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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemoptysis is an unusual complication of flow-directed (Swan-Ganz) catheters. Over-inflation of the balloon with a shearing-induced rupture of a small pulmonary artery, and the spear effect of the catheter tip appear to be the mechanisms in the two cases presented. Diligent care to avoid overinflation of the balloon in the pulmonary capillary wedge position by observation of the pressure waveform is critical. The spear effect that is frequently seen during insertion may be eliminated by deflating the balloon at the first appearance of the pulmonary artery waveform and gradual advancement of the catheter five to eight cm, when the balloon is then reinflated to obtain the wedge.
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1979
PMID:Massive hemoptysis secondary to flow-directed thermodilution catheters. 48 19

Management of four patients with sporotrichosis is summarized; one was treated medically and three were treated surgically. Thirty-seven cases from the literature are reviewed. The role of surgery in the management of pulmonary sporotrichosis is outlined as follows: (1) diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates and/or pulmonary cavities of undetermined origin, (2) surgical intervention in patients with persistent infiltrates with cavitary lesions resulting from sporotrichosis, following failed medical treatment, and (3) resection of associated pulmonary cavitary lesions in patients in spite of adequte medical control of sporotrichosis. Surgical principles that must be observed in the management of pulmonary sporotrichosis follows:(1) Resection is the procedure of choice. The magnitude ranges from segmental resection to pneumonectomy. Clean resection is necessary. (2) Antifungal drug therapy--preferably with amphotericin B--is advisable preoperatively and postoperatively, since the major cause of late death is progression of the disease when clean resection has not been feasible. (3) Resection combined with drug therapy can be curative without increased risk in physiologically operable and anatomically resectable disease. (4) Thoracoplasty can be a lifesaving procedure for bilateral cavitary lesions with severe hemoptysis in patients with impaired pulmonary functions.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1979 Feb
PMID:Role of surgery in the management of pulmonary sporotrichosis. 76 64

A case of mediastinal fibrosis with occlusion of the right inferior and middle lobe pulmonary veins is described. The patient had severe hemoptysis, and the diagnosis was established with thoracotomy. Review of the literature emphasizes the lethal nature of this syndrome if untreated. Resection of the involved bronchopulmonary tissue, when feasible, offers good palliation, although the long-term prognosis is unpredictable.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Jul
PMID:Sclerosing mediastinitis with occlusion of pulmonary veins. Manifestations and management. 87 31

A 26-year-old white man underwent amputation of the right lower extremity for a chondrosarcoma of the distal femur. Eleven years later, after a long symptom-free interval, he was hospitalized for rapidly progressive dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and hemoptysis resulting from a large pulmonary metastasis that had extended directly to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein. Within 24 hours of hospitalization, obstruction of the left commom iliac artery by tumor embolus necessitated embolectomy. This represents the second report of a metastatic chondrosarcoma involving the left atrium. The case presented clinically as an atrial myxoma and disseminated via the systemic circulation with a rapidly downhill course therafter.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Aug
PMID:Chondrosarcoma: a case report with left atrial involvement and systemic embolization. 88 79

During a 4 year period 11 patients underwent 12 operations for pulmonary aspergillomas. The usual reason for operation was hemoptysis--massive or moderate. There was one death after operation and two complications. One patient since has an aspergilloma on the opposite side and has recurrent hemoptysis. There may be an increasing incidence of aspergillomas secondary to a larger number of open negative tuberculosis patients in the population. The mortality rate from operation is under 10 percent, and the complications in the saprophytic infestation are few. Surgery is the preferred treatment for the good-risk patient.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Oct
PMID:The surgical treatment of pulmonary aspergillomas. 90 52

Cavitary pulmonary disease secondary to coccidioidomycosis occurs in endemic areas of the southwestern United States. Significant hemoptysis requiring pulmonary resection may develop in patients with cavitary lesions. In rare instances hemoptysis may be due to the development of a fungus ball within the cavity, and such mycetomas may contain spherule and mycelial forms of Coccidioides immitis. A patient with a documented coccidioidal cavity who had hemoptysis is described in this report. Chest radiograph revealed a fungus ball within a left lower lobe cavity. The patient underwent left lower lobectomy and recovered without complications. Examination of the resected left lower lobe disclosed a cavity containing a fungus ball comprised of mycelial and spherule forms of Coccidioides immitis. A review of the literature found three reports of biphasic growth of this condition within a coccidioidomycosis cavity and two additional cases of radiographically diagnosed coccidioidal mycetoma. Discussion of the potentially contagious nature, the medical and surgical management, and the prognosis of coccidioidal mycetoma form the basis of this report.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Oct
PMID:Unusual manifestation of Coccidioides immitis infection. 90 53

