Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cysts in children is generally easy and does not require endoscopic exploration, because the radiological aspects of an intact or a complicated cyst are most often suggestive. There are, nevertheless, some cases of pulmonary hydatids where the cyst is partially evacuated and then infected, whose radiological image is atypical showing parenchymatous opacities (systematised or not) which are readily associated with adenopathy. Usually immunology fails to aid the clinician in this later stage in the cyst's evolution. Two recent cases are reported of Tunisian children aged 5 and 10 years old with chronic pulmonary opacities posing a diagnostic problem. One child presented with a persistent cough, the other with recurrent haemoptysis and both had negative immunology. Bronchoscopy enabled a positive diagnosis to be made in both cases by showing the presence of an intra-bronchial membrane. A simultaneous bronchogram showed an arrest of the contrast in the affected bronchial segment. Although non specific, this image of arrested contrast should in our opinion be discussed in the differential diagnosis when the membrane could not be seen at bronchoscopy. At operation surgery confirmed the retention of infected membrane but in our two children infection had led to the destruction of a lower lobe which was removed. These situations where the diagnosis of pulmonary hydatids is difficult are far from being rare in countries of hgh endemiology such as Tunisia. Our observations show the advantage of bronchoscopy, which sometimes enable one to see or to remove a fragment of the membrane and thus entrust the child to a surgeon with a definitive diagnosis.
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PMID:[Bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of complicated pulmonary hydatid cyst in children]. 652 10

A Laotian immigrant with persistent cough and hemoptysis was found to have multiple small cavities on chest roentgenogram. Ova of the lung fluke Paragonimus westermani were found in the sputum, and the patient responded to bithionol therapy. Pulmonary paragonimiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cavitary lung disease in Indochinese refugees entering the United States.
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PMID:Paragonimus westermani: a cause of cavitary lung disease in an Indochinese refugee. 730 48

This study analyzes patient demand in a regional public health pulmonology practice. The following data were recorded for all first-visit patients for a period of two years: age, sex, referral source, initial diagnosis by the referring physician, final diagnosis by the pulmonologist, and destination. The service studied 1,486 patients (men/women: 1.5). Most (71%) were between 40 and 80 years old. Referrals were from the family doctor (60%), health center (9%), emergency service (10%), hospital (12%), other specialists (6%), and others (3%). The most frequent reasons for remission were upper airway disease (UAD) (36%), specifically chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, and the presentation of symptoms (28%) such as dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis and chest pain. Analysis of the final diagnoses for the patients presenting with symptoms showed that no disease could be detected in one third of those with dyspnea and hemoptysis or in half of those who complained of chest pain; acute respiratory infection was diagnosed in 45% of those complaining of persistent cough. UAD was the most frequent cause of symptoms. The index of doctor's visit/inhabitant was 0.97% for patients referred by family doctors and 0.38% for those from health centers, but the initial and final diagnosis profiles of these patients were not statistically different. Patients referred by emergency services had significantly more (p < 0.001) in number of radiological findings and hemoptysis. Those sent from hospitals more often suffered pneumonia. In conclusion, this profile of a regional public health pulmonology practice shows that: 1) UAD and clinical symptoms are the most frequent reasons for patient remission; 2) family doctors generate three times mor demand for services than do health centers, and 3) 14% of patients can be considered normal.
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PMID:[Profile of a pneumology regional health service]. 906 82

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 20% to 25% of cases of bronchogenic carcinoma and results in pronounced morbidity and mortality in the United States. More than 90% of cases of SCLC are caused by cigarette smoking. Common pulmonary manifestations are dyspnea, persistent cough, hemoptysis, and postobstructive pneumonia. At the time of diagnosis, patients usually have extensive disease. To date, therapeutic approaches have made only modest advances in outcome. Combined modality approaches, such as radiotherapy administered concomitantly with the initiation of chemotherapy, induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy administered during the subsequent courses of chemotherapy, sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and courses of radiotherapy split between cycles of chemotherapy, are important for improving survival in patients with SCLC.
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PMID:Current guidelines for the management of small cell lung cancer. 1047 59

