Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The experience with 45 patients with lung abscess over a three-year period at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, is presented. This study confirms the rarity of this disease among Nigerian children and its prevalence in young adults in the third and fourth decades of life. The most common presenting symptoms were purulent cough, chest pain, fever, and life-threatening hemoptysis which was the sole indication for emergency operation in 14 out of 16 patients who were treated surgically. The predominance of these abscesses in the right lung, especially in the superior segment of the lower lobe, supports the fact that aspiration of infected material, following depressed level of consciousness, esophageal obstruction, foreign bodies, and oral sepsis form the major causative factors in patients with lung abscess. The frequent association of sickle cell disease, bronchiectasis, hypertension, and pulmonary aspergilloma contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality attendant to this disease in our environment. Twenty-nine patients were treated medically with five deaths and 16 patients were treated surgically with six deaths. The high operative mortality (37.5 percent) in this series was due to the extreme emergency conditions under which these patients were operated.
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PMID:Lung abscess: a review of three-years' experience at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. 42 74

Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy may be relatively mild or rapidly fatal. Diagnosis is based on the usual criteria for varicella in association with signs and symptoms of respiratory distress: dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis, with characteristic x-ray findings. Treatment should be directed toward maintaining blood oxygen saturation at as near normal as possible (monitored by serial blood gas determinations). The occurrence of congenital varicella is unpredictable, but an infant born within four days of the mother's development of the varicella skin rash is at high risk, with the outcome being fatal in five percent of cases.
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PMID:Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy. 42 71

The primary purpose of sputum cytology is to detect preinvasive and invasive malignancy. Candidates for the screening procedure include long-time smokers with productive cough, patients chronically exposed to asbestos, patients with hemoptysis, persistent cough and/or weight loss, and asymptomatic patients with x-ray lesions or unexplained pleural effusions. The procedure is inexpensive and highly diagnostic. Five consecutive specimens produced by deep coughing are required for adequate evaluation.
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PMID:Sputum cytology. 43 26

Broncholithiasis, associated most frequently with tuberculosis and histoplasmosis, usually presents with acute onset of cough and hemoptysis. Visible stones are coughed up in fewer cases than was previously believed. The disease may be accompanied by obstructive symptoms, bronchiectasis, and occasional fistula formation into either the esophagus or the aorta. The prognosis of these patients is generally excellent; however, a significant number require surgery because of persistent symptoms or a complication of the disease.
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PMID:Broncholithiasis: current concepts of an ancient disease. 47 54

In this retrospective study of 115 cases of histoplasmids, there were 66 male and 49 female patients ranging in age from 2 months to 79 years. The most common presenting symptoms were cough, chest pain, wheezing, weight loss, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath. Thirty-five patients (30%) were asymptomatic. Two patients had manifestations of obstruction of the superior vena cava. Radiologic findings simulated carcinoma, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and viral infections. Sixty-five patients had various operative proceudres, such as lung biopsy, wedge resection, lobectomy, pneumonectomy, resection of lymph node, and bypass of superior vena cava, for diagnosis and treatment. There were two deaths and two postoperative complications. A total of 15 patients received intravenous amphotericin B. Four patients with pneumonic infiltrates developed disseminated histoplasmosis.
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PMID:Histoplasmosis: clinical manifestations and surgical management. 47 35

A case is presented of a 55-year-old woman with fever, cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis. A chest x-ray showed a large mass in the right upper lobe of the lung. Bronchoscopy and bronchial biopsies revealed malignant melanoma of the bronchus. Careful search of all common sites for melanoma and the histological examinations of the two skin lesions failed to substantiate the possibility of an extrapulmonary origin and, thus, by deduction it can be assumed with some certainty that this lesion is primary bronchial melanoma.Total pneumonectomy, when there is no evidence of extrapulmonary extension, coupled with adjuvant chemotherapy seem to offer a chance of cure.The patient presented is the first reported case of primary malignant melanoma of the bronchus from the University College Hospital, Ibadan, and perhaps the first reported case in a Nigerian.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the bronchus. 48 Mar 95