A calcified hilar or mediastinal lymph node can compress or erode the tracheobronchial tree and cause a variety of problems, including the "spitting of stones," hemoptysis, pneumonia, atelectasis, and bronchoesophageal fistula. From 1955 to 1975, 43 patients were evaluated for broncholithiasis. Nonsurgical management was carried out in 10 patients, whereas the remaining 33 underwent thoracotomy for the pathological process. Five patients had bronchoesophageal fistula as a result of the broncholith. Segmentectomy was the surgical resective procedure most commonly used. Conservation of pulmonary tissue is recommended when dealing with this problem. Surgical complications were minimal and no deaths occurred. The surgeon must be versatile in his technical approach and be prepared to carry out bronchoplastic procedures when indicated. A clinical awareness of the symptomatology of broncholithiasis leads the examiner to carry out the appropriate diagnostic studies of laminagraphy, bronchoscopy, bronchography, and esophagography. Early diagnosis and treatment will prevent the severe complications that can occur from continued observation.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1975 Nov
PMID:The surgical implication of broncholithiasis. 118 71

Pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare disease, most commonly presenting as secondary invasion of pre-existing cavitary disease. In Toronto General Hospital 24 patients have been recognized as having this disorder in the 10 years from 1965 to 1975. The most common presenting symptoms were cough, sputum production, and hemoptysis, with the hemoptysis occasionally being massive. Tuberculosis and bronchiectasis were the commonest pre-existing diseases. Thirteen of these patients were treated by surgical resection because of major complications or progression of the aspergillosis. Five of these patients died following surgery, all of these having had major complications prior to surgical intervention. Of the eight surviving patients seven are progressing well, but one had developed further extension of his disease.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1975 Dec
PMID:Surgery in pulmonary aspergillosis. 118 85

Congenital tracheoesophageal or bronchoesophageal fistulas, if not associated with esophageal atresia, may not appear initially until adult life. Nine such cases (two tracheoesophageal and seven bronchoesophageal) are reported. The chief presenting symptoms were recurrent bouts of coughing, after drinking, and hemoptysis. In the majority of cases the duration of symptoms exceeded 15 years. The diagnosis was confirmed in seven patients by esophagography, in one patient by bronchoscopy, and in one patient the fistula was discovered incidentally during thoracotomy. The esophageal opening of the fistula was in the lower third in seven patients and in the middle third in two. Bronchoesophageal fistulas communicated with a segmental bronchus in four patients and with a main or lobar bronchus in three. Treatment involved excision of the fistula (five patients) or division and suturing (four patients). Postoperative follow-up revealed no long-term sequelae except persistent chronic respiratory failure in one patient. The respiratory failure had developed before treatment of the fistula. The analysis of this series and a review of the literature underline the high index of suspicion required in all cases of chronic cough and lung suppuration, to diagnose this benign condition before life-threatening complications occur.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992 Aug
PMID:Congenital respiratory-esophageal fistula in the adult. Report of nine cases and review of the literature. 149 99

Autopsy or surgical specimens from six patients with primary cardiac angiosarcoma seen at the Mayo Clinic (all in men) between 1939 and 1988 were studied (patients' ages, 31 to 80 years; mean 50 years). The symptoms were nonspecific and included dyspnea and thoracoabdominal pain in six; anorexia in five; fatigue, hemoptysis, or orthopnea in four; nausea and vomiting, fever, or weight loss in three; and night sweats in two. Cardiomegaly was present in five, and a pericardial effusion or density, a mass adjacent to the heart, or nonspecific ST-T wave changes were present in three. All six neoplasms arose from the right atrium and exhibited epicardial or endocardial extension; three produced obstructive intracavitary right atrial masses. Pulmonary metastatic lesions were noted in five patients. The cardiac neoplasm was diagnosed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in the three most recent patients, and surgical resection was performed in two of them. Mean survival was 6 months after presentation. Causes of death were pulmonary hemorrhage in three, thoracic metastasis in two, and hemopericardium in one. The diagnosis of primary cardiac angiosarcoma was established at operation in two patients and at autopsy in four. Despite diagnosis by noninvasive imaging procedures and aggressive early surgical intervention, survival was less than 6 months. Thus optimal therapy is unclear.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992 Apr
PMID:Primary cardiac angiosarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. 154 8


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