Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to construct a multivariate model for predicting early recurrence and cancer death for patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer, 271 consecutive patients (mean age, 63 +/- 8 years) who were diagnosed, treated, and followed at one institution were studied. All patients were clinical stage I with head and chest/abdominal computed tomograms and radionuclide bone scans without evidence of metastatic disease. Pathological material after resection was reviewed to verify histological staging. Follow-up documented the time and location of any recurrence, was a median 56 months in duration, and was complete in all cases. Data recorded included age, sex, smoking history, presenting symptoms, pathological description, and oncoprotein staining for erbB-2 (HER-2/neu), p53, and KI-67 proliferation protein. Immunohistochemistry of oncogene expression was performed on two separate archived paraffin tumor blocks for each patient, with normal lung as control. All analyses were blinded and included Kaplan-Meier survival estimates with Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Data, including immunohistochemistry, were complete for all 271 patients. Actual 5-year survival was 63% and actuarial 10-year survival was 58%. Significant univariate predictors (P < 0.05) of early recurrence and cancer-death were: male sex; the presence of symptoms; chest pain; type of cough; hemoptysis; tumor size > 3 cm diameter (T2); poor differentiation; vascular invasion; erbB-2 expression; p53 expression; and a higher KI-67 proliferation index (> 5%). An additive oncogene expression curve demonstrated a 5-year survival of 72% for 136 patients without p53 or erbB-2, 58% for 108 patients who expressed either oncogene, and 38% for 27 who expressed both (P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A prognostic model of recurrence and death in stage I non-small cell lung cancer utilizing presentation, histopathology, and oncoprotein expression. 780 40

Middle lobe syndrome (MLS) is an uncommon lung disorder involving the right middle lobe and/or lingula and is characterized by a spectrum of clinical and pathological lesions ranging from recurrent atelectasis or pneumonias to bronchiectasis. Despite several series reporting the clinical features of MLS, histopathological descriptions are rare. We reviewed the clinical characteristics and pathological findings in 21 patients with MLS who underwent surgical resections. Six male and 15 female patients between the ages of 5 and 80 years (mean, 47 years) were studied. All patients were symptomatic and complained of chronic cough (8), hemoptysis (6), chest pain (4), dyspnea (3), or fever (2). The right middle lobe was involved in 11 patients, the lingula in four patients, and both right middle lobe and lingula in six patients. Chest radiographs, bronchograms, and/or computed tomography scans were available for review in 19 patients and showed consolidation (8), bronchiectasis (9), patchy infiltrates (5), and atelectasis (4) in various combinations. Pathological findings included bronchiectasis in 10 patients, chronic bronchitis/bronchiolitis with lymphoid hyperplasia in seven, patchy organizing pneumonia in six, atelectasis in five, granulomatous inflammation in five, and abscess formation in four. Three patients with granulomatous inflammation had associated atypical mycobacterial infection. Broncholithiasis was confirmed by pathological examination in one patient. No pathological cause for bronchial obstruction was identified in the remaining 20 patients, although one was thought to have had broncholithiasis on the basis of preoperative bronchoscopy. The presence of bronchiectasis, bronchitis or bronchiolitis, organizing pneumonia, or atelectasis in specimens from the right middle lobe or of lingula in the absence of an identifiable cause of bronchial obstruction should suggest a diagnosis of MLS.
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PMID:Middle lobe syndrome: a clinicopathological study of 21 patients. 789 Feb 82

Pulmonary artery rhabdomyosarcomas are rare lesions, with a small number of cases reported in the literature. We report a case of pulmonary artery rhabdomyosarcoma that arose in the right pulmonary artery. The patient presented with cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis and was found to have a sarcoma arising in the right pulmonary artery and extending distally within the pulmonary vasculature into the right lung. The gross pathologic features, microscopic appearance, immunohistochemical profile, and computed tomographic and electron microscopic findings are presented. The site of origin and differential diagnosis of these lesions are discussed.
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PMID:Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma arising in association with the right pulmonary artery. 797 18

