Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Postobstructive pulmonary oedema is a complication after extubation that occurs rarely . It can be associated with haemoptysis. We report two cases of haemoptysis occuring in ASA 1 otherwise healthy patients who underwent uncomplicated anaesthesia. Understanding of the mechanism and prompt treatment lead to rapid recovery of this dramatic complication.
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PMID:[Haemoptysis after anesthesia]. 1685 78

A case of recurrent respiratory papilloma of the trachea was reviewed in accordance with other literature. A 66-year-old man with the chief complaint of haemoptysis was referred to our department for meticulous checkup. According to his past medical history of laser ablation for laryngeal and tracheal papilloma, recurrence of the papilloma was first suspected and confirmed by bronchoscopic biopsy. The recurrent papilloma, of about 5 mm in diameter, was located at the same endotracheal lesion, left side of the middle trachea, where the former first and second tracheal papillomas had been detected and treated with Nd-YAG laser. Under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation, the patient underwent bronchoscopic resection of the recurrent papilloma with KTP laser. The bronchoscopic resection was uneventful, as was the postoperative course. In this report, the clinical manifestations of and therapeutic approach for tracheal papilloma are reviewed.
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PMID:Tracheal papilloma with exceptionally longer interval of recurrence. 1733 81

We describe a case of a 19-year-old man who developed traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts after a rollover road traffic crash. These were associated with significant pulmonary haemorrhage requiring a period of mechanical ventilation, but resolved without specific intervention. Review of the literature confirms that this rare complication of blunt chest trauma occurs usually in young adults and, although normally benign, can be associated with life-threatening haemoptysis and secondary infection.
Anaesthesia 2007 Apr
PMID:Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts. 1738 81

Voice production is a complex process that involves more than one system, yet most causes of dysphonia are attributed to disturbances in the laryngeal structures and little attention is paid to extralaryngeal factors. Persistent dysphonia after general anesthesia is a challenge to both anesthesiologists and otolaryngologists. The etiology is often multivariable and necessitates a team approach for proper diagnosis. Laryngeal symptoms are subdivided into phonatory disturbances and airway related complaints. When they become persistent for more than 72 hours or are coupled with airway symptoms such as hemoptysis, stridor, dyspnea or aspiration, the anesthesiologist should suspect injury to the vocal folds or cricoarytenoid joints. Here-below, the laryngeal manifestations of endotracheal intubation and the pathophysiology of vocal fold scarring are discussed.
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PMID:Persistant dysphonia following endotracheal intubation. 1751 Nov 79

Although cryosurgery has been shown to be effective in managing advanced malignant bronchial tumours, there is very little in the literature describing its use with benign lesions. In this study, we retrospectively assessed the effectiveness of cryosurgery in the management of non-malignant endobronchial lesions. Between 1995 and 1999, 20 patients with benign tumours and non-neoplastic lesions of the tracheo-bronchial tree were treated with endobronchial cryosurgery. The procedures were performed under general anaesthesia, using specifically designed cryoprobes. The patients were assessed clinically, radiologically and by respiratory function tests before and after each cryotreatment. Over the 5-year period, each patient received a mean 2.6 (range 1-9) cryo-applications, with no peri-operative deaths. All patients described a subjective improvement in at least one of their symptoms (cough, haemoptysis, stridor, chest pain or dyspnoea) following cryosurgery and 75% of patients improved in all symptoms. Following surgery, both forced expiratory volume in 1 s (2.23+/-0.27 vs. 1.98+/-0.25 l, P<0.05) and forced vital capacity (2.86+/-0.33 vs. 2.62+/-0.30 l, P<0.01) improved significantly. In conclusion, cryosurgery can provide effective symptomatic control in patients with non-malignant endobronchial lesions, the majority of whom are discharged on the day of surgery. It affords an easy to perform, safe procedure, which should be considered for patients with benign endobronchial lesions.
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PMID:Cryosurgery for the treatment of benign tracheo-bronchial lesions. 1767 Mar 7

Most cavernous hemangiomas present at birth or soon after. Cavernous hemangiomas of the nasal cavity, which are rare, usually do not present until adulthood; their incidence peaks in the fourth decade of life. Most affected patients experience epistaxis or hemoptysis and an enlarging lesion in the nose. Histologically, cavernous hemangiomas appear as closely packed, dilated vascular channels lined with a layer of flattened endothelial cells. We describe the case of a 32-year-old man who was admitted to our clinic with the complaint of a nasal obstruction. On anterior rhinoscopy, he was found to have a hypervascularized and hypertrophied left middle turbinate and septal deviation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses demonstrated a well-defined cystic lesion that had arisen within the bony left middle turbinate and caused deviation of the septum to the right. The lesion was excised via endoscopic surgery with general anesthesia. No complications occurred during the postoperative period. Histologic examination identified the tumor as a cavernous hemangioma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the English-language literature of a cavernous hemangioma appearing as a cystic mass in the middle turbinate.
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PMID:Cavernous hemangioma of the middle turbinate: a case report. 1863 33

The kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is an uncommon vascular neoplasm of borderline or intermediate malignant potential in which involvement of the head and neck region is rare. A 5-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency room with abrupt massive hemoptysis. Transoral laryngoscopy revealed a round, reddish mass with active bleeding on the anterior portion of the left vocal fold region. Since re-hemoptysis and large amount of aspiration caused breathing difficulties for the patient, suspension exam was performed under general anesthesia. Mass excision and thorough bleeding control was performed with laser assisted laryngo-micro system. Postoperatively, there was no further bleeding. The pathologic diagnosis of the tumor was KHE. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a KHE in the larynx presenting as recurrent hemoptysis in childhood.
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PMID:Laryngeal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: case report and literature review. 1955 40

A 76-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo abdominal aortic repair for progressive abdominal aortic aneurysm. After inducing general anesthesia, the 7.5-mm internal diameter (ID) tracheal tube could not be advanced below the level of the vocal cords because of resistance, and intubation was re-attempted several times using smaller tubes. An otolaryngologist was consulted and subglottic stenosis of unknown origin was suggested. The aortic repair was cancelled and tracheostomy was performed instead. She was diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis 46 days after the operation because she developed symptoms of renal dysfunction, hemoptysis, gastrointestinal bleeding, and presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (c-ANCA). The patient was treated with steroids but died 89 days after the operation because of pulmonary bleeding and renal dysfunction. Tracheal stenosis is a rare presenting feature of Wegener's granulomatosis that usually occurs late in the disease; however, anesthesiologists around the world need to bear in mind that the disease can present airway symptoms and can be the cause of airway obstruction.
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PMID:Unexpectedly difficult intubation caused by subglottic stenosis in Wegener's granulomatosis. 2009 34

Today, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of primary and metastatic lung tumor is increasingly used. Because RFA is most often used with curative intent, preablation workup must be a preoperative workup. General anesthesia provides higher feasibility than conscious sedation. The electrode positioning must be performed under computed tomography for sake of accuracy. The delivery of RFA must be adapted to tumor location, with different impedances used when treating tumors with or without pleural contact. The estimated rate of incomplete local treatment at 18 months was 7% (95% confidence interval, 3-14) per tumor, with incomplete treatment depicted at 4 months (n = 1), 6 months (n = 2), 9 months (n = 2), and 12 months (n = 2). Overall survival and lung disease-free survival at 18 months were, respectively, 71 and 34%. Size is a key point for tumor selection because large size is predictive of incomplete local treatment and poor survival. The ratio of ablation volume relative to tumor volume is predictive of complete ablation. Follow-up computed tomography that relies on the size of the ablation zone demonstrates the presence of incomplete ablation. Positron emission tomography might be an interesting option. Chest tube placement for pneumothorax is reported in 8 to 12%. Alveolar hemorrhage and postprocedure hemoptysis occurred in approximately 10% of procedures and rarely required specific treatment. Death was mostly related to single-lung patients and hilar tumors. No modification of forced expiratory volume in the first second between pre- and post-RFA at 2 months was found. RFA in the lung provides a high local efficacy rate. The use of RFA as a palliative tool in combination with chemotherapy remains to be explored.
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PMID:Lung tumor radiofrequency ablation: where do we stand? 2042 3

Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an important tool for diagnosis and monitoring during anaesthesia in cardiac operation. TEE is generally considered a safe and minimally invasive technique. However, adverse events may occur during probe insertion or manipulation. We report a case of delayed distal oesophageal stricture with an associated scarring probably due to TEE during a cardiac operation. The patient, a 75-year-old female, underwent coronary artery bypass graft, mitral valve replacement, and tricuspid valve annuloplasty. Seven days after surgery, the patient complained of dysphagia without haemoptysis and drop of haematocrit. At 24 days after surgery, severe stricture of distal oesophagus with scarring was observed by oesophagography and stent insertion was done.
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PMID:Distal oesophageal stricture after transoesophageal echocardiography in a cardiac surgical patient. 2056 14


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