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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isolated true aneurysm of the subclavian artery is rare and can rupture, thrombose, embolize, or cause symptoms by local compression. We describe a case of a 67-year-old man with proximal left subclavian artery aneurysm presenting with hemoptysis, hoarseness, and diplopia. These symptoms suggested that the aneurysm ruptured, that the left recurrent laryngeal nerve was compressed by it, and that its mural thrombus caused cerebral embolism. It was incidentally confirmed that the aneurysm grew at the rate of 1.31 cm/year, from 3.0 to 4.2 cm in diameter for 11 months, preciously measured in a computed tomography scan. The aneurysm was successfully repaired via partial cardiopulmonary bypass and separate perfusion of the left common carotid artery through cross-clamping the descending thoracic aorta and the aortic arch between the origins of the brachiocephalic artery and the left common carotid artery. Neither partial clamping of the aortic arch at the portion branching the left subclavian artery nor taping the aortic arch between the origins of the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery could be achieved.
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PMID:Proximal left subclavian artery aneurysm presenting hemoptysis, hoarseness, and diplopia: repair through partial cardiopulmonary bypass and perfusion of the left common carotid artery. 1467 28

Pulmonary mucormycosis is an uncommon infection and its endobronchial form is rare. Fever, cough, dyspnoea and hemoptysis are the usual presenting symptoms. Hoarseness of voice, a rare manifestation of endobronchial mucormycosis, has been reported earlier but its exact anatomical basis was unclear. We report an instance of polypoid endobronchial mucormycosis and vocal cord paralysis in a patient with type I diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis.
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PMID:Pulmonary mucormycosis presenting with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. 1471 Sep 82

The case of a male, 61 years of age, presenting with occasional hemoptysis and shortness of breath (duration of 1 year) is reported. Congestive heart failure was presumed and supported by chest x-ray and echocardiography. The patient improved with diuretic and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy, but continued to experience cough and occasional hemoptysis. Bronchoscopy revealed numerous firm nodular projections within the trachea with distribution along the cartilaginous rings. Tracheopathia osteochondroplastica (TPO) was diagnosed. TPO is an uncommon, benign, but slowly progressive disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by endoluminal projection of cartilaginous and bony nodules arising in the submucosa of the trachea. Involvement may extend to lobar or segmental bronchi. TPO should be considered in cases where cough, dyspnea, persistent pulmonary infection, hoarseness, or recurrent hemoptysis remain after appropriate treatment of other presumptive underlying causes.
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PMID:Tracheopathia osteochondroplastica. 1593 14

A 61-year-old white man was admitted to our department because of severe back and upper abdominal pain of 1 month's duration. The patient was diagnosed with Wegener granulomatosis 10 months before the presentation based on chronic otitis media, hoarseness, and hemoptysis; positive c-ANCA; and laryngeal and lung biopsies showing multinucleated giant cells. The patient was treated with monthly injections of cyclophosphamide (1-1.5 g per month) and 80 mg prednisone daily with rapid improvement. Prednisone dose was tapered off and 1 month before the present admission, the patient developed severe low back pain. Extensive workup, including abdominal computed axial tomography scan, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance image of the spinal cord, and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan, revealed 2 periaortic soft tissue structures seen at the level of L3 and at the level of the celiac trunk and linear meningeal thickening of the spinal cord at the level of D4-8. All these structures showed strong signal on FDG-PET scan. Treatment with methylprednisolone (1000 mg/d) for 3 consecutive days followed by 80 mg prednisone per day and 100 mg cyclophosphamide per day was started with rapid attenuation of the patient's symptoms. This case describes the clinical course of the rare complication of Wegener granulomatosis, periaortitis, and dural inflammation despite monthly cyclophosphamide and demonstrates the role of magnetic resonance imaging and FDG-PET in their diagnosis.
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PMID:Wegener granulomatosis with back pain, periaortitis, and dural inflammation developing while receiving monthly cyclophosphamide. 1714 61

We report a case of a 41-year-old woman who presented with occasional hemoptysis and hoarseness. Imaging showed a mass primarily in the sphenoid sinus but also extending into the right posterior ethmoid sinus and nasopharynx. Histology showed this mass to be a paraganglioma. We describe its computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings, and we discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Paraganglioma of the sphenoid sinus: case report and review of literature. 1718 44