An 82 years-old man is admitted for suspicion of bronchial cancer. He has a persistent cough, repeated bronchial infections and haemoptysis. On thoracic CT-scan, there is an increased thickness of the bronchial walls situated at the tracheobronchial cross.
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PMID:[Hemoptysis]. 1074 85

Two adolescents presented with a history of dyspnea upon exertion and cough. In both cases, the chest X-ray and pulmonary function testing, including flow-volume loop, were normal. A bronchial tumor was diagnosed by CT scan, which was ordered after each patient had an episode of hemoptysis. The sedimentation rate was the only abnormal laboratory test in both cases. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus, a rare tumor in childhood, was found at pathology in both cases. There was no evidence of metastases to local lymph nodes or distal sites. There were 47 previously reported cases in children. Recurrent pneumonia and persistent cough were the most common presenting findings. These tumors are of low-grade malignant potential but they can become locally invasive, extending into cartilage and surrounding soft tissue. Prognosis is good with complete resection.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus presenting with a negative chest X-ray and normal pulmonary function in two teenagers: two case reports and review of the literature. 1533 19

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is an unusual disorder. It mainly affects men over 50 years old and clinical manifestations are observed when obstructive or infectious complications occur. A 50-year old woman was investigated because of productive cough and 42 years old man was investigated because of haemoptysis. In two cases, at bronchoscopy, the typical picture of TO was observed. Microscopic examination of the biopsy material revealed bone formation. TO should be considered in the differential diagnosis as an unusual cause of chronic persistent cough, haemoptysis, persistent atelectasis, and recurrent segmental or lobar infection.
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PMID:Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: two cases and review of literature. 1535 41

In the year 2004 there were 699 patients hospitalized in the Pulmonology Department of the hospital in Dabrowa Tarnowska. In 189 of themm bronchoscopic examination was performed because of such indications: tumor- like lesions centrally localized, haemoptysis, persistent cough, unclear x-ray imaging. In every case of bronchoscopy, material for further histopatological examination was collected. Lung cancer was diagnosed in 19 patients.
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PMID:[Central located lung tumor in patients hospitalized in years 2004 in Pulmonology Department of the Internal Ward in Dabrowa Tarnowska]. 1778 47

Lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani of Paragonimus species usually are accompanied by a persistent cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Extrapulmonary paragonimiasis caused by ectopic parasites in aberrant locations such as the abdominal wall, abdominal organs, and brain has been reported and the most commonly involved extrapulmonary organ is the brain. We present a case of 56-year-old male patient with intra-abdominal paragonimiasis who underwent laparoscopic excision of abdominal granuloma caused by parasite infection. An intra-abdominal mass associated with eosinophilia might be related to parasite infection. A laparoscopic approach is the most appropriate treatment modality in such benign abdominal pathology.
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PMID:Laparoscopic excision of intra-abdominal paragonimiasis. 1809 24

Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma is a rare extragonadal germ cell malignancy. We describe the first case of a patient who developed mediastinal choriocarcinoma after treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). A 25-year-old man with classic HL, nodular sclerosis subtype, underwent treatment with splenectomy followed by radiation therapy. Unfortunately, his disease relapsed with a paraspinal mass, and he was subsequently treated with MOPP (mechlorethamine, Oncovin, procarbazine, and prednisone) alternating with ABVD (Adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine). He achieved a complete remission after 6 cycles. Ten years after treatment, the patient presented with a persistent cough, haemoptysis, right supraclavicular lymphadenopathy, and weight loss. His chest X-ray showed opacification of the lower right hemithorax with a widened mediastinum. Given unresponsiveness to several antibiotics and lack of evidence for lung volume loss, there were concerns over lung infiltration with relapsed lymphoma. Transbronchial fine needle aspiration biopsy suggested recurrence of his HL. MOPP alternating with ABVD was again given. Due to disease progression, brachytherapy as well as a cocktail of dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin were also tried. However, on a subsequent excisional lymph node biopsy, it turned out that the tumour was in fact choriocarcinoma and not relapsed HL. Unfortunately, despite aggressive therapy, the patient's disease rapidly progressed, and he died within 2 weeks.
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PMID:Mediastinal choriocarcinoma masquerading as relapsed hodgkin lymphoma. 2211 78


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