Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the usefulness of percutaneous instillation of antifungal agents for treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma. The subjects were six patients, four males and two females, with a mean age of 69 years (range, 45 to 90 years). In all cases, radiography revealed a fungus ball or thickened cavity wall in residual tuberculous cavities. The patients had clinical symptoms including hemoptysis, fever, cough and sputum, and most of them showed severe emaciation, anemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypoxia. Miconazole or fluconazole was instilled through an indwelling catheter inserted percutaneously into the cavity from the anterior chest wall or parascapular region under fluoroscopic observation. After treatment with a total dose of 610 to 2070 mg over a period of 6 to 18 weeks, clinical symptoms were diminished in all patients and radiographic findings were improved in five. Furthermore, Aspergillus fumigatus, which had been isolated from sputum samples of three patients, was eradicated. According to evaluation of the overall therapeutic effects, this therapy was considered to be effective in five patients, giving an efficacy rate of 83%. No recurrence has been detected in six patients during a mean follow-up of 13 months after treatment. Since percutaneous instillation involves less pain and stress than other kinds of
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PMID:[Usefulness of percutaneous instillation of antifungal agents for pulmonary aspergilloma]. 788 95

The case of a 25-year-old male agricultural laborer with HIV infection and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is described, whose radiological lesions simulated pulmonary tuberculosis. He presented with loss of weight and appetite of 6 months' duration, cough with expectoration and minimal hemoptysis for 2 months, chest pain, diarrhea with fever, and odonophasia for 1 month. He had received antitubercular treatment (rifampicin 450 mg and isoniazid 300 mg) 2 months prior to admission. He had been promiscuous, having had multiple sexual contacts with prostitutes. General examination demonstrated marked emaciation, pallor, dyspnea, and oral candidiasis. Auscultation indicated fine medium pitched crackles in both infraclavicular regions. Blood for ELISA and immunocomb test were positive for HIV-1 antibodies. Hemogram revealed Hb 6 gm%, and TLC with polymorphs 63%, lymphocytes 30%, eosinophils 5%, and basophils 2%. The total lymphocyte count was 2100/cu. mm. Chest roentgenography revealed bilateral diffuse homogenous infiltrative lesions involving both lungs, with evidence of multiple bilateral cavitation. Therapy included antitubercular treatment with ethambutol, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide, along with Gentian violet mouth paint and ketoconazole orally, 200 mg bid. The patient developed progressive respiratory distress and died on the 7th day after admission. Limited autopsy of both lungs showed foamy eosinophilic material filling the alveolar space, and Grocett's methenamine silver staining showed cyst walls of P. carinii as black. There was no evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. In the present case, the diagnosis of PCP should have been kept in mind to increase median survival time (25.9 vs. 12.6 months without treatment) with the treatment of choice of trimethoprim plus sulphamethoxizole in doses of 20 and 100 mg/kg/day. Early diagnosis and treatment will improve the mean survival time in cases of PCP with HIV infection.
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PMID:Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia simulating as pulmonary tuberculosis in AIDS. 901 80

We evaluated the cause of death in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who died within one year after diagnosing as tuberculosis. Of 325 bacillary patients during the past seven years, 43 (13.2%) died within one year. Twenty-three patients (53.5%) died directly of tuberculosis. In this group, 13 patients died in emaciation state. Most of them were aged and under a poor nutritional condition. Some patients died in spite of improvement of tuberculosis. The fact indicates the need to detect tuberculosis as early as possible in elderly persons, and treatment should be initiated immediately. Eight patients died of respiratory failure and their chest X-ray film showed wade-spread tuberculosis. Seven of the patients died in spite of initiating treatment within one month after the onset of symptoms. This fact suggests the importance of regular check up by chest X-ray to detect tuberculosis early. Two patients died of massive hemoptysis. They had an episode of bloody sputum and the laboratory examination showed anemia. On the other hand, 20 patients died due to coexisting diseases unrelated to tuberculosis. Ten patients died of malignant diseases and most of them were lung cancer. Two patients died of hepatic failure possibly caused by the adverse reaction of TB chemotherapy. The interval between the onset of the treatment and death was less than a month, and the fact suggests the need to observe carefully for adverse reactions especially in the early stage of treatment.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation on causes of death in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who died within one year after diagnosing as TB]. 929 13

We studied the causes of death in 295 patients (mean (+/- SD) age 70.5 +/- 13.2 y.o.) with active non-MDR pulmonary tuberculosis who died in our hospital between 1991 and 1999. A hundred and twenty eight patients (43.4%, group A) died of tuberculosis, while 167 patients (56.6%) of other accompanying diseases. In 46 patients of the latter (15.6%, group B), pulmonary tuberculosis gave an unfavorable impact on their clinical course. In these patients the extent of pulmonary tuberculosis on chest roentgenograph was similar with the remaining 121 patients who also died of the accompanying diseases (41.0%, group C) and was less severe than those of the group A patients. Their nutritional conditions measured by serum albumin and choline-esterase level on admission, however, were as low as those of the group A patients and distinctly worse than those of the group C patients. Most patients of groups A and B died within 3 months after admission, while less than half patients of group C died during the same period. The age frequency distribution of the patients in groups B and C had a single peak in the age group 70 to 89, while that in group A showed two peaks, one similar peak as in groups B and C, and another peak in the age group 50 to 59. The numbers of homeless patients, of the patients with extensive cavitary lesions, and of the patients who died of ARDS (Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) or severe pneumothorax in group A were the most also in the age group 50 to 59, indicating that the patients' delay in admitting to hospitals was the major cause of high motality in this age group. As to detailed causes of death in group A, patients died of respiratory failure (32 cases), emaciation (28 cases), progression of pulmonary tuberculosis (20 cases), ARDS (15 cases), tuberculosis-related diseases such as pneumothorax, hemoptysis, and DIC (24 cases). In groups B and C patients died of organ failure (36 cases), infectious diseases (33 cases) and malignancy (30 cases). The total number of died patients has increased, and the proportion of cases dying of ARDS and infectious diseases has increased statistically significantly recently.
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PMID:[The causes of death in patients with non-MDR pulmonary tuberculosis in our hospital]. 1121 78