Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Autopsy or surgical specimens from six patients with primary cardiac angiosarcoma seen at the Mayo Clinic (all in men) between 1939 and 1988 were studied (patients' ages, 31 to 80 years; mean 50 years). The symptoms were nonspecific and included dyspnea and thoracoabdominal pain in six; anorexia in five; fatigue, hemoptysis, or orthopnea in four; nausea and vomiting, fever, or weight loss in three; and night sweats in two. Cardiomegaly was present in five, and a pericardial effusion or density, a mass adjacent to the heart, or nonspecific ST-T wave changes were present in three. All six neoplasms arose from the right atrium and exhibited epicardial or endocardial extension; three produced obstructive intracavitary right atrial masses. Pulmonary metastatic lesions were noted in five patients. The cardiac neoplasm was diagnosed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in the three most recent patients, and surgical resection was performed in two of them. Mean survival was 6 months after presentation. Causes of death were pulmonary hemorrhage in three, thoracic metastasis in two, and hemopericardium in one. The diagnosis of primary cardiac angiosarcoma was established at operation in two patients and at autopsy in four. Despite diagnosis by noninvasive imaging procedures and aggressive early surgical intervention, survival was less than 6 months. Thus optimal therapy is unclear.
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PMID:Primary cardiac angiosarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. 154 8

A 46-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on Mar. 16, 1988 with the chief complaint of productive cough. The chest roentgenogram and tomogram showed a tumorous shadow in the right upper lobe, accompanied with stenosis of the trachea and the right main bronchus. Bronchofiberscopic examination confirmed a nodular tumor protruding into the lower part of the trachea from the right lateral wall and nearly complete obstruction of the right main bronchus. Pathological specimen obtained by transbronchial biopsy revealed "low differentiated adenocarcinoma". It was highly suspected that the primary lung cancer had directly invaded the trachea and the right main bronchus. His symptoms and roentgenological findings remarkably improved after radiation therapy. He was discharged on May 12. On Sep. 14, he was admitted to our hospital again because of hoarseness, general fatigue and increasing dyspnea. The chest CT demonstrated severe stenosis of the trachea, which was treated with another radiation therapy. Although his symptoms diminished, he had a sudden onset of high fever on Oct. 15. Immediately a blood culture and transtracheal aspiration (TTA) were performed. Gram-negative bacilli were isolated from the blood culture four days later. The administration of fosfomycin and tobramycin was started. However he died because of massive hemoptysis on Oct. 23. Several days after the death, an isolated strain was identified as Capnocytophaga ochracea by the biochemical characteristics. Culture of sputum obtained by TTA was negative for Capnocytophaga ochracea. Septicemia due to Capnocytophaga spp. is very rare and only one case (due to Capnocytophaga sputigena) has been reported until now in Japan. Our patient is thought to be the first case of septicemia due to Capnocytophaga ochracea in Japan.
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PMID:[A case of septicemia due to Capnocytophaga ochracea beginning post radiation therapy for lung cancer]. 235 15

Fifty-three patients with recurrent and advanced stage (III and IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide (VP-16-213), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (BEP). Forty-eight patients were appraisable for response. The response rates were 44% for the entire group, 57% in 30 patients with combined squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma, and 22% in 18 patients with adenocarcinoma (40%, 50%, and 19%, respectively, if patients not appraisable for response are included as nonresponders). The median survival time of patients with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma was slightly longer than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (23 weeks v 19 weeks). Patients with responsive disease survived significantly longer (median, 34 weeks) than did patients with unresponsive disease (median, 16 weeks) (P = .001). In the entire group, the median survival time of patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 was better (23 weeks) than of those with a status of 2 or 3 (15 weeks), but this difference was not seen in the subgroup with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma (24 weeks v 23 weeks, respectively). Thus, the performance status was not of prognostic value in the histologic subgroups experiencing the best response rate. There were two treatment-related deaths, but otherwise the toxicity of BEP was acceptable. Only four of the 119 treatment cycles were followed by fever even though there was significant neutropenia (0.5 X 10(9)/L) after 20 of 97 treatment cycles. The majority of patients receiving BEP experienced relief of cough, hemoptysis, pain, and fatigue associated with their disease. There was a good correlation between objective responses and palliation of symptoms. Thus, BEP offers good palliation, particularly for patients with squamous-cell and large-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. 241 9

