Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Symptoms, clinical findings and pulmonary function in 47 patients with tracheobronchomalacia were compared with the bronchoscopic finding. The main symptoms were phlegm, cough, and dyspnoea. Recurrent respiratory infections and haemoptysis were features of the recent medical history. Only 30% had emphysema, and cor pulmonale in the ECG was uncommon. A notch in FEV1 was seen in 25 patients (54%), against 3 (6%) in the controls. FVC, FEV1/FIV1 and notch in FEV1 were directly proportionate to the severity of the malacia. A low FEV1/FIV1 and notch in FEV1 are suggestive of tracheobronchomalacia and an indication for bronchoscopy.
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PMID:Acquired tracheobronchomalacia. A clinical study with bronchological correlations. 61 23

In a prospective study of 6,027 older men screened every six months for ten years by means of chest photofluorograms and questionnaires regarding symptoms, 121 developed lung cancer after the first examination. Eighty-five men with lung cancer had the opportunity to be screened eight times before the tumor was detected by chest x-ray film, but only 33 actually reported that often. These 33 men were compared with matched controls for symptoms before the neoplasm was detected radiologically. The common symptoms of expectoration and chronic cough showed a significant increase in frequency over time in the cases of cancer, while only expectoration showed a slight increase in the controls. Uncommon symptoms more suggestive of lung cancer (hemoptysis and worsening cough) occurred in only four men prior to detection of cancer. Symptoms are seldom useful in the detection of occult lung cancer, but the appearance of expectoration and chronic cough in older male smokers should raise a suspicion of this disease.
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PMID:The Philadelphia Pulmonary Neoplasm Research Project. Symptoms in occult lung cancer. 62 May 58

The patient was a 60-year-old white male who, for 18 months, had complained of a substernal wheeze on exertion, exertional dyspnoea and cough, and attacks of acute respiratory distress. There was no haemoptysis or dyshpagia and he was treated for bronchial asthma until bronchoscopy revealed the tumour which had not been recognized in plain chest films. He showed no evidence of a neurofibromatosis and apart from reduction in pulmonary function tests on a PO2 of 74, his laboratory tests were negative. There was no family history of neurofibromatosis. He underwent thoracotomy and a smooth rounded pedunculated tumour, 2.5 cm in diameter, arising from the posterior wall of the trachea, 3 cm above the carina was excised. He has had no tumour recurrence.
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PMID:Solitary neurofibroma of the trachea. 63 Jan 92

Intralobar pulmonary sequestration signifies an abnormal and non-aerated mass in the lung, supplied by a systemic artery. Twelve cases are submitted, 10 treated by surgery and two conservatively. There was a male preponderance 11:1, and half the patients were over 25 years. In 66% the abnormality was situated basally on the left side A definite diagnosis can be made only by arteriography, visualizing the number, site, and size of the anomalous vessel(s). Clinically, the symptoms may range from no symptoms at all (four of the present patients) to recurrent pneumonia, cough, and haemoptysis (five of the present patients). In two patients the excised tissue showed epithelial proliferations, tumourlets and slight epithelial dysplasia, but no manifest malignancy. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment for intrapulmonary sequestration. In "silent" cases it is felt justified to apply conservative treatment should primary surgery be contra-indicated.
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PMID:Intralobar pulmonary sequestration. A report of 12 cases. 65 24

52 persons with bronchial carcinoma found by reason of complaints by the Chest Clinic were critically evaluated. Cough, hemoptysis and thoracic pain are of the first place in the range of frequency of complaints caused by the tumour. The time elapsing between the onset of the troubles to the first medical visit and from this consultation to the hospital admission was analysed. The complaints were existing more than 4 weeks in nearly half of all patient before they went to a physician. The causes of delay are discussed. The necessity of immediate x-ray examination of persons in the age endangered by cancer is emphasized if complaints suspicious to carcinoma especially the three symptoms mentioned above persisting more than three weeks inspite of treatment. For that purpose the personal conversation with persons from risk groups and continuous cooperation with other physicians in the territory are important.
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PMID:[Detections of cases of bronchial carcinoma by reason of complaints and analysis of the times of delay (author's transl)]. 72 36

