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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an era when heart-lung transplantation offers a therapeutic option for patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, it is important to assess the natural history of this condition. With this objective the authors studied 62 patients followed-up by the same cardiologist. The average follow-up period was 16 years, but 22 patients were followed up for over 20 years. The average age at death was 29 years. It differed significantly for genetically normal patients (31 years for 21 fatalities) compared with a population of trisomics (21 years for 6 fatalities). Half the patient population lived for over 30 years. Fourteen of the 27 deaths occurred during the third decade and only 4 before the age of 20. The probability of surviving 10 more years for a 20 years old genetically normal patient was 56%. The causes of death in the 19 cases in which it could be established were: 5 sudden deaths, 4 right heart failures, 3 massive haemoptyses, 3 pulmonary emboli, 2 pneumonias and 2 peroperative deaths. The functional disability was nearly always minimal or mild, enabling the patient to work: 24 of the 45 non-trisomic patients had full-time jobs. Pregnancy was a poor prognosis factor and could be lethal (2 deaths due to pulmonary embolism in the post-partum period). A heart-lung transplantation would only seem to be justified in patients with severe symptoms, polycythaemia, irreversible right heart failure and/or haemoptysis.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 May
PMID:[Outcome of patients with Eisenmenger syndrome. Apropos of 62 cases followed-up for an average of 16 years]. 138 47

We report the clinical picture and the outcome after medical and surgical treatment of eleven patients who had a traumatic rupture of the tracheobronchial tree between 1971 and 1990. The lesions occurred after a blunt chest trauma. All patients but one had evidence of extrapulmonary air leak on admission; one patient complained of hemoptysis. Seven patients underwent a fibroscopy on admission, which confirmed the rupture. One of them was operated immediately for tracheal rupture; four presented a small lesion which was medically treated; two were operated later on for secondary stenosis. Four patients didn't undergo a fibroscopy at first examination, one of them being asymptomatic. All four were operated secondarily. Of the six patients operated for secondary stenosis, three were operated within one month after the accident. This reflects the importance of other priorities at the initial stage. Of the three patients operated later on two didn't have a fibroscopy and it is impossible to assess the importance of the primary lesion. For the last patient operation was delayed because of the peripheral location of the lesion. The long term evolution was satisfactory in all cases.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[Tracheobronchial lesions after closed thoracic injuries]. 147 Jul 55

Transcutaneous needle aspiration (PTT) is a diagnostic technique which consists of biopsying pathological lung tissue using a needle (which in general is specifically designed for the purpose) which is introduced into the thorax transcutaneously. The target is lined up, either radioscopically or using a CT scanner and this enables the needle to be positioned in the centre of the lesion radiologically where one or more biopsies can be taken. According to the type and diameter of the needle these biopsies will enable a histological examination to be performed in addition to a cytological and bacteriological examination. This performance is particularly indicated in the final assessment of a periphery pulmonary nodule which is suspected of being neoplastic where bronchofibroscopy has been non contributory and where an immediate thoracotomy (diagnostic or therapeutic) is not recommended for one or other reason. When performed for this indication the technique often achieves a sensitivity of 90% with an average specificity of 98%. The diagnostic yield for benign tumours is less. It is always necessary to maintain a degree of vigilance in view of the risk of false negative or "benign" results. The complications exist above all of pneumothoraces which occur in 20-30% of cases and which will require a drain in 5-10% of cases. Haemorrhage and haemoptysis are less frequent but potentially fatal even in the absence of any coagulation disturbance.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[Transthoracic lung punctures]. 154 52

The aim of this work is to determine the clinical characteristics of haemoptysis and their principal aetiologies in a retrospective study of 291 cases collected over 5 years and occurring in adults who were hospitalised in a pneumology service. The annual incidence of haemoptysis was 8.8% of the in-patient population. The mean age of the patients was 46 and 47% were less than 50. The males were most frequent (69.4%) and haemoptysis was the presenting feature in 35.4%; it was minimal in 71.1% of average quantity in 26.8% and severe in 2.1%. The thoracic radiograph was judged abnormal in all cases and the abnormalities noted were suggestive of a particular aetiology in 70.8% of cases. The aetiological cause was dominated by bronchial cancer and of active pulmonary tuberculosis or its sequalae with levels of 34.4% and 18.9% respectively. For the other causes bronchial dilatation was important with 15.1% and hydatic cysts another 9.3%. Other aetiologies were represented by bacterial pneumonias with or without abscesses 7.2%, pulmonary aspergilloma 6.9%, chronic bronchitis with or without emphysema 3.5% and by rare causes in 4 cases. The cause for the haemoptysis was not found in 3.1%. This study brings out the preponderant place of bronchial cancer as a cause of haemoptysis in a country which still has a high prevalence of tuberculosis. Nevertheless the existence of tuberculosis services where the greater part of tuberculosis patients are hospitalised explains in part the predominance of bronchial cancer increasing very rapidly in our service.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[Clinical characteristics and etiology in hemoptysis in a pneumology service. 291 cases]. 161 2