Ninety-six patients with inoperable carcinoma of the bronchus were entered into a prospective study of the effectiveness of palliative radiotherapy. The median survival of the group as a whole was 38 weeks. Major symptoms such as cough, dyspnoea and haemoptysis were well controlled at 3 months and 6 months follow-up. There was no significant effect on performance status. Dysphagia and tiredness occurred in 81% of patients, but were classed as mild in 41% and 47% respectively, lasting less than 4 weeks in 86%. There was no correlation between the radiotherapy dose received and symptom control. Fourteen per cent of patients were dead within approximately 3 months of treatment and were unlikely to have benefited from therapy. Careful selection of patients for palliative radiotherapy is recommended.
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PMID:An evaluation of the palliative role of radiotherapy in inoperable carcinoma of the bronchus. 245 77

Elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure may be secondary to many diseases of the lungs, chest wall, and heart. From a pathophysiologic viewpoint, pulmonary hypertension is secondary to vascular obstruction, vasoactivity, increased circulation, and passive forces. Clinically, the entities that result in secondary pulmonary hypertension present with a picture that identifies the primary disease. Patients with primary pulmonary hypertension may be difficult to identify. Pulmonary hypertension may present early with dyspnea and fatigue, while syncope and hemoptysis are late symptoms. In many instances, pulmonary hypertension can be diagnosed utilizing physical examination and noninvasive tests. Eventually, right heart catheterization is necessary to confirm the diagnosis and to monitor trials of therapy with vasodilators. Treatment may be specific (closure of a septal defect, thromboendarterectomy) or generic (vasodilators). These have been used recently for both secondary and primary pulmonary hypertension in an effort to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance, thereby decreasing right ventricular afterload and improving cardiac output and oxygen delivery. The success of these treatments has not been demonstrated.
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PMID:Pulmonary hypertension: etiology and clinical evaluation. 333 61

This study represents the examination of 14 primary, malignant pleural tumours--10 mesotheliomas and 4 sarcomas--in respect of the radiological appearance and clinical signs and symptoms. The presentation was widely different in the mesothelioma patients: 3 presented the radiological image of a mantle-like apicocaudal callosity. In 3 patients and extrapulmonary space-occupying growth was seen; one case presented with an interlobar effusion. Pleural effusion was additionally present in 6 cases. Of the 4 sarcoma patients, 3 presented with an intrapulmonary space-occupying growth and one only with an extrapulmonary lesion. Pleural effusion was definitely seen in 2 patients with pleural sarcoma. Therapy-resistant refractory thoracic pain was the principal clinical sign. Other symptoms were not so frequent, such as loss of body weight, tiredness, dyspnoea, hemoptysis and cough.
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PMID:[Primary malignant tumors of the pleura]. 372 17

Every time the tuberculosis is present and it is to be included in the differentialdiagnosis if the occasion arrises. In the anamnesis it is necessary to pay attention to specific diseases and the risk groups like patients with "21-day-cough", silicotics, "Contrast-articularis bronchitics", diabetics, so-called "persons with fibrotic lesions" and patients with frequent influenzal infections. The symptoms unclear gastric distress, want of appetite, indifferent loss in weight, uneasiness, slight vertigo and fast tiredness already give further references. Breath-pain, haemoptysis and subfebrile temperatures are already severe symptoms. A thorax X ray-photograph, tuberculin test, heamogram, sedimentation test and intensive search for mycobacteria, belong to the diagnosis. In extrapulmonary foci the search for mycobacteria is to try by swab, puncture, control of urine and menstrual blood. It is possible, that a histologic corroboration will be necessary. Unclear fever, headache and vomiting with or without dyspnoea, cyanosis and diaphragmatic lowness indicate a ocular reflection, liver biopsy and, in special case, a lumbar puncture without delay. Sooner or later the course of an unrecognized phthisis can result in death. It is necessary to fill up the gap between welltime diagnosis and death by unknown tuberculosis. That means: Thorough knowledge of matter, insight into the disease-course and inducement of all necessary diagnostic possibilities.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and course of tuberculosis especially from the viewpoint of clinically unknown deaths]. 407 12