This is a report of an unusual patient who had four of the five manifestations of thoracic endometriosis, including right pneumothorax, left hemothorax, chest pain, and hemoptysis. This patient shows that recurrence of symptoms can occur while a patient is receiving hormonal replacement therapy even after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; estrogen replacement should probably be delayed for several months to allow complete regression of the ectopic endometrial tissue. Alternatively, chemical pleurodesis can be effective in treating recurrent pneumothorax or hemothorax while the patient is receiving hormonal replacement. Bilateral pleural involvement and hemoptysis suggest microembolization of endometrial tissue as the pathogenic mechanism for thoracic endometriosis.
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PMID:Thoracic endometriosis. Recurrence following hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and successful treatment with talc pleurodesis. 798 21

Hamartoma is one of the most common benign tumors in the lung, and most of the lung hamartomas are located in the parenchyma. This report reviews 24 cases with this kind of tumor. The male-female ratio was 1.4:1 and the mean age 46.4 years. Sixteen patients of the 24 were asymptomatic, while in the remainder cases chest pain or distress, cough, short breath or hemoptysis were presented. Lung hamartoma is usually composed of cartilage, fat, smooth muscle and respiratory epithelium. X-ray findings of the parenchymal type in these cases were characterized by a round or oval sharply outlined mass, but only one with a mass in the shape of a dumbbell. 33% cases showed calcification. In 19 cases the mass was < 3.0 cm diameter (79%) and in 17 it was located in the superficial edge of the lung. The diagnosis was confirmed in only 6 cases preoperatively. The other cases were misdiagnosed as lung cancer, tuberculoma, metastatic tumors of the lung, etc. Enucleation or wedge resection is desirable for this kind of tumor.
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PMID:[Hamartoma of the lung: an analysis of 24 cases]. 799 73

Pulmonary barotrauma (PB) is caused by expansion of gases in the respiratory system. We describe 22 cases in divers that constituted 10.2% of the accidents treated at the Spanish navy's hyperbaric center (1969-1990). Hemoptysis (27.2%), subcutaneous emphysema (22.7%) and chest pain (9.1%) were the most frequent thoracic-pulmonary signs. Changes in consciousness (54.5%) and motility (22.7%) were the main neurological symptoms. The highest indices of PB were recorded during training exercises in diving courses, with 91% of the trauma patients recuperating with no aftereffects thanks to prompt deep (50 m) recompression. Protocols for applying therapeutic tables are described, and the advantages of using tables for oxygen as opposed to air are discussed. Finally, we justify the need to have a hyperbaric chamber nearby for treating this type of accident.
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PMID:[The lung overexpansion syndrome as a diving accident. A review of 22 cases]. 774 71

We identified eight patients (six women and two men) who had pulmonary infiltrates during treatment with minocycline hydrochloride between 1989 and 1992 in French referral centers for drug-induced pulmonary diseases. Clinical files, chest roentgenograms, computed tomographic scans, pulmonary function, and bronchoalveolar lavage data were reviewed. Minocycline treatment was given for acne (n = 4), genital infection (n = 3), and Lyme disease (n = 1). The duration of treatment averaged 13 +/- 5 days (mean +/- SE); the total dose, 2060 +/- 540 mg. Patients presented with dyspnea (n = 8), fever (n = 7), dry cough (n = 5), hemoptysis (n = 1), chest pain (n = 2), fatigue (n = 3), and rash (n = 3). Chest roentgenograms showed bilateral infiltrates in all cases. Pulmonary function was measured in five patients; four had airflow obstruction and two had mild restriction. Blood gas tests demonstrated hypoxemia in seven patients (58 +/- 3 mmHg). Seven patients had blood eosinophilia (1.76 +/- 0.2 x 10(9)/L). Bronchoalveolar lavage (performed in seven patients) showed an increased proportion of eosinophils (0.30 +/- 0.07). The Cd4+/CD8+ ratio was determined in four cases and was low in three. Transbronchial lung biopsy, performed in two patients, showed interstitial pneumonitis in both patients, with marked infiltration by eosinophils in one patient. The outcome was favorable in all patients. Because of severe symptoms, steroid therapy was required in three patients. Rechallenge was not attempted. We conclude that minocycline can induce the syndrome of pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia, that presenting symptoms may be severe and may culminate in transient respiratory failure, and that the disease has a favorable prognosis.
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PMID:Minocycline pneumonitis and eosinophilia. A report on eight patients. 803 Dec 12

