Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019079 (hemoptysis)
 6,129 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 53-year-old man who had previously undergone resection of a left ventricular aneurysm was admitted because of hemoptysis. Preoperative evaluation with computed tomographic scan and cardiac catheterization demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm of the inferior ventricular wall measuring 16 cm in diameter with protrusion into the left hemithorax. The neck of the pseudoaneurysm was a defect in the ventricular wall extending from the base of the mitral valve annulus to the insertion of the posterior papillary muscle. Operative repair was performed using an albumin-coated, low-porosity Dacron patch.
 ...
PMID:Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm with hemoptysis. 199 30

A 62-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of massive hemoptysis. Chest X-ray film, CT scan and IADSA demonstrated a large aneurysm of the thoracic aorta, extending from the ascending aorta to the descending aorta. Bronchoscopy revealed bleeding from left B1+2. Six days after the onset, replacement of the thoracic aorta with woven Dacron prosthetic graft, autoclaved after immersion in albumin, was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass and separate cerebral perfusion (700 ml/min) under moderate hypothermia (25 degrees C). Left upper lobe of the lung, adherent tightly to the posterior and medial wall of the aneurysm, was not dissected because bleeding from left bronchus was trivial even after systemic heparinization. Because of the cardiac dilatation, delayed chest closure was needed. Postoperative cardiac failure, necessitating much catecholamine support, was seen with gradual improvement and no neurological deficit was recognized. He was discharged from the hospital without any sequelae 2 months after the onset. Pathologic diagnosis was an atherosclerotic aneurysm.
 ...
PMID:[Successful surgical treatment of ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm into the lung]. 223 2

A group of 306 patients with acute pulmonary hemorrhage were evaluated by means of bronchial arteriography and treated with transcatheter embolization. Specific causes for bleeding included lung abscess, chronic pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and bronchiectasis. In 120 patients the hemoptysis was massive, with volumes exceeding 500 ml/day. The majority (n = 225) were treated during peak hemorrhage. Embolization was performed with one of three methods: particulate embolization with polyurethane or velour, obturation with the angiographic catheter combined with peripheral embolization by means of infused albumin macroaggregates, and regional infusion of sclerosing agents. Effective hemostasis was obtained initially in 278 patients (90.8%), including 87.5% of those treated during peak hemorrhage. In 26 of 28 cases without initial response, the pulmonary artery was the source of bleeding. Recurrent bleeding, within 1-4 days, requiring surgery was observed in 39 patients with initially successful hemostasis. Of 158 patients who were treated without surgery, subsequent episodes of hemoptysis occurred in 36. Combined methods of embolization may improve the efficacy of treatment of operable and inoperable patients with lung disease complicated by hemorrhage.
 ...
PMID:Transcatheter embolization in the management of pulmonary hemorrhage. 356 15

A five-year review (1979 to 1983) of 41 patients with active tuberculosis at the time of death was performed to determine the cause of death. Twenty deaths (49 percent) were directly attributed to tuberculosis. Overwhelming tuberculous disease was the cause of death for seven patients, and among them the majority had strikingly low serum levels of albumin. Ten patients died of either massive hemoptysis or respiratory failure. Only two patients died due to progressive drug-resistant disease in an area where drug resistance is common. The majority of patients (21/41; 51 percent) died of common medical problems unrelated to tuberculosis. Eleven patients died from cardiopulmonary disease (five pulmonary emboli, one respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, two acute myocardial infarctions, and two primary dysrhythmias). Three deaths were the result of gastrointestinal bleeding, and three patients died as a result of bacterial superinfection. Our data indicate that patients still die of tuberculosis in the era of effective antituberculosis therapy. It is imperative that clinicians are aware that pulmonary emboli, arteriosclerotic heart disease, bacterial superinfection, and gastrointestinal bleeding cause approximately 50 percent of the deaths among patients who have tuberculosis and that prompt recognition and treatment of those diseases might decrease the mortality from tuberculosis.
 ...
PMID:Tuberculosis. Cause of death in antibiotic era. 405 15

