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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four months before her death of right heart failure, a 38-year-old woman with a known inoperable echinococcosis of the liver developed fever, increasing eosinophilia and pleuropneumonia. After improvement of the clinical, radiological and laboratory parameters under steroid medication, two months before her death hemoptysis and multifocal perfusion defects in the lung scintigram as a sign of pulmonary embolism occurred, for which heparin therapy was introduced. At autopsy a recurrent embolization due to echinococcus cysts with extensive displacement of the arterial pulmonary blood circulation were found.
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PMID:[Embolization of the lung in echinococcosis (author's transl)]. 41 81

The experience with 45 patients with lung abscess over a three-year period at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, is presented. This study confirms the rarity of this disease among Nigerian children and its prevalence in young adults in the third and fourth decades of life. The most common presenting symptoms were purulent cough, chest pain, fever, and life-threatening hemoptysis which was the sole indication for emergency operation in 14 out of 16 patients who were treated surgically. The predominance of these abscesses in the right lung, especially in the superior segment of the lower lobe, supports the fact that aspiration of infected material, following depressed level of consciousness, esophageal obstruction, foreign bodies, and oral sepsis form the major causative factors in patients with lung abscess. The frequent association of sickle cell disease, bronchiectasis, hypertension, and pulmonary aspergilloma contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality attendant to this disease in our environment. Twenty-nine patients were treated medically with five deaths and 16 patients were treated surgically with six deaths. The high operative mortality (37.5 percent) in this series was due to the extreme emergency conditions under which these patients were operated.
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PMID:Lung abscess: a review of three-years' experience at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. 42 74

Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy may be relatively mild or rapidly fatal. Diagnosis is based on the usual criteria for varicella in association with signs and symptoms of respiratory distress: dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis, with characteristic x-ray findings. Treatment should be directed toward maintaining blood oxygen saturation at as near normal as possible (monitored by serial blood gas determinations). The occurrence of congenital varicella is unpredictable, but an infant born within four days of the mother's development of the varicella skin rash is at high risk, with the outcome being fatal in five percent of cases.
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PMID:Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy. 42 71

The primary purpose of sputum cytology is to detect preinvasive and invasive malignancy. Candidates for the screening procedure include long-time smokers with productive cough, patients chronically exposed to asbestos, patients with hemoptysis, persistent cough and/or weight loss, and asymptomatic patients with x-ray lesions or unexplained pleural effusions. The procedure is inexpensive and highly diagnostic. Five consecutive specimens produced by deep coughing are required for adequate evaluation.
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PMID:Sputum cytology. 43 26

A 28-year-old man who sustained inhalational injury in a house fire developed symptoms of chronic cough and hemoptysis requiring bronchoscopy. Two months after the initial injury, numerous endobronchial polyps were found in the trachea and throughout the bronchial tree. His symptoms have subsequently improved over a six-month period while receiving steroid therapy. To our knowledge, this delayed complication of inhalational burn injury has not been previously reported.
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PMID:Endobronchial polyposis secondary to thermal inhalational injury. 43 3

A case report is presented of a 50-year-old man with severe haemoptysis. The exact source of the bleeding was not known and medical treatment had no effect. Selective angiography of the bronchial arteries showed extravasation of the contrast medium into a bronchus. Embolisation of the bleeding bronchial artery caused the haemoptysis to stop immediately.
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PMID:Treatment of severe haemoptysis by embolisation of the bronchial artery. A case report. 44 95

Over a period of four years, 23 patients had the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary hypertension made on the basis of elevated resting pulmonary arterial pressures above 30 mmHg mean. Clinical features included dyspnea (100%), previous thromboembolism (43%), congestive failure (39%), venous thrombosis (35%), syncope (30%), lung disease (22%), recent trauma (22%), hemoptysis (17%) and precordial pain (17%). Pulmonary angiograms showed embolic occlusion in all but four patients, who were considered to have primary pulmonary hypertension. KimRay-Greenfield((R)) vena caval filters were inserted in 18 patients. Three of them were in refractory shock at the time, and only the one who had successful intraluminal catheter embolectomy survived. These patients have been followed an average of 23 months with two embolic deaths, one from the right atrium and one bypassing a filter misplaced in the right iliac vein (overall mortality 22%). There has been no other known recurrent embolism, but one patient developed hematuria from the filter. The five patients who did not receive a filter have all died after intervals up to 18 months. Recurrent thromboembolism was documented in three and suspected in one patient with known embolic disease who died suddenly. Regardless of etiologic factors, pulmonary hypertension with cor pulmonale is associated with a high incidence of fatal thromboembolism. In our experience, maximal protection is afforded by long-term anticoagulation therapy and the placement of a venacaval filter.
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PMID:KMA-Greenfield filter placement for chronic pulmonary hypertension. 44 9

Haemoptysis occurred in a patient in whom a Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted for the induction of anaesthesia for hemicolectomy. It is suggested that acute pulmonary hypertension, superimposed on existing chronic pulmonary hypertension, superimposed on existing chronic pulmonary hypertension associated with mitral stenosis, was an important aetiological factor in the haemoptysis.
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PMID:Haemoptysis following insertion of a Swan-Ganz catheter. 44 47

Results of transthoracic needle biopsy have been evaluated on the basis of fourteen years experience comprising 5300 procedures on 2726 patients. In 90.7% of the cases a diagnosis was established. Of these, 46.4% showed cytological evidence of primary or secondary malignancy. In 2.4% false positives and in 3% false negatives were noted. The most important complication was found to be pneumothorax, which was noted in 27.2%, but these cases did not as a rule call for treatment. Hemoptysis was observed in 2-5%. There was minor local bleeding around the lesion in 11% of the patients but this only required observation. In one case out of 1264 malignancies an implantation metastasis was found. There was a single case of air embolism with spontaneous recovery, but no mortality in this series. In our experience, needle biopsy represents a minor, inexpensive and safe procedure, which--with a simple technique--permits a direct approach to all kinds of localized lung lesion with a high degree of accuracy.
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PMID:Pulmonary neoplasms diagnosed with transthoracic needle biopsy. 44 49

A patient with a Swan-Ganz catheter developed massive hemoptysis. Injection of radiographic contrast media through the catheter revealed rapid filling of the tracheo-bronchial tree, consistent with direct pulmonary artery-bronchial communication. Development of hemoptysis in a patient with a Swan-Ganz catheter should alert the clinician to this possibility.
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PMID:Pulmonary artery--bronchial fistula: a new complication of Swan-Ganz catheterization. 44 46


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