We studied 196 patients with suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE) to evaluate the role of clinical pattern, with special reference to gender and age, in raising the suspicion. Results are that clinical and instrumental patterns, although not specific for PE, may show highly frequent symptoms and signs such as dyspnea (52%), chest pain (60%), enlargement of descending pulmonary artery (49%), diaphragmatic elevation (41%), enlargement of azygos vein (46%) and hypoxia (mean value 68 +/- 13 mm Hg) that allow to suspect PE in most patients and, therefore, to recruit more patients for diagnosis. Moreover, this study shows that gender and age may only partially influence the possibility of raising the suspicion of PE. Indeed, only hemoptysis is significantly (p < 0.02) more frequent in males; only pleuritic chest pain is significantly (p < 0.02) more frequent in youngs; few instrumental findings, such as 'sausage-like' descending pulmonary artery (p < 0.001), enlargement of cardiac shadow (p < 0.01), and hypoxia (p > 0.03) are significantly more frequent in elderly patients. Finally, a characteristic clinical and instrumental pattern of PE may allow to select a subset of patients at higher risk; in fact, previous PE, prolonged immobilization (p < 0.01) and thrombophlebitis (p < 0.001), sudden dyspnea and cough (p < 0.05), 'sausage-like' descending pulmonary artery (p < 0.001), diaphragm elevation (p < 0.02), enlargement of heart shadow, pulmonary infarction and Westermark sign (p < 0.001), S-T segment depression (p < 0.001), and hypoxia (p < 0.001) are findings significantly more frequent in patients with confirmed PE.
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PMID:Gender, age and clinical signs in patients suspected of pulmonary embolism. 817 65

Primary pulmonary hemangiopericytoma is a rare form of soft tissue sarcomas. Only six cases were reported in the Chinese literature. Three additional cases treated surgically are now presented, bringing the total to nine and their pathologic and clinical aspects are briefly reviewed. The tumor derives from pericytes and should not be confused with hemangioendothelioma. Most of the patients were asymptomatic and the lesion was detected on routine chest roentgenography. The nine patients had chest pain, fever, cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis or other symptoms, but the symptoms do not differ from those of other lung tumors. Some radiologic features can arouse suspicion of hemangiopericytoma. MRI has a distinct advantage over CT in the tumor imaging. The microscopic morphology is characterized by multiple proliferating capillaries with normal endothelial cells surrounded by proliferating pericytes. For primary pulmonary hemangiopericytoma, the only effective treatment is adequate resection varying from a wedge resection to a pneumonectomy depending on the location and extent of the tumor.
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PMID:[Primary hemangiopericytoma of the lung]. 822 28

To determine the clinical presentation of patients with malignancies metastatic to the lung, the diagnostic utility of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB), and the primary site of malignancies metastasizing endobronchially, we retrospectively reviewed 1,853 FB records (1987 to 1991) and selected 111 cases for review. Cases were divided on the basis of FB findings into abnormal (44 patients) and normal (67 patients). Pulmonary symptoms (cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain) prompted referral significantly more often in the abnormal FB group (34/44) than in the normal FB group (24/67). The finding of atelectasis on chest radiograph occurred more frequently in patients with endobronchial abnormalities. The spectrum of extrapulmonary malignancies that metastasize endobronchially has changed during the AIDS epidemic. Our study shows the most frequent causes of endobronchial mass lesions were Kaposi's sarcoma and the lymphoma group (Hodgkin's disease, nonHodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia) and the most common malignancies causing submucosal metastases were breast and the lymphoma group. In summary, the highest yield from FB can be expected in patients experiencing symptoms of cough or hemoptysis and/or having radiographic evidence of atelectasis. We propose a new mnemonic "KLAS" (Kaposi's sarcoma, Lymphoma, Adenocarcinoma, Sarcoma) to describe the malignancies most likely to metastasize endobronchially in the 1990s.
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PMID:Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the evaluation of carcinoma metastatic to the lung. 830 46


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