Seventy one patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis who died during the past 5 years (1989 to 1993) were evaluated on their causes of death. Twenty two patients (31%) died directly of tuberculosis, and among them, 18 patients (81%) of 22 patients who died of tuberculosis) had very advanced tuberculosis. The majority of them (64%) were old age over 70 years and were bedridden due mostly to cerebrovascular injuries. The serum level of albumin was low in all 17 patients in whom it was measured. Establishment of diagnosis of tuberculosis was delayed over one month after the onset of symptoms in 59% of patients who died of severe disease. Sixty one percent (11/18) of patients died within the first month after the initiation of chemotherapy and about 90% (16/18) died within 3 months. Two patients died from massive hemoptysis and other patients died of either respiratory failure or tuberculosis meningitis. From these observations it was found that very advanced tuberculosis was the major cause of death in patients who died of tuberculosis and that the advanced disease was chiefly caused by the delay on the establishment of diagnosis, and it was most important to detect tuberculosis as early as possible, with regular check up of chest X-ray and frequent examination for AFB (acid-fast bacilli) for tuberculosis suspected patients. On the other hand, the majority of patients (49/71) died of complicating medical problem unrelated to tuberculosis. Seventeen patients died from malignancy (seven lung cancer, four lymphoma, two laryngeal cancer, etc). Ten deaths were the result of bacterial superinfection. Other patients died from respiratory failure due to COPD, arteiosclerotic heart disease, or cerebrovascular injuries, etc. Two patients of old age died of hepatic failure possibly caused by adverse reaction of TB chemotherapy. It was found that diseases unrelated to tuberculosis were the cause of death in approximately 70% of patients with active tuberculosis, and it should be emphasized to detect early and to treat these diseases, in particular malignancy. And it is also imperative that the chemotherapy for TB must be instituted very carefully with frequent monitoring of liver function in patients with old age.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation on causes of death in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis]. 868 6

This case report try to point out the importance of early diagnosis, and an appropriate treatment in multifocal tuberculosis including a testicular localization. A 25 year-old male with a past history of tuberculosis contact and untreated chronic cough with haemoptysis is admitted in our in-patient clinic. Eighteen months earlier, he presented a long course fever, with lumbar pain. Thereafter, the patient condition worsened as he lost weight and developed an enlargement of the right testicle with an scrotal abscess fistulous and a meningo-encephalitis clinical presentation. The bacilloscopy performed on gastric specimen and scrotal caseous was negative. The cerebrospinal fluid was clear and showed a mixed formula with 370 cells including 50% of lymphocytes, an elevated albumin (0.70g/l) and low glucose (0.10g/l) . Sterile pus was detected in urine. The tuberculosis skin test was positive. In addition to the clinical and epidemiological context, the radiological findings (chest and spine X-ray, testicular ultrasonography, cerebral CT Scan) were consistent with multifocal tuberculosis infection with lung miliary, epididymal-orchitis, and brain tuberculomas. The patient was treated successfully using a two-step protocol: two-month treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamid altogether; followed by a seven-month regimen with isoniazid and rifampicin. Nevertheless,the patient is likely to develop static trouble and infertility because of the spine sequela and testicle atrophy he presented.
 ...
PMID:[Multifocal tuberculosis with epididymitis and orchitis in an HIV negative patient]. 1577 64

The management and therapy of miliary tuberculosis: Nobuharu OHSHIMA (Asthma and Allergy Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital). Treatment and management of severe pulmonary tuberculosis: Yuta HAYASHI, Kenji OGAWA (Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Higashi Nagoya National Hospital). Death of a young (non-elderly) patient may become a large psychological burden not only for patient's family but also for medical staff. We analyzed non-elderly cases with severe pulmonary tuberculosis by comparing 13 patients who died of tuberculosis in the hospital (death group) and 31 patients who survived and were discharged from hospital (survivor group). The mean age was older and there were more patients who were out of employment in the death group compared to the survivor group. Among the factors related to the general condition evaluated on the admission, disturbance of consciousness, respiratory insufficiency, impairment in the ADL, poor dietary intake, and decubitus ulcer were more observed in the death group. Chest X-ray finding was not a predictive factor of poor prognosis. Among the laboratory findings, the numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes, red blood cells, and thrombocytes significantly decreased in the death group. Serum level of total cholesterol, cholinesterase, and albumin were also significantly lower in the death group, indicating that malnutrition was related to the death of severe tuberculosis. Further studies are needed to establish the optimal nutritional management and evaluate the effectiveness of adjunctive use of steroid for severe tuberculosis patients. Invasive fungal infection complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis: Akira WATANABE, Katsuhiko KAMEI (Division of Clinical Research, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University). Among the invasive mycoses, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is the most frequent disease as a sequel to pulmonary tuberculosis. However, identifying CPA early in patient with persistent pulmonary shadows from pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult. Serum microbiological tests such as Aspergillus precipitans (principally for Aspergillus IgG antibodies) are useful but sensitivity and specificity of this test are not high. Even treated, CPA has a case mortality rate of 50% over a span of 5 years. Morbidity is marked by both systemic and respiratory symptom and hemoptysis. Loss of lung function and life-threatening hemoptysis are common. As invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, early diagnosis and treatment of CPA might improve the outcome. Regarding the treatment, concomitant use of some anti-tubercular agents and antifungals is contradicted. Treatment and management for pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with COPD and interstitial pneumonia: Shinji TAMAKI, Takashi KUGE, Midori TAMURA, Sayuri TANAKA, Eiko YOSHINO, Mouka TAMURA (National Hospital Organization Nara Medical Center), Hiroshi KIMURA (Second Department of Internal Medicine and Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University) Recently, patients of pulmonary tuberculosis have many complications especially in the elderly population. It is recognized that patients with COPD and interstitial pneumonia (IP) have an increased risk for developing active tuberculosis. The aim of this report is to describe the clinical findings of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with COPD and IP. We reviewed 327 patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-six cases were complicated with COPD. All patients were male, and had smoking history. Cavitary lesions were observed only in 5 cases. Acute exacerbation of COPD occurred in one fatal case. Ten cases were complicated with IP. Cavitary lesions were observed in 3 cases. Acute exacerbation of IP were observed in 7 cases, and 4 patients died during the anti-tuberculosis treatment. Careful evaluation and treatment are necessary for tuberculosis patients complicated with COPD and IP.
 ...
PMID:[Progress in management of severe tuberculosis or tuberculosis with severe complication]. 2497 49