Major fracture of the intrathoracic airway following closed chest trauma is a potentially lethal injury which can be repaired successfully if the diagnosis is made early, Cough, dyspnea cyanosis, hemoptysis, mediastinal emphysema, or pneumothorax not responding to drainage via intercostal tube and a deterioration of the patient's clinical condition out of proportion to the apparent closed chest injury, should alert the clinician to the possiblity of this entity. This report describes the findings in a patient with a longitudinal disruption of the entire intrathoracic trachea and the findings in a second patient with complete transection of the right main bronchus. Each was repaired primarily, with eventual recovery, The principles of management of this difficult group of injuries are reviewed.
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PMID:Major airway injury in closed chest trauma. 87 56

In a series of 2150 patients subjected to bronchoscopy 94 (4.5%) were found to have tracheobronchomalacia. Tracheomalacia alone was diagnosed in 21 patients (22%), tracheobronchomalacia in 59 (63%) and bronchomalacia alone in 14 (15%). Mild malacic changes were noted in 44 patients (47%), moderate in 38 (40.5%) and severe in 12 (12.5%). The main symptoms were dyspnoea (63%), chronic cough with expectoration (49%) and haemoptysis (33%), and the most frequent concurrent diseases chronic bronchitis (53%), bronchial cancer (27.5%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (19%). Bronchoscopy performed under local anaesthesia enabled the dynamics of the tracea and bronchi to be observed during spontaneous breathing and during coughing, and it is the best available diagnostic procedure. Histologically the number of longitudinal elastic fibres in the pars membranacea was clearly reduced throughout the whole tracheal area in one patient with tracheomalacia but no differences were found in the amount of collagen, mucopolysaccharides and elastin in the cartilages of trachea and bronchi. This disease seems to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis, and it apparently shares the same aetiological factors.
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PMID:Acquired tracheobronchomalacia. 88 58

Two patients with chemical pneumonitis secondary to inhalation of an epoxy curing material used in the coating of pipes had similar patterns of cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea associated with diffuse bilateral alveolar infiltrates shortly following the exposure. Pulmonary function studies showed a volume-restrictive defect with severe hypoxemia, but an elevated diffusing capacity. All lung function studies returned toward normal within 1 month of exposure. One patient underwent an open lung biopsy which showed changes consistent with a nonspecific injury to the alveolar wall. This epoxy curing material, trimellitic anhydride, represents another cause of diffuse lung injury that can result in pulmonary edema.
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PMID:Chemical pneumonitis secondary to inhalation of epoxy pipe coating. 88 55

The clinical records of 7 patients referred to the National Jewish Hospital and Research Center over a 6-year period for evaluation of an abnormal chest x-ray and repeated sputum isolates of rapidly growing mycobacteria (Runyon's Group IV) were reviewed to determine the potential pathogenicity of these organisms. Mycobacterium fortuitum was isolated from 5 patients and Mycobacterium chelonei from 2. Haemoptysis, cough and weight loss were prominent in 6. Three had rheumatoid arthritis. Although two demonstrated cutaneous anergy, lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA was normal. PPD-F was not useful in skin testing or in the in vitro evaluation of lymphocyte function. Histologic examination of the lungs of 2 patients demonstrated caseating granulomata. One patient died of massive pulmonary haemorrhage soon after intiation of therapy. Multi-drug treatment regimens generally resulted in progressive sterilization of the sutum and improvement in the appearance of the chest x-ray. We conclude that some rapidly growing mycobacteria can cause potentially fatal cavitary lung disease and that intensive anti-tuberculosis therapy may successfully alter its course.
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PMID:The pathogenicity of Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium chelonei in man: a report of seven cases. 94

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the trachea is rare. Its occurence in a 14-year-old boy is reported here. This case illustrates the typical course of tracheal tumors with clinical manifestations of cough, wheezing, and hemoptysis, the intially reported normal chest roentgenogram, and the common failure to diagnose tracheal tumor for several months. Early use of tomographic studies and bronchoscopic examination in any person with recent onset of airway obstruction unresponsive to bronchodilator therapy is recommended.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid tumor of trachea. 100 Oct 60


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