Three cases of pulmonary arterial disease were identified out of a cohort of 75 cases of Takayasu's disease. In the first case, pulmonary hypertension considered to be idiopathic caused massive haemoptysis and the death of a 48 year old Spanish woman; autopsy revealed characteristic stenoses of the common carotid arteries. In the second case, haemoptysis led to pneumonectomy in a 23 year old West Indian woman with a diagnosis of agenesis of the right pulmonary artery. Disease of the supraaortic vessels occurred several months later and a retrospective diagnosis of Takayasu's disease of the pulmonary artery was made. In the third case, systematic pulmonary angiography in a 41 year old French woman referred for Takayasu's disease of the supraaortic arteries showed severe stenosis of the right pulmonary artery. She developed severe haemoptysis four years later which led to an attempted balloon angioplasty of the right pulmonary artery and embolisation of a branch of the right coronary artery thought to be the cause of the haemoptysis. This was complicated by posterior wall myocardial infarction but the haemoptysis did not recur thereafter. These three cases and a review of the literature show that the pulmonary lesions of Takayasu's disease occur mostly on the main right pulmonary artery but they may be more distal and involve the pulmonary arterioles. A coronaro-broncho-pulmonary collateral circulation may develop distal to the stenosed segments. The main complications are pulmonary hypertension and massive haemoptysis. Surgery is possible in cases of stenosis of the right main pulmonary artery. The potential role of endoluminal angioplasty is discussed.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1991 Jun
PMID:[Severe pulmonary artery involvement of Takayasu arteritis. 3 cases and review of the literature]. 168 Mar 19

A 22 year old patient was admitted to hospital for dyspnoea and haemoptysis. Cardiac catheterisation showed a pressure gradient between the main pulmonary artery and its branches. Pulmonary angiography showed appearances of extrinsic compression of the branches of the pulmonary artery. This was shown to be caused by lymphadenopathy on CT scan and Hodgkin's disease was diagnosed after surgical biopsy. The pressure gradient between the main pulmonary artery and its distal branches almost completely regressed after chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1991 Jan
PMID:[Stenosis of the branches of the pulmonary artery caused by Hodgkin's lymphadenopathies]. 201 80

A 39-year old patient presented with small, sudden hemoptyses and a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made on radiographic pleural and parenchymatous lesions but without bacteriological confirmation. Two years later, the patient was admitted to hospital following severe hemoptysis. Echocardiography revealed the presence of a tumour in the right ventricular outflow tract. At surgery, nodules were also resected from the superior vena cava. Histological examination of the surgical specimens suggested that the tumour was an angiosarcoma. Six months later, the patient returned complaining of a painful swelling in the left iliac fossa. Immuno-histochemical analysis of the cardiac and abdominal tumours finally concluded that it was in fact a malignant non-Hodgkinian lymphoma.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1990 Sep
PMID:[Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the superior vena cava and the right ventricle. A case report]. 212 37

The non bronchial systemic arterial circulation of the lung may, for more than one good reason, be considered as a third arterial circulation of the lung, after the bronchial and pulmonary circulation. A perfect knowledge of the anatomy of the circulation and the physiopathological mechanisms leading to its development is a vital prelude to angiographic study. A common point in the majority of situations leading to this non bronchial systemic arterial hypervascularization is the existence of a pleural symphysis allowing the pulmonary penetration of these thoracic parietal vessels. In addition to the contribution of the transpleural non bronchial systemic vessels the role of the arteries of the triangular ligament should be discussed. The pathological significance of this non bronchial systemic hypervascularization is threefold. This circulation can be the source of haemoptysis as shown by angiography and is important for considering therapy when haemoptysis needs treatment by percutaneous embolisation. The duration and the risk of catheterisation may be considerably reduced thanks to the precision of the endoscopic examination at the site of bleeding. There are other types of endothoracic haemorrhage which can be qualified as "haemoptysis like" whose treatment, preventative or curative may also be assured by embolisation of this circulation. Besides a certain number of extracardiac shunts both endo and transthoracic, without any haemorrhagic consequence at the time at which they are discovered show evidence of abnormal communication between the three circulations of the lung; certain of these may need therapy by vaso-occlusion.
Rev Mal Respir 1990
PMID:[The non-bronchial systemic vascular circulation of the lung]. 218 70

The authors report a case of plasma cell granuloma of the lung, an inflammatory tumour occurring in a young Egyptian aged 23 without any history of chest diseases. The patient had had three weeks before his hospital admission light haemoptysis and associated with weight loss. The diagnosis was made on a bronchial biopsy. Thus a diagnosis could be made without recourse to surgery because of the occurrence of bronchial invasion. No aetiological factor was found to explain the pathogenesis of the granuloma.
Rev Mal Respir 1990
PMID:[Plasma cell granuloma. Report of a case]. 225 42

We report a case of a 62 year old man who presented with effort dyspnoea accompanied by a cough and haemoptysis. The chest radiograph of the thorax showed atelectasis of the right upper lobe. Bronchoscopy showed evidence of a tumour like mass obstructing the right bronchus and this revealed itself to be a mass of organised fibrinous deposit in granulation tissue containing numerous colonies of Aspergillus. In fact it appeared to be an obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis, with a pseudo-tumour appearance attached to a carcinoid tumour which was obstructing the apical segment of the right upper lobe. Obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis makes up only a small percentage of overall respiratory disease caused by Aspergillus. They pose a problem of differential diagnosis with bronchopulmonary aspergillosis which is much more frequent.
Rev Mal Respir 1990
PMID:[Endobronchial aspergillosis associated with a carcinoid tumor]. 227 Mar 53


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