During a dengue outbreak in 2005 in the East-coast region of Peninsular Malaysia, one of the worst hit areas in the country at that time, we undertook a prospective study. We aimed to describe the bleeding outcome and changes in the liver and hematologic profiles that were associated with major bleeding outcome during the outbreak. All suspected cases of dengue admitted into the only referral hospital in the region during the outbreak were screened for WHO 2002 criteria and serology. Liver function, hematologic profile and severity of bleeding outcome were carefully documented. The association between symptoms, liver and hematologic impairments with the type of dengue infection (classical vs. hemorrhagic) and bleeding outcome (major vs. non-major) was tested. Dengue fever was confirmed in 183 cases (12.5/100,000 population) and 144 cases were analysed. 59.7% were dengue hemorrhagic fever, 3.5% were dengue shock syndrome and there were 3 in-hospital deaths. Major bleeding outcome (gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding or haemoptysis) was present in 14.6%. Elevated AST, ALT and bilirubin were associated with increasing severity of bleeding outcome (all P < 0.05). Platelet count and albumin level were inversely associated with increasing severity of bleeding outcome (both P < 0.001). With multivariable analysis, dengue hemorrhagic fever was more likely in the presence of abdominal pain (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.02- 1.6) and elevated AST (OR 1.0, 95% CI 1.0-1.1) but the presence of pleural effusion (OR 5.8, 95% CI: 1.1-29.9) and elevated AST (OR 1.008, 95% CI: 1.005-1.01) predicted a severe bleeding outcome. As a conclusion, the common presence of a severe hemorrhagic form of dengue fever may explain the rising death toll in recent outbreaks and the worst impairment in liver and hematologic profiles was seen in major bleeding outcome.
...
PMID:Bleeding outcome during a dengue outbreak in 2005 in the East-coast region of Peninsular Malaysia: a prospective study. 2513 95

A girl was diagnosed with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-resistant Kawasaki disease (KD) due to pyrexia and hemoptysis for eight days. The girl was a school-age child with major clinical manifestations of pyrexia, skin rash, enlargement of bilateral cervical lymph nodes, conjunctival hyperaemia, red and cracked lips and strawberry-like tongue, followed by swelling of both hands and feet. Laboratory examination showed significant increases in white blood cell count, platelet count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and liver enzymes, a significant reduction in albumin, and the presence of aseptic pyuria. After the first course of IVIG treatment, the girl still had recurrent pyrexia, with hemoptysis on day 2 after admission, and lung CT showed uneven luminance and patchy shadow. The symptoms were quickly alleviated after the second course of IVIG treatment combined with methylprednisolone and aspirin treatment. KD is a febrile disease characterized by multiple systemic vasculitis in childhood and can involve various organ systems such as the heart, lungs, kidneys and the nervous system. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor and recognize the rare symptoms of KD, and early recognition of pulmonary complications of KD can avoid delay in diagnosis, prevent the development of more serious complications, and help with early treatment and disease recovery.
 ...
PMID:[Pyrexia and hemoptysis for eight days in a school-age child]. 3120 15