range 4 to 86 years). Either underlying lung disease or immunologic risk factors were present in 49 patients (92%). Twenty-one patients (31%) had simple aspergilloma and 32 (47%) had complex aspergilloma. The most common indication for operation was an indeterminate mass, hemoptysis, or severe cough. Lobectomy, wedge excision, and pneumonectomy were the most frequent operations. Complications occurred in 78% of patients with complex aspergilloma and in 33% of patients with simple aspergilloma (p = 0.002). Operative mortality was 5% (one death) in patients with simple aspergilloma and 34% (11 deaths) in patients with complex aspergilloma (p = 0.01). Cause of death was respiratory failure in four patients, underlying pulmonary disease in three, aspergillosis in two, and other conditions in three. At follow-up, 84% of operative survivors with simple aspergilloma were alive and well compared with 43% of those with complex aspergilloma. Although operative mortality in patients with complex aspergilloma was high, 67% of the survivors had a good long-term result in terms of absence of symptoms, but they frequently died of underlying disease. In contrast, operation in patients with simple aspergilloma was done with low risk, and approximately 90% of survivors had a good late result. Late appearance of contralateral disease did occur and argues for rigorous postoperative surveillance.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1986 Dec
PMID:Pulmonary aspergilloma. Results of surgical treatment. 309 24

Bronchial artery embolization has become an established technique in the management of massive or recurrent hemoptysis. The clinical background, methods, and results of this procedure are discussed, as are the potential complications and their prevention.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 1988 Oct
PMID:Bronchial artery embolization to control hemoptysis: a review. 314 38

Percutaneous embolization of the bronchial arteries to control massive or recurrent hemoptysis has become an accepted procedure, especially in treating patients with chronic pulmonary disease who are poor candidates for lung resection. Nonbronchial systemic collateral arteries and pulmonary arteries may contribute significantly to pulmonary hemorrhage, but embolization of these vessels has not been stressed in recent literature. When embolization of the bronchial artery fails to control hemoptysis, nonbronchial systemic collateral arteries should be embolized. If no systemic collaterals are present, then embolization of segmental pulmonary arteries may prove helpful.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 1988 Oct
PMID:Percutaneous embolotherapy in life-threatening hemoptysis. 314 39

Recent reports of military thoracic injuries have advocated early thoracotomy and aggressive management of pulmonary injuries with resection as opposed to the more conservative and traditional treatment with chest tube thoracostomy. A retrospective study was therefore performed to determine the incidence of thoracotomy and lung resection in civilian injuries and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of these injuries. Between 1973 and 1985, in a series of 1,168 patients, there were 384 gunshot wounds and 784 stab wounds to the thorax. Two hundred eighty-three patients with a gunshot wound (74%) and 602 with a stab wound (77%) were treated with chest tubes alone. Sixty-eight patients (6% of the total) required operative repair of pulmonary hilar or parenchymal injury. Pulmonary resection was necessary in only 18 patients (nine with a gunshot wound and nine with a stab wound), and 10 patients had repair of hilar injuries (nine with a gunshot wound and one with a stab wound). Of patients requiring pulmonary resection, nine required wedge or segmental resection, six required lobectomy, and three patients required pneumonectomy. Mortality for all thoracic injuries was 2.3%: for those treated with chest tube alone, 0.7%; for pulmonary hilar injuries, 30%; for pulmonary parenchymal injuries, 8.6%; and for injuries necessitating lung resection, 28%. Most civilian lung injuries can be treated by tube thoracostomy alone. Although relatively few patients with primary pulmonary injury require thoracotomy, those that do are at significant risk and may require lung resection to control bleeding or hemoptysis or to remove destroyed or devitalized lung tissue.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1988 Feb
PMID:Management of penetrating lung injuries in civilian practice. 333 88

A fatal case of massive hemoptysis in a patient with isolated peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis is described. Such patients are predisposed to developing pulmonary artery aneurysms. When hemoptysis develops, erosion of an aneurysm into an adjacent bronchus should be considered and aggressive diagnostic evaluation undertaken.
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn
PMID:Massive hemoptysis associated with isolated peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis. 366 29


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