A 49-year-old man was admitted because of general fatigue, cough and hematuria. During the hospital course, acute renal failure, hemoptysis and dyspnea developed. A percutaneous renal biopsy revealed a diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis, and direct immunofluorescence showed a linear pattern of IgG along the glomerular basement membrane. Although serum anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibody was not detected. Goodpasture's-like syndrome was suspected, and methylprednisolone pulse therapy and plasmapheresis were administered. Concomitantly, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was instituted because of deterioration in respiratory status due to a severe pulmonary hemorrhage despite maximal ventilatory support. Temporarily, the patient improved and ECMO was discontinued. ECMO may be a useful therapeutic support for hypoxia resulting from pulmonary hemorrhage in Goodpasture's syndrome (GPS) and Goodpasture's-like syndrome.
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PMID:Goodpasture's-like syndrome and effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support. 800 Jan 12

We identified eight patients (six women and two men) who had pulmonary infiltrates during treatment with minocycline hydrochloride between 1989 and 1992 in French referral centers for drug-induced pulmonary diseases. Clinical files, chest roentgenograms, computed tomographic scans, pulmonary function, and bronchoalveolar lavage data were reviewed. Minocycline treatment was given for acne (n = 4), genital infection (n = 3), and Lyme disease (n = 1). The duration of treatment averaged 13 +/- 5 days (mean +/- SE); the total dose, 2060 +/- 540 mg. Patients presented with dyspnea (n = 8), fever (n = 7), dry cough (n = 5), hemoptysis (n = 1), chest pain (n = 2), fatigue (n = 3), and rash (n = 3). Chest roentgenograms showed bilateral infiltrates in all cases. Pulmonary function was measured in five patients; four had airflow obstruction and two had mild restriction. Blood gas tests demonstrated hypoxemia in seven patients (58 +/- 3 mmHg). Seven patients had blood eosinophilia (1.76 +/- 0.2 x 10(9)/L). Bronchoalveolar lavage (performed in seven patients) showed an increased proportion of eosinophils (0.30 +/- 0.07). The Cd4+/CD8+ ratio was determined in four cases and was low in three. Transbronchial lung biopsy, performed in two patients, showed interstitial pneumonitis in both patients, with marked infiltration by eosinophils in one patient. The outcome was favorable in all patients. Because of severe symptoms, steroid therapy was required in three patients. Rechallenge was not attempted. We conclude that minocycline can induce the syndrome of pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia, that presenting symptoms may be severe and may culminate in transient respiratory failure, and that the disease has a favorable prognosis.
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PMID:Minocycline pneumonitis and eosinophilia. A report on eight patients. 803 Dec 12

A 25-year-old man suffering from sudden onset of haemoptysis after 1 week of orthopnoea, fatigue and general weakness was admitted to a cardiology department in Vienna. No diagnosis was made. Four weeks later cardiopulmonary resuscitation and pericardiocentesis were necessary because of cardiac tamponade. Although all modern imaging procedures were performed, a diagnosis of rapidly progressive primary cardiac angiosarcoma could not be established. Definitive diagnosis was established only after exploratory median sternotomy. The patient exhibited no response to chemotherapy. He died 5 days after surgery as a result of respiratory failure.
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PMID:Cardiac angiosarcoma--a diagnostic dilemma. 807 21


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