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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From hemoptyses as main symptom for the admission of patients during 1975 and 1976 in the pulmonary disease department of a parisian hospital, a retrospective study of the causes of hemoptyses is made by the authors. In 18% of the cases, hemoptysis was the unique revealing symptom of the disease. Tuberculosis and cancer are the main causes, but, now, their rate is inverted : 30% for cancer, 21% for tuberculosis, but in addition there are 9% in relation with sequelae of tuberculosis. Among the other causes, bronchiectases keep an important place, just as cardiovasculary diseases. But there is a portion of patients for whom the cause of the hemoptysis cannot be found. As bronchologic and vasculary explorations are developed, this portion of patients will diminish but will not disappear, because mechanisms of hemoptysis will be better explained but not the real cause.
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PMID:[Etiology of hemoptyses]. 21 34

The hemoptysis which occurs following lymphography typically consists of one or more episodes of blood-tinged sputum, and generally requires no treatment. In contradistinction to this "mild" form of hemoptysis, the current report describes a case of hemoptysis following lymphography--hemoptysis so severe as to require multiple transfusions. Time course and possible etiologic factors are discussed.
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PMID:Severe pulmonary hemorrhage following lymphography. 21 20

The authors report two cases of inflammatory pseudotumour of the lung, one discovered by chance in a 15 year old boy and the other following a hemoptysis in a 48 year old man. In both cases, the granuloma was mainly fibroblastic but also included lymphocytes and plasma cells, macrophages and mast cells. The histology, age of onset, the sex and the pulmonary localisations are different for plasma cell granulomas and fibrosing hemangiomas.
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PMID:[Plasma cell granuloma of the lung. Report of two cases (author's transl)]. 21 99

The expression of "destroyed lung" is, now, accepted to designate the large destructions of the lung, secondary to pulmonary and essentially infectious diseases, the cure of which is obtained but with important sequelae. The main cause remains tuberculosis, cured by chemotherapy. Some large pulmonary suppurations, treated by antibiotics, can lead to the same sequelae. These "destroyed lungs" can keep an asymptomatic form. But often, about ten years after the initial disease, they cause several troubles such as progressive dyspnea leading to irreversible respiratory insufficiency, repeated pulmonary infectious episodes and hemoptysis, the risk of which is increased by aspergillosis. The radiological aspect of these "destroyed lungs" is made of opacities with multiple cavities or with one unique large cavity. The mechanism of hemoptysis has been understood recently: all destructive lesion of the pulmonary tissue produces as a consequence a development of the systemic blood circulation, bronchial or parietal, with reverse blood circulation from systemo-pulmonary anastomoses-which can produce capillary dilatations-into the pulmonary artery. All these complications can lead to a surgical treatment. Embolization of bronchial arteries is a less aggressive method when hemoptysis is the main symptom. These acquires "destroyed lungs" can be compared to those caused by extensive pseudokystic bronchiectases. For both cases clinical aspects and therapeutic methods are similar, though the lesions are fixed and likely congenital in the last form.
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PMID:[Destroyed lung (author's transl)]. 22 99

A 23-year-old woman, who had suffered recurrent acute bronchitis, dyspnoea, and stridor, was found to have a tracheal stenosis and complete left main bronchus obstruction. Biopsy of the tumour showed an adenoid cystic carcinoma. After pneumonectomy the trachea was closed through tumour tissue. Two weeks later a right thoracotomy showed that a tumour had invaded the trachea from the carina up to 6 cm and the right stem bronchus for 1 cm. Under extracorporeal circulation 7.5 cm of the trachea and right bronchus were resected. A direct tracheal anastomosis was easy to perform. Spontaneous respiration with efficient coughing returned after five days. Unfortunately, one month later, high fever caused by a lung abscess developed, which provoked a massive haemoptysis with fatal outcome.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left main bronchus and trachea by left pneumonectomy, resection of 7.5 cm of trachea, and direct reanastomosis of right lung. 22 43

Diagnosis of primary cystic disease of the lung is often difficult, and because of this, in non-endemic regions, patients are often referred to the surgeon with an erroneous diagnosis. Clinical signs are completely non-specific. The most common one is hemoptysis; X-rays often fail to confirm hydatic cyst because of the volume, topography, or rupture of the cyst. Biological tests are often of little help. Serological reactions are negative in over one-half of the cases. The advantage of other complementary examinations (bronchiography, bronchoscopy, angiography, echotomography, scintigraphy) including transparietal punctions of the cyst, are discussed in light of the literature.
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PMID:[Primary hydatic cyst of the lung. Diagnostic problems (author's transl)]. 23 76

Patients presenting with hemoptysis frequently have a serious underlying disease. Even when the amount of blood is minimal, thorough investigation is indicated. Since many different types of diseases give rise to bleeding from the respiratory tract, a careful and thorough diagnostic evaluation is indicated. Treatment depends upon the cause of the bleeding. Massive hemoptysis is frightening and requires more rapid assessment. When bleeding is considered to be massive, surgical intervention rather than conservative management yields the best chance of survival.
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PMID:Hemoptysis. 24 28

Five children in remission from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia developed bronchiectasis when on chemotherapy. Persistent collapse or consolidation on chest radiographs was helpful in suggesting the diagnosis. Necropsy established the diagnosis in one child who died of massive haemoptysis when in complete remission, and bronchography confirmed the diagnosis in three. In a further child the diagnosis was based on clinical and chest X-ray findings alone. The surviving children were treated with prophylactic rotating antibiotics. Routine chest radiographs are recommended in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, as bronchiectasis may otherwise be underdiagnosed.
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PMID:Bronchiectasis in acute leukaemia. 27 Mar 86

The clinical, pathological and physiological features of two patients suffering from tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) are described. Unequivocal evidence of extrapulmonary airways obstruction was not able to be obtained by lung function testing, despite extensive central airway involvement in both patients. TO is a rare condition of which there is only one other clinical report from this country. As the bronchoscopic appearance may closely resemble that of endobronchial neoplasms, TO should be remembered in the differential diagnosis of patients with haemoptysis.
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PMID:Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. 28 64

The clinical, laboratory, and pathological features of six primary lymphoproliferative conditions of the lung are described. These comprise two patients with malignant lymphomas, one with pseudolymphoma, one with lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP), one with lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and one with plasma cell granuloma. We recommend that the term 'premalignant lymphoma' be used for pseudolymphoma since the condition, although tending to remain localised, has a malignant potential. A combination of dyspnoea, cough, and pyrexia were the presenting features in our cases of premalignant and malignant lymphoma although they may often be discovered accidentally by chest radiography. The patient with LIP presented with the usual symptoms of dyspnoea and cough. The initial manifestations of the patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis were skin radh and peripheral neuropathy nine months before the pulmonary symptoms, a not unusual occurrence. Plasma cell granuloma is often asymptomatic but our patient presented with cough, chest pain, haemoptysis. Premalignant lymphoma tends to pursue a benign course although exceptionally it may become disseminated. Malignant lymphoma may remain localised for many years but a significant proportion metastasise. Lymphomatoid granulomatosis and LIP have a varied course but both may terminate in malignant lymphoma. Plasma cell granuloma is always benign. The interrelationships of these conditions and their differential diagnosis are discussed.
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PMID:Primary lymphoproliferative conditions of lung. 30 83


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