A four-year experience with transtracheal aspiration was reviewed in order to determine those patients at risk for developing life-threatening complications. One hundred procedures were performed by at least 20 different physicians trained according to an established protocol. Complications were limited to minimal subcutaneous emphysema in 19 percent (10/52), pneumomediastinum in 3 percent (3/93), and gross but self-limited hemoptysis in 1 percent (one patient); occasional unifocal premature ventricular contractions were noted in one patient. We conclude that patients not at risk of developing life-threatening complications from transtracheal aspiration can be identified. They (1) are able to cooperate and have a clearly identifiable and normal cricothyroid membrane, (2) have the procedure performed only by well-trained or supervised physicians, (3) have an arterial oxygen pressure of at least 70 mm Hg with administration of supplemental oxygen, and (4) have a prothrombin activity of at least 65 percent of the control value or a normal bleeding time or a platelet count of at least 100,000/cu mm. To minimize subcutaneous emphysema or pneumomediastinum, no patient should have therapy with intermittent positive-pressure breathing or any other procedure that might induce coughing for the subsequent 24 hours.
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PMID:Transtracheal aspiration. Guidelines for safety. 49 22

Seven young men developed acute pulmonary hemorrhage and edema from the inhalation of powder or fumes of a bisphenol epoxy resin containing tri-mellitic anhydride (TMA) while working in a steel pipe-coating plant. The illness was characterized by cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, fever, weakness and nausea or vomiting. Chest roentgenograms showed either a bilateral or unilateral pulmonary infiltrate. All patients had a normochromic type of anemia. Pulmonary function studies demonstrated a restrictive defect, hypoxemia, and increased A-a DO2 gradients. Light and electron microscopic studies of lung tissue revealed extensive bleeding into alveoli but no basement membrane deposits were seen and no antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies were detected. The patients improved quickly without treatment. Follow-up studies of six patients three weeks to one year after their illness revealed apparent recovery. A detailed medical survey carried out on all 29 workers currently employed in the plant revealed five additional men had experienced severe recurrent pulmonary problems.
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PMID:Pulmonary hemorrhage and edema due to inhalation of resins containing tri-mellitic anhydride. 49 27

A questionnaire was applied by Government Health Visitors in Hong Kong to 201 consecutive patients with smear-positive, and 199 with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis who were attending one of the 7 full-time Government chest clinics for the first time on account of their current illness. Information was obtained about the symptoms of the disease and its diagnosis and management outside the Government service, and about patients' knowledge and attitudes towards the Government service. Among the 343 patients who sought treatment because of respiratory symptoms, the first symptom for the great majority (81 %) was cough, 15 % having sputum and 27 % haemoptysis as well. However, treatment was sought by only 15 % because of cough alone, compared with 40 % because of haemoptysis. Most patients (76 %) attended their first source of treatment or investigation within a month of the onset of symptoms, but some allowed long delays, and only 35 % attended a Government chest clinic within a month (whether this was the first source of treatment or not). The first source attended was a private practitioner for 53 % of the patients, another private medical establishment for 4 %, a Government chest clinic for only 11 % and another Government medical establishment for 17 %, 9 % went first to a herbalist and 5 % went to a drug store or treated themselves. The delays between the patients' first attendance at a source of treatment and their first attendance at a Government clinic were important, because outside the Government chest clinics only 49 % were investigated by chest radiograph and only 7 % by sputum bacteriology. Only 33 % were even suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis, and many were correspondingly inadequately treated. The patients were, in general, ill informed about the Government chest clinic service; 52 % did not know, before their current illness, of the existence of the service, only 9 % knew that it was free, and only 12 % that it specialised in the management of tuberculosis. This study thus revealed a need to educate the public about the symptoms of tuberculosis, and about the possibility of their being investigated and treated, free, in a Government chest clinic.
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PMID:The symptoms of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and patients' attitudes to the disease and to its treatment in Hong Kong. 54 7

A 35-year old man with cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea was found to have diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and iron-laden macrophages in the sputum. Pulmonary siderosis was confirmed by transbronchial biopsy. An associated hypochromic anemia required frequent transfusion. Though marrow iron stores were absent, reticulocytosis was maintained. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in cessation of hemoptysis, clearing of the pulmonary infiltration, and a substantial reduction in transfusion requirement. Splenectomy was of no benefit. The patient developed cerebral symptoms with seizures, and rapid deterioration led to cerebral symptoms with seizures, and rapid deterioration led to death. Disseminated hemangiosarcoma was found at autopsy. Steroid responsiveness of the associated pulmonary siderosis suggests that it had an immune basis.
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PMID:Angiosarcoma with pulmonary siderosis and persistent reticulocytosis. Steroid responsiveness suggests an immune basis. 56 58


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