Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heiner syndrome (HS) is a food hypersensitivity pulmonary disease that affects primarily infants, and is mostly caused by cow's milk (CM). Only a few reports have been published, which may be due to its misdiagnosis. We review here a series of eight cases. When first diagnosed they were 4-29 months of age. They were fed CM from birth and their chronic respiratory symptoms began at age 1-9 months. The symptoms were in the form of cough in seven, wheezing in three, hemoptysis in two, nasal congestion in three, dyspnea in one, recurrent otitis media (OM) in three, recurrent fever in four, anorexia, vomiting, colic or diarrhea in five, hematochezia in one, and failure to thrive (FTT) in two. All had radiologic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates. High titers of precipitating antibodies to CM proteins were demonstrated in six of six and milk-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) was positive in one of two. Pulmonary hemosiderosis (PH) was confirmed in one patient who showed iron-laden macrophages (ILM) in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), gastric washing, and open lung biopsy. Additional findings, in a descending frequency, were eosinophilia, anemia, and elevated level of total IgM, IgE or IgA. Milk elimination resulted in remarkable improvement in symptoms within days and clearing of the pulmonary infiltrate within weeks. Parents consented to milk challenge in only three cases, all of whom developed recurrence of symptoms. After 2 yr of milk avoidance in one patient, milk challenge was tolerated for 2 months, and then the patient developed symptoms, serum milk precipitins, pulmonary infiltrate, and ILM. The HS should be suspected in young children with chronic pulmonary disease of obscure cause. The diagnosis is supported with a positive milk precipitin test and improvement on a trial of milk elimination. Severe cases may be complicated with PH, which should be suspected in the presence of anemia or hemoptysis and be confirmed with the demonstration of ILM.
 ...
PMID:Milk-induced pulmonary disease in infants (Heiner syndrome). 1617 5

Tracheopathia osteoplastica (TPO) is a rare disorder characterized by cartilaginous or bony mucosal nodules in the tracheobronchial tree. Due to most patients being asymptomatic, the majority are diagnosed post-mortem. If symptoms are present, they typically include chronic cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, hoarseness, and wheezing, with some of these symptoms overlapping with asthma. This case report describes an adult female with chronic cough who was diagnosed with asthma that was refractory to therapy for 8 years. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed several soft tissue masses in the trachea with bronchoscopy revealing TPO in the upper portion of the trachea. She was diagnosed with TPO and started on airway clearance and a nasal corticosteroid spray with resolution of the cough at follow-up 3 months later.
 ...
PMID:Tracheopathia osteoplastica misdiagnosed as asthma. 1753 May 21

A case report of an unusual formaldehyde exposure that had happened accidentally is described. A 54-year-old male ingested 10% formaldehyde and inhaled while vomiting and he developed cough, dyspnea and wheezing with prevalent ronci and bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray (cxr). His pulmonary symptoms and FEV1 responded well to systemic corticosteroids and nebulised salbutamol given for the possible diagnosis of hypersensitivity and/or chemical pneumonitis, and infiltrates were cleared. Two weeks after the incident, he had massive haemoptysis, fever, leucocytes, prevalent crackles, bronchospasm, and new infiltrates on CXR. After an antibiotic and steroid therapy, his symptoms and crackles relieved, radiographic infiltrates were regressed. Delayed type hypersensitivity to formaldehyde patch test was appropriate with late-onset symptoms. This is a first case of pneumonitis as well as asthma different from the occupational exposure to formaldehyde. This data suggests direct and indirect effects of formaldehyde in healthy human airways.
 ...
PMID:An unusual form of formaldehyde-induced lung disease. 1759 75

Aspergillus spp. cultured in specimens from the airways of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are frequently considered as a contaminant. However, growing evidence suggests that severe COPD patients are at higher risk of developing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), although IPA incidence in this population is poorly documented. Some data report that COPD is the underlying disease in 1% of patients with IPA. Definitive diagnosis of IPA in COPD patients is often difficult as tissue samples are rarely obtained before death. Diagnosis is therefore usually based on a combination of clinical features, radiological findings (mostly thoracic computed tomography scans), microbiological results and, sometimes, serological information. Of 56 patients with IPA reported in the literature, 43 (77%) were receiving corticosteroids on admission to hospital. Breathlessness was always a feature of disease and excess wheezing was present in 79% of patients. Fever (>38 degrees C) was present in only 38.5%. Chest pain and haemoptysis were uncommon. Six out of 33 (18%) patients had tracheobronchitis observed during bronchoscopy. The median delay between symptoms and diagnosis was 8.5 days. The mortality rate was high: 53 out of 56 (95%) patients died despite invasive ventilation and antifungal treatment in 43 (77%) of them. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis currently carries a very poor prognosis. Outcome could perhaps be improved by more rapid diagnosis and prompt therapy with voriconazole.
 ...
PMID:Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 1790 86