Tracheopathia osteoplastica (TPO) is a rare disorder characterized by cartilaginous or bony mucosal nodules in the tracheobronchial tree. Due to most patients being asymptomatic, the majority are diagnosed post-mortem. If symptoms are present, they typically include chronic cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, hoarseness, and wheezing, with some of these symptoms overlapping with asthma. This case report describes an adult female with chronic cough who was diagnosed with asthma that was refractory to therapy for 8 years. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed several soft tissue masses in the trachea with bronchoscopy revealing TPO in the upper portion of the trachea. She was diagnosed with TPO and started on airway clearance and a nasal corticosteroid spray with resolution of the cough at follow-up 3 months later.
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PMID:Tracheopathia osteoplastica misdiagnosed as asthma. 1753 May 21

The larynx and surrounding soft tissues are vulnerable to injury during athletics despite protective equipment and rule modifications. Laryngeal injuries are uncommon but potentially fatal conditions that pose risks to the voice, airway, and esophagus of athletes who sustain blunt or penetrating neck trauma. Common symptoms and signs of laryngeal trauma include hoarseness, dyspnea, hemoptysis, dysphonia, respiratory distress, anterior neck tenderness, subcutaneous emphysema, and loss of normal laryngeal architecture. Diagnostic evaluation includes plain radiographs, computed tomography, and fibroscopic endoscopy. Most athletes with laryngeal injuries will require surgical treatment to restore normal regional anatomy and vocal quality. Less severe injuries may be treated with close observation, serial endoscopy, medications, and vocal rest.
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PMID:Laryngeal trauma in sport. 1829 39

A 77-year-old woman presented with hoarseness and hemoptysis. Chest CT scan revealed a mediastinal tumor in the lumen of the left pulmonary artery. A definitive diagnosis could not be made based on mediastinoscopy and thoracotomy. Eight months later, multiple nodular shadows appeared in both lung fields.Video-assisted lung biopsy showed that these nodules were lung metastases of a spindle cell sarcoma. Based on the pathological and radiological findings, a pulmonary artery sarcoma was eventually diagnosed. Interestingly, on immunohistological staining, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for KIT, which is an immunohistochemical marker of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The patient was treated with imatinib, a KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitor; however, the tumors progressed. The relationship between pulmonary artery sarcoma and KIT requires further study.
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PMID:[Diffuse expression of KIT in a pulmonary artery sarcoma]. 1851 91

The granular cell tumor (GCT) is an uncommon neoplasm, with slow progression, usually benign, that can be found in any organ. The most common region for GCT involvement is in the head and neck. Laryngeal involvement is uncommon and accounts for 6 to 10% of all cases reported. Among the major theories of origin and based on the strongest evidence, the most accepted one is that the tumor stems from neuronal tissue. The GCT has a higher incidence in African-descendent patients, and most commonly in their 4th and 6th decades of life. The posterior larynx is the most common laryngeal site. Pediatric laryngeal GCT is rare, anterior subglottis involvement has been described and extensive glottic involvement may occur. Affected patients typically present with hoarseness, dysphagia, cough, haemoptysis, stridor and pain. The GCT presents as a small, firm nodule, sessile or polypoid, with intact mucosa, well outlined but not encapsulated. Cytoplasm granules are typically seen under light microscopy, and the cells are positive for S100 immunoperoxidase and neuron-specific enolase. Treatment of laryngeal GCT is based on surgical excision. This paper describes a pediatric patient with GCT and its clinical course before and after surgical treatment, stressing the importance of GCT diagnosis in the pediatric population. We review clinical course, pathology characteristics and treatment.
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PMID:Granular cell tumor of the larynx in children: a case report. 1908 63

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Fifteen percent of patients are asymptomatic at diagnosis. Symptoms usually indicate advanced disease. Signs include chronic cough, hemoptysis, wheezing, dyspnea, vague chest pain, hoarseness, pleural effusion, cardiac arrhythmias and bone pain. Significant surgical advances have reduced operational mortality rate. Early detection and surgery can increase survival rates for some patients.
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PMID:Lung cancer: the importance of early intervention. 1935 Nov 1


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