The patient was a 90-year-old woman with chief complaints of hemoptysis and wheezing. Cervical computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a mass (2.5x2.0 cm) in the right lobe of the thyroid. The mass was exposed into the tracheal lumen, causing marked stenosis of the airway. When examined by bronchoscopy, the maximal degree of airway stenosis was about 75% of the tracheal cross section. During surgery, a resection of the right lobe of the thyroid was combined with a resection of the second to fifth cartilage ring of the cervical trachea for the purpose of complete resection of the thyroid cancer. During the same operation, the trachea was reconstructed by end-to-end anastomosis. For 1 week after surgery, a Mini-Trach II tube was left inserted to aspirate sputum, and the neck was kept bent forward (in the position of flexion). When sleeve resection of the trachea and subsequent end-to-end anastomosis are being performed, it is essential to manipulate the trachea in a protective manner, to preserve the nourishing vessels, to perform operative manipulation aseptically, to appropriately move the trachea, and to ensure reliable suturing with the goal of minimizing the incidence of complications such as anastomotic failure and stenosis of the anastomosed area. Although the patient was in advanced old age, her postoperative course was uneventful.
 ...
PMID:A 90-year-old woman with trachea-invading thyroid cancer requiring four-ring resection of cervical trachea because of airway stenosis. 1795 93

Inaugural tracheobronchitis is a rare but known manifestation of Hodgkin's disease. Clinical signs are often misleading, retarding diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of Hodgkin's disease revealed by wheezing with minimal hemoptysis. Histology of the endoscopic biopsies demonstrated Hodgkin type infiltration of the trachea with mixed cellularity. The patient was given chemotherapy and mediastinal radiotherapy and achieved complete remission.
 ...
PMID:[Tracheal involvement revealing Hodgkin's disease. A case report]. 1816 36

We report on a 42-year-old female who underwent right pneumonectomy for hemoptysis from an aspergilloma cavity. Several years postoperatively she complained of increasing shortness of breath, wheezing, and dyspnea upon exertion. Chest computed tomography showed a counterclockwise rotation of the mediastinum with obstruction of the left lower lobe bronchus. Minimally invasive repair was carried out using an intrapleural tissue expander for dissection and an adjustable saline prosthesis for mediastinal centralization. Intraoperative bronchoscopy showed complete resolution of the left lower lobe bronchial obstruction, and postoperatively her symptoms resolved completely. This is the first reported case of a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of post-pneumonectomy syndrome in the United States.
 ...
PMID:Minimally invasive repair of post-pneumonectomy syndrome. 1917 4

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Fifteen percent of patients are asymptomatic at diagnosis. Symptoms usually indicate advanced disease. Signs include chronic cough, hemoptysis, wheezing, dyspnea, vague chest pain, hoarseness, pleural effusion, cardiac arrhythmias and bone pain. Significant surgical advances have reduced operational mortality rate. Early detection and surgery can increase survival rates for some patients.
 ...
PMID:Lung cancer: the importance of early intervention. 1935 Nov 1

Aortic aneurysm is usually a potentially life-threatening medical problem, with a 5-year survival rate of 20% if there is no surgical repair. Upper airway compression due to aortic aneurysm usually presents with wheezing, coughing, hemoptysis, dyspnea, or pneumonitis. We report a 78-year-old male patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was admitted to our emergency department because of wheezing dyspnea for 2 days. Acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation with respiratory failure was impressed, but the patient had poor response to bronchodilators and systemic steroids treatment. Because chest radiography revealed a widening of the upper mediastinum and right lower lung collapse, fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed and revealed narrowing at the lower portion of trachea and orifice of right main bronchus. Chest computed tomography scan showed aortic aneurysm involving the aortic arch and near the entire thoracic aorta. Because of his poor condition, surgery for aortic aneurysm was not suggested by the thoracic surgeons. We deployed expandable metallic stents in the right main stem bronchi and in the distal trachea. The patient was then weaned from mechanical ventilation a few days later.
 ...
PMID:Metallic stents for rescuing a patient with severe upper airway compression due to aortic aneurysm. 1937 58

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a blistering chemical agent which has short and long term toxicity against many organs. The respiratory tract is one of the main targets, and is the most disabling long term complication of SM. Inflammatory mediators especially IL-8 and IL-6 play the primary role in the various chronic pulmonary diseases. Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study (SICS) was designed to evaluate immunological and molecular parameters in SM exposed people 20 years after exposure. In the present study, the association of the serum levels of IL-8, IL-6, C reactive protein (CRP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) with long term pulmonary involvement was evaluated. There were 348 exposed and 120 control participants. The clinical evaluations were done for all subjects and Spirometry was performed according to American Thoracic Society Criteria. Severity of pulmonary involvement was assessed by Global Initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification. The serum levels of IL-8, IL-6 and RF were assessed by ELISA assay. CRP was assessed by photometric method. The serum levels of IL-8 and IL-6 significantly decreased in the SM exposed participants compared to the control group. There were no significant associations between the serum levels of IL-8 and pulmonary symptoms (chronic cough, sputum, hemoptysis, and dyspnea), pulmonary findings (crackles, rales, and wheezing) as well as spirometry parameters. IL-6 was associated with wheezing and CRP was associated with wheezing and rales in SM exposed group. We concluded the serum levels of these inflammatory mediators probably do not have any major role in pathogenesis and persistence of pulmonary complications and do not reflect the degree of severity of pulmonary involvement following SM exposure.
 ...
PMID:Serum levels of IL-8 and IL-6 in the long term pulmonary complications induced by sulfur mustard: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study. 1974 99


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>